SSM整合

8、整合SSM

8.1、环境要求

环境：

IDEA
MySql 5.7
Tomcat 9
Maven 3.8

8.2、数据库环境

创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
    `bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
    `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
    `bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
    `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
    KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`) VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

8.3、基本环境搭建

新建一Maven项目！ ssmbuild ，添加web的支持

导入相关的pom依赖！

<dependencies>
    <!--单元测试-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库驱动-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.28</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库连接池-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--servlet jsp-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1-b03</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.19</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--lombok工具-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.24</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

Maven资源过滤设置

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

建立基本结构和配置框架

com.yzh.pojo
com.yzh.dao
com.yzh.service
com.yzh.controller

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    
</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
</beans>

8.4、Mybatis层

数据库配置文件 database.properties

driver = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username = root
password = 123456

IDEA关联数据库

编写MyBatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.yzh.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.yzh.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

编写对应的实体类 com.yzh.pojo.Books,使用lombok插件！

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

编写Dao层的 Mapper接口！

public interface BookMapper {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books book);
    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);
    //修改一本书
    int updateBook(Books book);
    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID")int id);
    //查询全部书
    List<Books> queryAllBooks();
}

编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yzh.dao.BookMapper">

    <!--增加一本书-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
    </insert>
    <!--根据id删除一本书-->
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
    </delete>
    <!--根据id修改一本书-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="_int">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName = #{bookName},
            bookCounts = #{bookCounts},
            detail = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </update>
    <!--根据id查询一本书-->
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="books">
        select *
        from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </select>
    <!--查询所有书-->
    <select id="queryAllBooks" resultType="books">
        select *
        from ssmbuild.books;
    </select>
</mapper>

编写Service层的接口和实现类，接口和Mapper方法一样，只是类名不同

实现类：

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    
    //调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理
    private BookMapper bookMapper;
	//之后使用注解之后可以不用手动set
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(Books book) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(book);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(Books book) {
        return updateBook(book);
    }

    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<Books> queryAllBooks() {
        return queryAllBooks();
    }
}

8.5、Spring层

配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；

编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件； spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 1. 关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" />

    <!-- 2. 连接池
            dbcp：半自动化操作，不能自动连接
            c3p0：自动化操作（自动化的加载配置文件，并且可以自动设置到对象中）
            druid：阿里巴巴开源连接池
            hikari：spring底层连接池使用的
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}" />
        <property name="user" value="${username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${password}" />

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性(最大、小连接池个数) -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3. sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 绑定mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置dao接口扫描包，动态的实现了Dao接口可以注入到Spring容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 要扫描的dao包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.yzh.dao" />
    </bean>
</beans>

Spring整合service层

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 1. 扫描service下的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yzh.service" />

    <!-- 2. 将所有的业务类，注入到spring，可以通过配置，也可以通过注解-->
    <bean id="bookServiceImple" class="com.yzh.service.BookServiceImpl" >
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 3. 声明式事务配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4. aop事务支持-->
</beans>

8.6、SpringMVC层

添加web支持，配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!-- DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!-- 配置的是总的spring配置文件-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- 乱码过滤-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- Session过期时间-->
    <session-config>
        <!-- 过期时间15分钟-->
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 1. 注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 2. 静态资源过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <!-- 3. 扫描包：controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yzh.controller" />
    <!-- 4. 视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml" />
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml" />
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml" />

</beans>

Controller 和视图层编写

BookController 类编写，方法一：查询全部书籍

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("bookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    //查询全部的书籍，并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBooks();
        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
    }
}

编写首页 index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>首页</title>
    <style type="text/css">
      a {
        text-decoration: none;
        color: black;
        font-size: 18px;
      }
      h3 {
        width: 180px;
        height: 38px;
        margin: 100px auto;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 38px;
        background: deepskyblue;
        border-radius: 4px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
  <h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍列表页</a>
  </h3>
  </body>
</html>

书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍展示页面</title>
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>
                        <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                    </h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-4 column">
                <a class="btn btn-primary"
                   href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>书籍编号</th>
                            <th>书籍名字</th>
                            <th>书籍数量</th>
                            <th>书籍详情</th>
                            <th>操作</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                        <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                            <tr>
                                <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                                <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                                <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                                <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                                <td>
                                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                                </td>
                            </tr>
                        </c:forEach>
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

</body>
</html>

BookController 类编写，方法二：添加书籍

//跳转到增加书籍页面
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddBook() {
    return "addBook";
}

//添加书籍的请求}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books book) {
    bookService.addBook(book);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>添加书籍页面</title>
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>
                        <small>新增书籍</small>
                    </h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>书籍名称：</label>
                <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" required />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>书籍数量：</label>
                <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" required />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>书籍详情：</label>
                <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" required />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加">
            </div>
        </form>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

BookController 类编写，方法三：修改书籍

//跳转到修改书籍页面
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(int id, Model model) {
    Books book = bookService.queryBookById(id);
    model.addAttribute("QBook", book);
    return "updateBook";
}

//修改书籍的请求
@RequestMapping("/updatePaper")
public String updatePaper(Books book) {
    bookService.updateBook(book);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改书籍页面</title>
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>
                        <small>修改书籍</small>
                    </h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updatePaper" method="post">

            <!-- ID用隐藏域传输-->
            <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${QBook.bookID}">

            <div class="form-group">
                <label>书籍名称：</label>
                <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookName}" required />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>书籍数量：</label>
                <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookCounts}" required />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>书籍详情：</label>
                <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" value="${QBook.detail}" required />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改">
            </div>
        </form>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

BookController 类编写，方法四：删除书籍

 //删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/delete/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id){
    bookService.deleteBookById(id);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

8.7、实现查询书籍功能

前端页面增加一个输入框和查询按钮

<div class="col-md-8 column">
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook" method="post" class="form-inline" style="float: right;">
        <span style="color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
        <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入查询的书籍名称" />
        <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="查询" />
    </form>
</div>

底层Mapper接口（使用查询所有书籍进行优化）

//查询全部书
List<Books> queryAllBooks(@Param("bookName") String queryBookName);

底层Mapper.xml

<!--查询所有书-->
<select id="queryAllBooks" resultType="books">
    select *
    from ssmbuild.books
    <where>
        <if test="bookName != null and bookName != ''">
            bookName like '%' #{bookName} '%'
        </if>
    </where>;
</select>

Service接口

//查询全部书
List<Books> queryAllBooks(String queryBookName);

Service实现类

 public List<Books> queryAllBooks(String queryBookName) {
     return bookMapper.queryAllBooks(queryBookName);
 }

完善Controller

//查询全部的书籍，并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(String queryBookName, Model model) {
    List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBooks(queryBookName);
    model.addAttribute("list", list);
    return "allBook";
}

测试基本发现可以查询

发现查询不存在的东西时页面为空，继续优化

在前端添加一个展示全部书籍的按钮

<div class="col-md-4 column">
    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">查看所有书籍</a>
</div>

并在后台增加一些判断性的代码！

if (list.isEmpty()){
    model.addAttribute("error", "未查到");
}

将错误信息展示在前台页面！完整的查询栏代码

<div class="col-md-8 column">
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook" method="post" class="form-inline" style="float: right;">
        <span style="color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
        <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入查询的书籍名称" />
        <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="查询" />
    </form>
</div>