Alibaba Cloud Linux 2 / Centos7 安装 mysql8.0

1. 检查是否安装历史版本，如果有则删除相关文件

• 查找并删除历史版本mysql

  rpm -qa|grep mysql
  # 如果存在则删除
  rpm -ev [组件名称]
  # 查找残留文件
  find / -name mysql

• 删除配置以及数据

  # 删除配置
  rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
  # 删除数据目录
  cd /var/lib/mysql
  rm -rf *

• 查找并删除已有mysql依赖

 # 查找依赖
 rpm -qa | grep mysql
 # 如果有则删除
 rpm -e [mysql_libs]
 # 若删除失败则强力删除
 rpm -e --nodeps [mysql_libs]

• 查看并删除mariadb

  rpm -qa | grep mariadb
  rpm -e --nodeps [mariadb]

2. 下载mysql8.0

  wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql80-community-el7/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

• 如果以下出现404错误

  failure: repodata/repomd.xml from xxx: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
    https://download.xxx.com/linux/centos/2.1903/x86_64/stable/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found

• 这有可能是Alibaba Cloud Linux 2 的Centos版本的问题，可以有以下两种解决方法:

1. 下载Centos7 yum源

  wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
  yum clean all 
  yum list 
  yum makecache

2. 找到/etc/yum.repos.d下的repo文件, 将其中的所有$releasever替换成7

3. 安装mysql

  # 安装mysql依赖包
  yum install -y libaio
  # 安装mysql
  rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
  yum install mysql-server

• 若出现Public key for mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed则需要更新mysql的GPA

  rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
  # 然后再安装
  yum install mysql-server

4. 配置并启动mysql

1. 设为开机启动

  # 检查是否开机启动
  systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld
  # 若没有则设为开机启动
  systemctl enable mysqld.service

2. 初始化mysql

  mysqld --initialize
  # 查看初始化密码
  grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
  # 登录mysql
  mysql -uroot -p

• 可能会出现的报错:
  1. 如果出现Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib /mysql/mysql.sock' (111)

      # 进入报错路径并删除mysql.sock，再重启服务
      cd /var/lib/mysql/ 
      rm -rf mysql.sock 
      systemctl stop mysqld 
      systemctl start mysqld 
      // 然后登入mysql查看是否正常 
      mysql -u root -p 
  

  2. 如果启动报错

      service mysqld start
      Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
      Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
  

  • 执行以下指令

    chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql
  

  3. 如果出现Failed to start mysqld.service: Unit not found

    yum -y install mariadb  mariadb-devel  mariadb-server
  

3. 修改密码

  alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '12345678';

• 如果提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

  set global validate_password.policy=0;

4. 远程授权

  grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '12345678' with grant option;

• 如果出现check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to
• 原因是我采用的mysql版本是8.0.13，给新用户授权时有所变化

    -- 创建账户
    create user 'root'@'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' identified by 'password'
    -- 授权，with grant option指该用户可以将自己拥有的权限授权给别人
    grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' with grant option

• 刷新权限

  flush privileges;