ES检索服务搜索结果高亮
一、前言
在实际使用中搜索结果中的关键词前端通常会以特殊形式展示,比如标记为红色使人一目了然。我们可以通过 ES 提供的高亮功能实现此效果。
二、代码实现
前文查询是通过一个继承 ElasticsearchRepository 的接口实现的,但是如果要实现高亮,这种方式就满足不了了,这里我们需要通过 ElasticsearchTemplate 来完成。
注入 ElasticsearchTemplate
① ElasticsearchTemplate 类简介
public class ElasticsearchTemplate implements ElasticsearchOperations, ApplicationContextAware { ...省略其余部分... }
从上述源码中可以看到 ElasticsearchTemplate 实现了 ApplicationContextAware 接口,表明这个类是被 Spring 管理的,可以直接注入使用。
② 业务实现类注入 ElasticsearchTemplate
@Autowired private ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;
查询对象指定高亮字段
在构建查询对象时需要指定高亮字段,通过 withHighlightFields 方法设置。
private SearchQuery getKnowledgeSearchQuery(KnowledgeSearchParam param) { Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(param.getStart() / param.getSize(), param.getSize()); String knowledgeTitleFieldName = "knowledgeTitle"; String knowledgeContentFieldName = "knowledgeContent"; String preTags = "<span style=\"color:#F56C6C\">"; String postTags = "</span>"; HighlightBuilder.Field knowledgeTitleField = new HighlightBuilder.Field(knowledgeTitleFieldName).preTags(preTags).postTags(postTags); HighlightBuilder.Field knowledgeContentField = new HighlightBuilder.Field(knowledgeContentFieldName).preTags(preTags).postTags(postTags); BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery(); queryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("isDeleted", IsDeletedEnum.NO.getKey())); queryBuilder.should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery(knowledgeTitleFieldName, param.getKeyword())); queryBuilder.should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery(knowledgeContentFieldName, param.getKeyword())); return new NativeSearchQueryBuilder() .withPageable(pageable) .withQuery(queryBuilder) .withHighlightFields(knowledgeTitleField, knowledgeContentField) .build(); }
自定义 ResultMapper
ResultMapper 是用于将 ES 文档转换成 Java 对象的映射类,因为 Spring Data Elasticsearch 默认的的映射类 DefaultResultMapper 不支持高亮,因此,我们需要自定义一个 ResultMapper 。
完整代码如下:
@Slf4j @Component public class HighlightResultHelper implements SearchResultMapper { private static ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(); static { objectMapper.setVisibility(JsonMethod.FIELD, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); objectMapper.configure(SerializationConfig.Feature.INDENT_OUTPUT, true); objectMapper.configure(DeserializationConfig.Feature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false); } private static final Pattern SUB_FIELD_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("\\..*"); private static final String HIGHLIGHT_FIELD_SUFFIX = "Highlight"; @Override public <T> AggregatedPage<T> mapResults(SearchResponse response, Class<T> clazz, Pageable pageable) { long totalHits = response.getHits().getTotalHits(); List<T> list = Lists.newArrayList(); // 获取搜索结果 SearchHits hits = response.getHits(); for (SearchHit searchHit : hits) { if (hits.getHits().length <= 0) { continue; } // 获取高亮字段Map Map<String, HighlightField> highlightFields = searchHit.getHighlightFields(); // 通过jackson将json字符串转化为对象 T item = jsonStrToObject(searchHit.getSourceAsString(), clazz); if (Objects.isNull(item)) { continue; } // 遍历高亮字段Map,将高亮字段key转化为原始字段名(title.pinyin -> title),拼接高亮文本并与原始字段名组装为一个Map Map<String, String> highlightFieldMap = Maps.newHashMap(); for (Map.Entry<String, HighlightField> highlightField : highlightFields.entrySet()) { String key = SUB_FIELD_PATTERN.matcher(highlightField.getKey()).replaceAll(Constants.BLANK) + HIGHLIGHT_FIELD_SUFFIX; HighlightField value = highlightField.getValue(); Text[] fragments = value.getFragments(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (Text text : fragments) { sb.append(text); } highlightFieldMap.put(key, sb.toString()); } // 通过反射将高亮文本赋值到原始字段对应的高亮字段中 try { Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { if (!field.getName().contains(HIGHLIGHT_FIELD_SUFFIX)) { continue; } field.setAccessible(true); if (highlightFieldMap.containsKey(field.getName())) { field.set(item, highlightFieldMap.get(field.getName())); } else { field.set(item, searchHit.getSource().get(field.getName().replace(HIGHLIGHT_FIELD_SUFFIX, Constants.BLANK))); } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } list.add(item); } return new AggregatedPageImpl<>(list, pageable, totalHits); } private <T> T jsonStrToObject(String json, Class<T> cls) { try { return objectMapper.readValue(json, cls); } catch (IOException e) { log.error("json cant be objectTranslate to object,{}", json); return null; } } }
获取返回结果
① 返回对象增加高亮字段
@Data @Document(indexName = "knowledge", type = "knowledge") public class KnowledgeDO { ...省略其余部分... private String knowledgeTitleHighlight; private String knowledgeContentHighlight; }
② 业务实现类注入 HighlightResultHelper
@Autowired private HighlightResultHelper highlightResultHelper;
③ 获取分页结果由前文的 knowledgeRepository.search 改为 elasticsearchTemplate.queryForPage 实现,查询时指定 highlightResultHelper
Page<KnowledgeDO> page = elasticsearchTemplate.queryForPage(searchQuery, KnowledgeDO.class, highlightResultHelper);
注:测试结果展示
[ { "id": 850, "knowledgeTitle": "小儿腺样体肥大的孩子宜多吃什么?", "knowledgeTitleHighlight": "小儿腺样体肥大的孩子宜多吃什么?", "knowledgeContent": "1、饮食中要停掉一切寒凉的食物,只吃性平、性温的食物,如猪肉、鸡肉、牛肉、鸽肉、鹌鹑、鳝鱼、泥鳅、青菜、白菜、包菜、黄豆芽、土豆、韭菜、胡萝卜(一周2次)等,夏天再增加四季豆、豇豆、黄瓜、西红柿、藕、芹菜、花菜、各种菌类(菌类也偏凉适合夏天吃),水果吃新鲜时令的水果,5月份以后,新鲜水果上市了。可以吃草莓、桃子、葡萄、樱桃,秋天可以吃苹果、梨子、桔子等。\n2、每周吃2-3次红烧鳝鱼或喝鳝鱼汤,鳝鱼与其它鱼类不同,补血、补肾、抗过敏的作用明显,但不易上火,补而不燥。每周吃2次海虾,一次10只左右,7岁左右的孩子可以一次半斤,海虾就是鸡尾虾或对虾,补肾阳的作用明显,可以用来治疗慢性扁桃体炎、慢性鼻炎、慢性咽炎,与河虾的功效完全不一样。", "knowledgeContentHighlight": "1、饮食中要停掉一切寒凉的食物,只吃性平、性温的食物,如猪肉、鸡肉、牛肉、鸽肉、鹌鹑、鳝鱼、泥鳅、青菜、白菜、包菜、黄豆芽、土豆、韭菜、胡萝卜(一周2次)等,夏天再增加四季豆、豇豆、黄瓜、<span style=\"color:#F56C6C\">西红柿</span>、藕", "referenceCount": 0 } ]