Python Selenium

首先到pypi上下载selenium，不同版本的selenium对chrome/chormium的版本要求也不同。解压然后将路径添加到PATH。
API看了半天没看懂，所以还是到网上直接找了例子进行学习。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import unittest
import time


#html = browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*").get_attribute("outerHTML")
#不要用browser.page_source，那样得到的页面源码不标准


class YahooTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """
    Selenium WebDriver is often used as a basis for testing web applications.
    Here is a simple example uisng Python’s standard unittest library
    """
    def setUp(self):
        self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
        self.addCleanup(self.browser.quit)

    def testPageTitle(self):
        self.browser.get("http://www.yahoo.com")
        self.assertIn("Yahoo", self.browser.title)


def searchInYahoo(url):
    browser.get(url)
    assert "Yahoo" in browser.title
    #elem = browser.find_element_by_name("p") #[OK]Find the search box
    elem = browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='uh-search-box']") #[OK]Find the search box
    elem.send_keys("lxw0109" + Keys.RETURN)
    time.sleep(3)


def csdnDemo():
    browser.get("http://www.yahoo.com") # Load page
    assert "Yahoo" in browser.title
    elem = browser.find_element_by_name("p") # Find the query box
    elem.send_keys("seleniumhq" + Keys.RETURN)
    time.sleep(0.2) # Let the page load, will be added to the API
    try:
        newUrl = browser.find_element_by_xpath("//a[contains(@href,'http://www.seleniumhq.org')]")
        ActionChains(browser).click(newUrl).perform() #鼠标左键 ".perform()" is essential. 
        #print newUrl #<selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement (session="e4d91ee08e7bcc7e89844a0464051f53", element="0.6900426994876563-1")>
    except NoSuchElementException:
        assert 0, "can't find seleniumhq"
    time.sleep(3)
    browser.close()


def basicOperations(url):
    """
    browser.maximize_window()
    browser.set_window_size()
    browser.find_element_by_xpath()/browser.find_element_by_id()/browser.find_element_by_name()/...
    browser.back()
    browser.forward()
    browser.title

    get_attribute("type")
    send_keys()
    click()
    clear()
    text
    size
    """
    browser.get(url)
    assert u"百度" in browser.title #u"搜狗"

    text = browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="cp"]').text  #'//*[@id="query"]'
    print "copyright text:", text

    searchBar = browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="kw"]')
    searchBar.send_keys(u"lxw0109")
    #打印搜索框的大小
    print "searchBar.size:", searchBar.size #searchBar.size: {'width': 494, 'height': 22}
    print "searchBar.get_attribute(\"type\"):", searchBar.get_attribute("type")     #searchBar.get_attribute("type"): text

    browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="su"]').click()
    time.sleep(3)

    browser.set_window_size(800, 600)
    browser.get("http://www.cnblogs.com/lxw0109")
    time.sleep(3)

    browser.maximize_window()
    browser.back()
    time.sleep(3)
    browser.forward()

    browser.get("http://www.renren.com")
    email = browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="email"]')
    email.send_keys("531958897@qq.comm")
    time.sleep(1)
    email.send_keys(Keys.BACK_SPACE)
    browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="password"]').send_keys("liuxiaoweii")
    time.sleep(1)
    browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="password"]').send_keys(Keys.BACK_SPACE)
    browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="password"]').clear()
    browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="password"]').send_keys("liuxiaowei")
    time.sleep(1)

    email.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "a")
    time.sleep(1)
    email.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "x")
    time.sleep(1)
    email.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "v")

    #browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="login"]').click()  #OK
    browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="login"]').send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    time.sleep(3)
    article = browser.find_element_by_link_text(u"人人综艺")
    #ActionChains(browser).move_to_element(article).perform()   #not working
    #ActionChains(browser).context_click(article).perform() #鼠标右键
    ActionChains(browser).click(article).perform() #鼠标左键 ".perform()" is essential.


if __name__ == '__main__':
    """
    #0. unittest demo:
    #unittest.main(verbosity=2)
    """

    browser = webdriver.Chrome()    #Get local session of chrome
    #print type(browser) #<class 'selenium.webdriver.chrome.webdriver.WebDriver'>
    browser.maximize_window() #浏览器窗口最大化

    """
    #1. search in Yahoo automatically
    searchInYahoo("http://www.yahoo.com")
    browser.quit()
    """

    """
    #2. http://blog.csdn.net/carolzhang8406/article/details/6925588
    csdnDemo()
    """

    #3. https://my.oschina.net/yangyanxing/blog/280871?p=1
    basicOperations("https://www.baidu.com/")   #NOTE: "https://" is essential.
    """
    """

 

TODO:

selenium学习（一）：cookie的获取、登录、获取元素
通过程序自己在新浪微博上发微博

References:
1. selenium 3.0.2-PyPI
2. selenium api docs
3. python操作selenium的基本操作
4. python中使用selenium
5. selenium-webdriver(python)--鼠标事件(双击，右键) 这篇文章中有单击的API