第2次实践作业

（1） 实现一个自定义的web容器服务

获取 Nginx 镜像

$ docker pull nginx

查看是否已安装了 nginx

$ docker image

安装完成后，我们可以使用以下命令来运行 nginx 容器

$ docker run --name nginx-test -p 8080:80 -d nginx

可以通过浏览器可以直接访问 8080 端口的 nginx 服务

mkdir创建一个新目录
把nginx容器的默认配置default.conf复制进文件夹中，更改2433端口和root目录

vim 在该目录下新增文件index.html

创建Dockerfile文件

#Dockerfile
FROM nginx
#维护人的信息
MAINTAINER LXX031702433

COPY default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/
COPY index.html /home/hadoop/dockerFile/
#暴露端口
EXPOSE 4399

在该目录下构建镜像

$ docker build -t lxxnginx .

运行容器

$ docker run --name lnginx -d -p 2433:2433 lxxnginx

在浏览器访问2433端口

（2） 实现一个自定义的数据库容器服务

参考地址

1、首先创建Dckerfile

FROM mysql:5.7
#作者的信息
MAINTAINER LXX031702433
#设置免密登录
ENV MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD yes
#将所需文件放到容器中
COPY setup.sh /mysql/setup.sh
COPY schema.sql /mysql/schema.sql
COPY privileges.sql /mysql/privileges.sql
#设置容器启动时执行的命令
CMD ["sh", "/mysql/setup.sh"]

2、编写容器启动脚本setup.sh

#!/bin/bash
set -e

#查看mysql服务的状态，方便调试，这条语句可以删除
echo `service mysql status`

echo '1.启动mysql....'
#启动mysql
service mysql start
sleep 3
echo `service mysql status`

echo '2.开始导入数据....'
#导入数据
mysql < /mysql/schema.sql
echo '3.导入数据完毕....'

sleep 3
echo `service mysql status`

#重新设置mysql密码
echo '4.开始修改密码....'
mysql < /mysql/privileges.sql
echo '5.修改密码完毕....'

#sleep 3
echo `service mysql status`
echo 'mysql容器启动完毕,且数据导入成功'

tail -f /dev/null

3、需要导入数据的mysql脚本命令schema.sql

-- 创建数据库
create database `docker_mysql` default character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
 
use docker_mysql;
 
-- 建表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test;
 
CREATE TABLE test (
 `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
 `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT ""
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
 
-- 插入数据
INSERT INTO test (`id`, `name`)
VALUES
  (031702433,'lxx');

4、mysql权限设置命令privileges.sql

use mysql;
select host, user from user;
-- 因为mysql版本是5.7，因此新建用户为如下命令：
create user docker identified by '123456';
-- 将docker_mysql数据库的权限授权给创建的docker用户，密码为123456：
grant all on docker_mysql.* to docker@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
-- 这一条命令一定要有：
flush privileges;

创建镜像

$ docker build -t lxxmysql .

运行容器

$ docker run --name lmysql -d -p 13306:3306 lxxmysql

执行exec命令进入容器

$ sudo docker exec -it b3501a0e1347 /bin/bash

使用docker用户登录数据库 ，切换至docker_mysql数据库

mysql -u docker -p

use docker_mysql

查看表中的数据

select * from test；

使用exit退出

查看容器的配置信息

docker inspect b3501a0e1347

[
    {
        "Id": "b3501a0e1347c7ca336a63348d97eb21e562d69a694aec2128be9baa9c563878",
        "Created": "2020-04-22T14:12:38.566544627Z",
        "Path": "docker-entrypoint.sh",
        "Args": [
            "sh",
            "/mysql/setup.sh"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 6913,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2020-04-22T14:12:40.306831275Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:e7375dba6dcf311c5333e9bd6e21b37ffb6fa67cc374f840f73759518379af0b",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b3501a0e1347c7ca336a63348d97eb21e562d69a694aec2128be9baa9c563878/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b3501a0e1347c7ca336a63348d97eb21e562d69a694aec2128be9baa9c563878/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b3501a0e1347c7ca336a63348d97eb21e562d69a694aec2128be9baa9c563878/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b3501a0e1347c7ca336a63348d97eb21e562d69a694aec2128be9baa9c563878/b3501a0e1347c7ca336a63348d97eb21e562d69a694aec2128be9baa9c563878-json.log",
        "Name": "/lmysql",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "docker-default",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {
                "3306/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "",
                        "HostPort": "13306"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "Capabilities": null,
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38f5b7569c867e333f93e7a34120d1c92387deb56374a4f4cfde9a48878e48b3-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/46ad0205109ea2f2ee6fb3b0211a0b2788354b7f785e64d6a24dc17b543058cf/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a92ed51c0c129d2ba400b9c550b2d707b8e26b1aea411242da6b5ba1fdba1d7b/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/273547ff1578d0a81be0e3a990b0b76261b79801132b153a4a96598ef1f01193/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f3d3a12427e9e40bcdba7712a0b2d7b19d92c13cb950898eb523b807a3163d71/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/659bd4fa40675ef818f09427930013adcce7f478eb67298deccb6f8e3c492b41/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b60a9d26a34671f764bc9eb91d8793aaffe96b491a71b29a7d3d3aeba31f608a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2bebaf44369affdda2c84ffd70b05ba2b36996c8e77b6dda5e809a697d85c5ad/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/40577efac666a448a6f6ecc6ad95e16d2279caf0bf35eff2dfdc540f486b1506/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c40395db81b627fa39f920ac1fd8c0ec1002948394dd9f17d577f834b7a0cbf7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3e399358683569a53b84d5aa810ed8190c62428420f96088b4fc71ec3c6e5cb3/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/16ad574077f8e306c6fd499de821b37798a9c539ddb02281d35afd4b3111210f/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/43e8e26fa5e4f94e195ffa655f519bc7f6716d6f0bfc0e3081b3daaba08fcf79/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/490ed74d5b2950b286ef2f6d93441e3e955330226badb3866845e118acf0bd99/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2b4e79ef447992fd52adbd66baefce41828547ff11e75eb49fad45c09945df3c/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38f5b7569c867e333f93e7a34120d1c92387deb56374a4f4cfde9a48878e48b3/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38f5b7569c867e333f93e7a34120d1c92387deb56374a4f4cfde9a48878e48b3/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38f5b7569c867e333f93e7a34120d1c92387deb56374a4f4cfde9a48878e48b3/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [
            {
                "Type": "volume",
                "Name": "cb07f2fe6757d62c5a9879ed0259276613e8bd9c125b191466d4e21176e253f1",
                "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/cb07f2fe6757d62c5a9879ed0259276613e8bd9c125b191466d4e21176e253f1/_data",
                "Destination": "/var/lib/mysql",
                "Driver": "local",
                "Mode": "",
                "RW": true,
                "Propagation": ""
            }
        ],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "b3501a0e1347",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "3306/tcp": {},
                "33060/tcp": {}
            },
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "GOSU_VERSION=1.12",
                "MYSQL_MAJOR=5.7",
                "MYSQL_VERSION=5.7.29-1debian10",
                "MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "sh",
                "/mysql/setup.sh"
            ],
            "Image": "lxxmysql",
            "Volumes": {
                "/var/lib/mysql": {}
            },
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": [
                "docker-entrypoint.sh"
            ],
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {}
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "ffb9bb3991b3084b4312db04e43aecb4852048a71cc79d6d09cc5bfa6de71c71",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {
                "3306/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
                        "HostPort": "13306"
                    }
                ],
                "33060/tcp": null
            },
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/ffb9bb3991b3",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "4ab1b6a9b49fffee3bde11b3f1a20a8ee9edddd2c33a5ecdd45ce83973755417",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "81958e1db4417df41858bfb3b381d305a01ad8c8f1bb946431ec0abffa163cc3",
                    "EndpointID": "4ab1b6a9b49fffee3bde11b3f1a20a8ee9edddd2c33a5ecdd45ce83973755417",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

（3） 遇到的问题

在自定义的web容器服务时一开始没有使用Dockerfile构建，百度的方式直接挂载容器，有点乱感觉不是很好但也记录一下

一开始先mkdir创建目录，用于存放Nginx的相关文件信息

$ mkdir nginx
$ cd nginx
$ mkdir -p {conf,www,logs}

其中：

• www: 目录将映射为 nginx 容器配置的虚拟目录。
• logs: 目录将映射为 nginx 容器的日志目录。
• conf: 目录里的配置文件将映射为 nginx 容器的配置文件。

cd 进入 /nginx/www 目录

拷贝容器内 nginx 默认配置文件到本地当前目录下的 conf 目录

$ docker cp 1fa929f0c7d0:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /home/hadoop/nginx/conf

部署命令

$ docker run --name nginx -d -p 4399:80 \
> -v /home/hadoop/nginx/www:/usr/share/nginx/html \
> -v /home/hadoop/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
> -v /home/hadoop/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx \
> nginx:latest

命令说明：

• p 4399:80 ： 将容器的 80 端口映射到主机的 4399 端口.
• 第一个-v ：将自己创建的 www 目录挂载到容器的 /usr/share/nginx/html。
• 第二个-v ：将自己创建的 nginx.conf 挂载到容器的 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
• 第三个-v ：将自己创建的 logs 挂载到容器的 /var/log/nginx。
  

在浏览器里输入4399端口号可以访问到index.html的内容