Linux-MySQL-主主复制
主主复制
主主复制：两个节点，都可以更新数据，并且互为主从
容易产生的问题：数据不一致；因此慎用
考虑要点：自动增长id
配置一个节点使用奇数id
auto_increment_offset=1 #开始点 auto_increment_increment=2 #增长幅度
另一个节点使用偶数id
auto_increment_offset=2 auto_increment_increment=2
主主复制的配置步骤：
- 各节点使用一个惟一server_id
- 都启动binary log和relay log
- 创建拥有复制权限的用户账号
- 定义自动增长id字段的数值范围各为奇偶
- 均把对方指定为主节点，并启动复制线程
实现两个节点主主复制模型
实验环境
机器
centos7 地址10.0.0.7
centso7 地址10.0.0.77
已安装MySQL5.7数据库
第一个master1主节点
创建日志路径
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql/logbin
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
配置文件添加
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf [root@centos7-liyj ~]#cat /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql skip_name_resolve=1 socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid server-id=7 #全局唯一ID编号 log-bin=/data/mysql/logbin/mysql-bin #二进制日志路径 auto_increment_offset=1 #开始点 auto_increment_increment=2 #增长幅度 [client] socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
重启数据库服务
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#systemctl restart mysqld
记录二进制日志位置
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.37-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show master logs; +------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +------------------+-----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | +------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
创建复制用户并授权
mysql> create user repluser"10.0.0.%" identified by "123456"; mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@"10.0.0.%";
第二个master2主节点
创建日志路径
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql/logbin
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
配置文件
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf [root@centos7-liyj ~]#cat /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql skip_name_resolve=1 socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid server-id=77 #全局唯一ID编号 log-bin=/data/mysql/logbin/mysql-bin #二进制日志路径 auto_increment_offset=2 #开始点 auto_increment_increment=2 #增长幅度 [client] socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
重启数据库服务
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#systemctl restart mysqld
登录数据库配置 复制同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.7', -> MASTER_USER='repluser', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', -> MASTER_PORT=3306, -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=154; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec) mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show master logs; +------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +------------------+-----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | +------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
开启复制
mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.0.0.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 627 Relay_Log_File: centos7-liyj-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 793 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 627 Relay_Log_Space: 1007 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 7 Master_UUID: 6eba5dd5-d036-11ec-80f9-0050563aaca0 Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在第一个master节点上
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.77', -> MASTER_USER='repluser', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', -> MASTER_PORT=3306, -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=154; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
开启复制
mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.0.0.77 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_File: centos7-liyj-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 320 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_Space: 534 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 77 Master_UUID: 8d1ce2f2-d008-11ec-8556-005056399ee0 Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified
测试
第一节点master1创建数据库
mysql> create database school; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
第二节点master2查看
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| logbin |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
| sys |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
第二节点master2创建表 mysql> use school; Database changed mysql> create table student ( -> id int UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, -> name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -> age tinyint UNSIGNED, -> gender ENUM('M','F') default 'M' -> )ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> show tables ; +------------------+ | Tables_in_school | +------------------+ | student | +------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc student; +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | varchar(20) | NO | | NULL | | | age | tinyint(3) unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | gender | enum('M','F') | YES | | M | | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.02 sec) 第一节点master1查看 mysql> use school Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show tables ; +------------------+ | Tables_in_school | +------------------+ | student | +------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc student; +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | varchar(20) | NO | | NULL | | | age | tinyint(3) unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | gender | enum('M','F') | YES | | M | | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
