SSM整合
8、整合SSM
8.1、环境要求
环境:
- IDEA
- MySql 5.7
- Tomcat 9
- Maven 3.8
8.2、数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`) VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
8.3、基本环境搭建
-
新建一Maven项目! ssmbuild , 添加web的支持
-
导入相关的pom依赖!
<dependencies> <!--单元测试--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--数据库驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.28</version> </dependency> <!--数据库连接池--> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.5</version> </dependency> <!--servlet jsp--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2.1-b03</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.9</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.6</version> </dependency> <!--spring--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.3.21</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.3.19</version> </dependency> <!--lombok工具--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.24</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
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Maven资源过滤设置
<build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build>
-
建立基本结构和配置框架
-
com.yzh.pojo
-
com.yzh.dao
-
com.yzh.service
-
com.yzh.controller
-
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> </configuration>
-
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> </beans>
-
8.4、Mybatis层
-
数据库配置文件 database.properties
driver = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username = root password = 123456
-
IDEA关联数据库
-
编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <typeAliases> <package name="com.yzh.pojo"/> </typeAliases> <mappers> <package name="com.yzh.dao"/> </mappers> </configuration>
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编写对应的实体类 com.yzh.pojo.Books,使用lombok插件!
@Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Books { private int bookID; private String bookName; private int bookCounts; private String detail; }
-
编写Dao层的 Mapper接口!
public interface BookMapper { //增加一本书 int addBook(Books book); //删除一本书 int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id); //修改一本书 int updateBook(Books book); //查询一本书 Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID")int id); //查询全部书 List<Books> queryAllBooks(); }
-
编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.yzh.dao.BookMapper"> <!--增加一本书--> <insert id="addBook" parameterType="books"> insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail}); </insert> <!--根据id删除一本书--> <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int"> delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID}; </delete> <!--根据id修改一本书--> <update id="updateBook" parameterType="_int"> update ssmbuild.books set bookName = #{bookName}, bookCounts = #{bookCounts}, detail = #{detail} where bookID = #{bookID}; </update> <!--根据id查询一本书--> <select id="queryBookById" resultType="books"> select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID}; </select> <!--查询所有书--> <select id="queryAllBooks" resultType="books"> select * from ssmbuild.books; </select> </mapper>
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编写Service层的接口和实现类,接口和Mapper方法一样,只是类名不同
实现类:
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { //调用dao层的操作,设置一个set接口,方便Spring管理 private BookMapper bookMapper; //之后使用注解之后可以不用手动set public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) { this.bookMapper = bookMapper; } public int addBook(Books book) { return bookMapper.addBook(book); } public int deleteBookById(int id) { return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id); } public int updateBook(Books book) { return updateBook(book); } public Books queryBookById(int id) { return queryBookById(id); } public List<Books> queryAllBooks() { return queryAllBooks(); } }
8.5、Spring层
-
配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池;
-
编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件; spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 1. 关联数据库配置文件--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" /> <!-- 2. 连接池 dbcp:半自动化操作,不能自动连接 c3p0:自动化操作(自动化的加载配置文件,并且可以自动设置到对象中) druid:阿里巴巴开源连接池 hikari:spring底层连接池使用的 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${driver}" /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}" /> <property name="user" value="${username}" /> <property name="password" value="${password}" /> <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性(最大、小连接池个数) --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/> <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/> </bean> <!-- 3. sqlSessionFactory--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 绑定mybatis配置文件--> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" /> </bean> <!-- 4.配置dao接口扫描包,动态的实现了Dao接口可以注入到Spring容器中--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory--> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/> <!-- 要扫描的dao包--> <property name="basePackage" value="com.yzh.dao" /> </bean> </beans>
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Spring整合service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 1. 扫描service下的包--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.yzh.service" /> <!-- 2. 将所有的业务类,注入到spring,可以通过配置,也可以通过注解--> <bean id="bookServiceImple" class="com.yzh.service.BookServiceImpl" > <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper" /> </bean> <!-- 3. 声明式事务配置--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!-- 注入数据源--> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 4. aop事务支持--> </beans>
8.6、SpringMVC层
-
添加web支持,配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!-- DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!-- 配置的是总的spring配置文件--> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 乱码过滤--> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- Session过期时间--> <session-config> <!-- 过期时间15分钟--> <session-timeout>15</session-timeout> </session-config> </web-app>
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spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 1. 注解驱动--> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 2. 静态资源过滤--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <!-- 3. 扫描包:controller--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.yzh.controller" /> <!-- 4. 视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
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Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml" /> <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml" /> <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml" /> </beans>
Controller 和 视图层编写
-
BookController 类编写 , 方法一:查询全部书籍
@Controller @RequestMapping("/book") public class BookController { @Autowired @Qualifier("bookServiceImpl") private BookService bookService; //查询全部的书籍,并且返回到一个书籍展示页面 @RequestMapping("/allBook") public String list(Model model){ List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBooks(); model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; } }
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编写首页 index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>首页</title> <style type="text/css"> a { text-decoration: none; color: black; font-size: 18px; } h3 { width: 180px; height: 38px; margin: 100px auto; text-align: center; line-height: 38px; background: deepskyblue; border-radius: 4px; } </style> </head> <body> <h3> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍列表页</a> </h3> </body> </html>
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书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>书籍展示页面</title> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 column"> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a> </div> </div> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <table class="table table-hover table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>书籍编号</th> <th>书籍名字</th> <th>书籍数量</th> <th>书籍详情</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}"> <tr> <td>${book.getBookID()}</td> <td>${book.getBookName()}</td> <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td> <td>${book.getDetail()}</td> <td> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> | <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a> </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法二:添加书籍
//跳转到增加书籍页面 @RequestMapping("/toAddBook") public String toAddBook() { return "addBook"; } //添加书籍的请求} @RequestMapping("/addBook") public String addPaper(Books book) { bookService.addBook(book); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>添加书籍页面</title> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>新增书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post"> <div class="form-group"> <label>书籍名称:</label> <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" required /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>书籍数量:</label> <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" required /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>书籍详情:</label> <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" required /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加"> </div> </form> </div> </body> </html>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法三:修改书籍
//跳转到修改书籍页面 @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook") public String toUpdateBook(int id, Model model) { Books book = bookService.queryBookById(id); model.addAttribute("QBook", book); return "updateBook"; } //修改书籍的请求 @RequestMapping("/updatePaper") public String updatePaper(Books book) { bookService.updateBook(book); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>修改书籍页面</title> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>修改书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updatePaper" method="post"> <!-- ID用隐藏域传输--> <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${QBook.bookID}"> <div class="form-group"> <label>书籍名称:</label> <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookName}" required /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>书籍数量:</label> <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookCounts}" required /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>书籍详情:</label> <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" value="${QBook.detail}" required /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改"> </div> </form> </div> </body> </html>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法四:删除书籍
//删除书籍 @RequestMapping("/delete/{bookId}") public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id){ bookService.deleteBookById(id); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
8.7、实现查询书籍功能
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前端页面增加一个输入框和查询按钮
<div class="col-md-8 column"> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook" method="post" class="form-inline" style="float: right;"> <span style="color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold">${error}</span> <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入查询的书籍名称" /> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="查询" /> </form> </div>
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底层Mapper接口(使用查询所有书籍进行优化)
//查询全部书 List<Books> queryAllBooks(@Param("bookName") String queryBookName);
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底层Mapper.xml
<!--查询所有书--> <select id="queryAllBooks" resultType="books"> select * from ssmbuild.books <where> <if test="bookName != null and bookName != ''"> bookName like '%' #{bookName} '%' </if> </where>; </select>
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Service接口
//查询全部书 List<Books> queryAllBooks(String queryBookName);
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Service实现类
public List<Books> queryAllBooks(String queryBookName) { return bookMapper.queryAllBooks(queryBookName); }
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完善Controller
//查询全部的书籍,并且返回到一个书籍展示页面 @RequestMapping("/allBook") public String list(String queryBookName, Model model) { List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBooks(queryBookName); model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; }
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测试基本发现可以查询
发现查询不存在的东西时页面为空,继续优化
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在前端添加一个展示全部书籍的按钮
<div class="col-md-4 column"> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">查看所有书籍</a> </div>
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并在后台增加一些判断性的代码!
if (list.isEmpty()){ model.addAttribute("error", "未查到"); }
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将错误信息展示在前台页面!完整的查询栏代码
<div class="col-md-8 column"> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook" method="post" class="form-inline" style="float: right;"> <span style="color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold">${error}</span> <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入查询的书籍名称" /> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="查询" /> </form> </div>
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