从首页问答标题到问答详情页
- 主PY文件写视图函数,带id参数。
-
@app.route('/detail/<question_id>')
def detail(question_id):
quest =
return render_template('detail.html', ques = quest) - 首页标题的标签做带参数的链接。
- {{ url_for('detail',question_id = foo.id) }}
- 在详情页将数据的显示在恰当的位置。
-
{{ ques.title}}
{{ ques.id }}{{ ques.creat_time }}{{ ques.author.username }}
{{ ques.detail }}
主py:
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, session from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy import config from functools import wraps from datetime import datetime app = Flask(__name__) # 创建Flask对象 app.config.from_object(config) # 关联config.py文件进来 db = SQLAlchemy(app) # 建立和数据库的关系映射 class User(db.Model): # 创建类User __tablename__ = 'user' # 类对应的表名user id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True) # autoincrement自增长 username = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False) # nullable是否为空 password = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False) nickname = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=True) class Fabu(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'fabu' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True) title = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False) detail = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False) creat_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.now) # 提交时间会自己赋值 author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id')) # 数据类型是db.Integer,db.ForeignKey参数指定外键是哪个表中哪个id author = db.relationship('User', backref=db.backref('fabu')) # 建立关联,其author属性将返回与问答相关联的用户实例,相当于数据库中的表连接 # 第一个参数表明这个关系的另一端是哪个类,第二个参数backref,将向User类中添加一个fabu属性,从而定义反向关系,这一属性可访问Fabu类,获取的是模型对象 db.create_all() # 测试是否连接成功 ''' # 插入功能 user = User(username='15',password='12') db.session.add(user) db.session.commit() # 查询功能 user=User.query.filter(User.username=="15").first() print(user.username,user.password) # 修改功能 user=User.query.filter(User.username=="15").first() user.password='888' db.session.commit() # 删除功能 user=User.query.filter(User.username=="15").first() db.session.delete(user) db.session.commit() ''' # session会话连接 # filter()过滤器 # route制定路径和函数之间的关系 # def定义一个变量 @app.route('/') # 跳转首页。 def daohang(): context = { 'fabus': Fabu.query.order_by('-creat_time').all() # order_by('-creat_time')按时间降序排列,Fabu.query.all()查出了Fabu类的所有元组 } return render_template('daohang.html', **context) # **context将该封装传递到daohang.html中调用,而上下文处理器是可以在任何html中调用。 @app.route('/lin/') # 跳转测试。 def lin(): return 'lin' # 跳转登陆。 @app.route('/denglu/', methods=['GET', 'POST']) # methods定义它有两种请求方式 def denglu(): if request.method == 'GET': return render_template('denglu.html') else: username = request.form.get('user') # post请求模式,安排对象接收数据 password = request.form.get('pass') user = User.query.filter(User.username == username).first() # 作查询,并判断 if user: # 判断用户名 if user.password == password: # 判断密码 session['user'] = username # 利用session添加传回来的值username session.permanent = True # 设置session过期的时间 return redirect(url_for('daohang')) else: return u'用户密码错误' else: return u'用户不存在,请先注册' @app.context_processor # 上下文处理器,定义变量然后在所有模板中都可以调用,类似idea中的model def mycontext(): user = session.get('user') if user: return {'username': user} # 包装到username,在所有html模板中可调用 else: return {} # 返回空字典,因为返回结果必须是dict # 跳转注销。 @app.route('/logout') def logout(): session.clear() # 注销时删除所有session return redirect(url_for('daohang')) # 跳转注册。 @app.route('/zhuce/', methods=['GET', 'POST']) # methods定义它有两种请求方式,因为它在表单的请求是post,类似我们在idea中的sava请求模式 def zhuce(): if request.method == 'GET': return render_template('zhuce.html') else: username = request.form.get('user') # post请求模式,安排对象接收数据 password = request.form.get('pass') nickname = request.form.get('nickname') user = User.query.filter(User.username == username).first() # 作查询,并判断 if user: return u'该用户已存在' else: user = User(username=username, password=password, nickname=nickname) # 将对象接收的数据赋到User类中,即存到数据库 db.session.add(user) # 执行操作 db.session.commit() return redirect(url_for('denglu')) # redirect重定向 # 定义decorator可以增强函数功能,装饰器本身是函数,入参是函数,返回值也是函数 def loginFirst(fabu): @wraps(fabu) # 加上wraps,它可以保留原有函数的__name__,docstring def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): # 定义wrapper函数将其返回,用*args, **kwargs把原函数的参数进行传递 if session.get('user'): # 只有经过登陆,session才能记住并get到值 return fabu(*args, **kwargs) else: return redirect(url_for('denglu')) return wrapper # 跳转图片。 @app.route('/tupian/') def tupian(): return render_template('tupian.html') # 跳转发布。 @app.route('/fabu/', methods=['GET', 'POST']) # methods定义它有两种请求方式 @loginFirst # 将decorator定义的增强函数放在待增强函数定义的上面 def fabu(): if request.method == 'GET': return render_template('fabu.html') else: title = request.form.get('title') # post请求模式,安排对象接收数据 detail = request.form.get('detail') author_id = User.query.filter(User.username == session.get('user')).first().id # 将session get到的user进行查询并取出id放到外键author_id中 fabu = Fabu(title=title, detail=detail, author_id=author_id) # 将对象接收的数据赋到Fabu类中,即存到数据库 db.session.add(fabu) # 执行操作 db.session.commit() # 提交到数据库 return redirect(url_for('daohang')) # redirect重定向 # 跳转发布详情 @app.route('/fabuview/<fabu_id>') # 和idea的update一样,将id带到控制器 def fabuview(fabu_id): fa = Fabu.query.filter(Fabu.id == fabu_id).first() # 根据id查询出整条元组记录,丢进fa return render_template('fabuview.html', fa=fa) # 把值fa丢进键fa,在fabuview.html页面调用 # 方法二: # fabu={ # 'fa':Fabu.query.filter(Fabu.id == fabu_id).first() # } # return render_template('fabuview.html',**fabu) if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(debug=True)
daohang.html:(首页)
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title> 首页 {% block denglutitle %}{% endblock %} {% block zhucetitle %}{% endblock %} {% block tupiantitle %}{% endblock %} {% block fabutitle %}{% endblock %} {% block fabu_viewtitle %}{% endblock %} </title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ url_for('static',filename='css/daohang.css') }}"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ url_for('static',filename='css/wenben.css') }}"> <script src="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script src="{{ url_for('static',filename='js/daohang.js') }}"></script> {% block dengluhead %}{% endblock %} {% block zhucehead %}{% endblock %} {% block tupianhead %}{% endblock %} {% block fabuhead %}{% endblock %} {% block fabu_viewhead %}{% endblock %} </head> <body id="mybody"> <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse" role="navigation"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="{{ url_for('daohang') }}">首页</a> </div> <div> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> {% if username %} <li><a href="#" onclick="">{{ username }}</a></li> <li><a href="{{ url_for('logout') }}" onclick=""><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-out"></span> 注销</a></li> {% else %} <li><a href="{{ url_for('denglu') }}" onclick=""><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-in"></span> 登陆</a> </li> <li><a href="{{ url_for('zhuce') }}" onclick=""><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> 注册</a></li> {% endif %} </ul> </div> <div style="float: right"> <img id="myonoff" onclick="mySwitch()" src="http://www.runoob.com/images/pic_bulbon.gif" style="width:40px"> </div> <div> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li><a href="{{ url_for('tupian') }}" onclick="">图片区</a></li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li><a href="{{ url_for('fabu') }}" onclick="">发布</a></li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"> 设置 <b class="caret"></b> </a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">收藏</a></li> <li><a href="#">分享</a></li> <li><a href="#">搜索</a></li> <li class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">点赞</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">||</a></li> </ul> </div> <div> <input type="text" name="sousuo" id="sousuo" placeholder="请输入内容"> <input type="button" value="搜索" class="btn btn-success" onclick=""> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-bottom" role="navigation"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li><img src="http://www.gzcc.cn/2016/images/footer1-logo.png"></li> <li style="color: bisque;">版权所有@lin</li> </ul> </nav> <div id="navtop"></div> <p class="text-center"> <script>document.write(Date())</script> </p> {% block daohangbody %} <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-2 column s1"> <h3> 标题3(以下是无序标签) </h3> <ul> <li> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet </li> <li> Consectetur adipiscing elit </li> <li> Integer molestie lorem at massa </li> <li> Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet </li> <li> Nulla volutpat aliquam velit </li> <li> Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel </li> <li> Aenean sit amet erat nunc </li> <li> Eget porttitor lorem </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-6 column s1"> <h3 class="text-center">发布</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> {% for foo in fabus %} <li class="list-group-item-success"> <a href="#">{{ foo.author.username }}</a> <h4 class="text-center"><a href="{{ url_for('fabuview',fabu_id=foo.id) }}">{{ foo.title }}</a></h4> <span class="badge pull-right">{{ foo.creat_time }}</span> <br> <p>{{ foo.detail }}</p> </li> {% endfor %} </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-4 column"> <ul class="nav nav-pills"> <li class="active"> <a href="#"> <span class="badge pull-right">42</span> Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="#"> <span class="badge pull-right">16</span> More</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> {% endblock %} </body> </html>
fabuview.html:(发布详情页)
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{% extends 'daohang.html' %} {% block fabu_viewtitle %}发布内容{% endblock %} {% block fabu_viewhead %} <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <script src="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> {% endblock %} {% block daohangbody %} <div class="col-md-2 column "></div> <div class="col-md-8 column "> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <h2 href="#" class="text-center">{{ fa.title }}</h2> <br> <p class="text-center"> <a href="#"> <small>{{ fa.author.username }}</small> </a>    <span class="pull-center"><small>{{ fa.creat_time }}</small></span> </p> <hr> <p>{{ fa.detail }}</p> <hr> <form> <div class="form-group"> <textarea name="comment" class="form-control" rows="5" id="comment" placeholder="请输入评论"></textarea> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">发送</button> </form> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2 column "></div> {% endblock %}