Centos7安装nagios并配置邮件报警

系统环境

Centos 7，全部按照Centos7最小化安装

所需软件包

存放在我的云盘中

配置开发环境

同步时间

把监控系统里的所有机器都同步一次网络时间（非常重要）

[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl # 该命令用来检查当前时间和时区
      Local time: 四 2017-03-09 15:55:25 CST
  Universal time: 四 2017-03-09 07:55:25 UTC
        RTC time: 四 2017-03-09 07:55:25
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl list-timezones # 该命令列出所有时区
[root@localhost ~]timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai # 该命令把时区设置为上海
[root@localhost ~]# ntpdate time.nist.gov # 同步网络时间，如果提示没有ntpdate命令，则安装ntp，并且配置系统自动更新时间
[root@localhost ~]# yum install ntp -y
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov
[root@localhost ~]# echo '#time sync'>>/var/spool/cron/root
[root@localhost ~]# echo '*/10**** /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov >/dev/null 2>&1'>>/var/spool/cron/root # 写入计划任务自动同步

关闭selinux

上传相关软件包

安装邮件服务

因为邮件报警服务需要安装mail功能

yum install -y mailx
yum install -y sendmail
启动服务：
systemctl restart sendmail.service
mail -s Test xxxxxx@qq.com
此时进入输入模式，输入完邮件内容后按ctrl + d退出并且发送

监控主机安装

安装nagios所需要的运行环境

yum install gcc glibc glibc-common -y
yum install php php-gd perl -y
yum install httpd gd gd-devel openssl openssl-devel -y
systemctl enable httpd.service # 设置apache开机启动

增加用户

useradd -m nagios
groupadd nagcmd
usermod -G nagcmd nagios
usermod -a -G nagcmd apache # 把apache用户添加到与nagios的一个组（apache用户会在安装apache时自动创建）

安装nagios

tar -zxf nagios-4.0.8.tar.gz
cd nagios-4.0.8
./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd
make all
make install
make install-init
make install-config
make install-commandmode
make install-webconf
[root@localhost nagios]# ls # 如果看到以下文件代表nagios安装完成
bin  etc  libexec  sbin  share  var

nagios设置

设置nagios告警信息的邮件地址，默认是本机的nagios用户。

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
define contact{
        contact_name                    nagiosadmin             ; Short name of user
        use                             generic-contact         ; Inherit default values from generic-contact tem
plate (defined above)
        alias                           Nagios Admin            ; Full name of user

        email                           xxxxxxx@qq.com        #更改为自己的邮箱地址        ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS *****
*
        }

创建一个登录nagios web程序的用户（用户名配置为nagiosadmin则不需要配置权限，设置为其他用户名就要配置权限），我在这里把用户名设置为yxyw，密码为yxyw@2017，这个用户帐号在以后通过web登录nagios认证时所用：
因为nagios默认把全部的权限给nagiosadmin，所以可以通过修改cgi.cfg文件赋予kylinlin权限，切换到/usr/local/nagios/etc目录下:

sed -i 's#nagiosadmin#yxyw#g' cgi.cfg # 这条命令将nagiosadmin用户名替换为kylinlin
grep yxyw cgi.cfg  # 这条命令检查是否修改成功
authorized_for_system_information=yxyw
authorized_for_configuration_information=yxyw
authorized_for_system_commands=yxyw
authorized_for_all_services=yxyw
authorized_for_all_hosts=yxyw
authorized_for_all_service_commands=yxyw
authorized_for_all_host_commands=yxyw

以上过程结束后需要重新启动httpd:

systemctl restart httpd.service
[root@localhost etc]# /etc/init.d/nagios checkconfig # 使用这个命令来检查语法
Running configuration check...
 OK.

安装插件

tar -zxf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
make
make install
ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/|wc -l # 查看安装了多少插件
chkconfig --add nagios  # 添加nagios至服务列表
chkconfig nagios on #   添加开机自启动
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  # 验证配置文件

启动nagios服务

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

之后可以在浏览器上访问链接：http://10.20.10.99 输入登陆名和密码，如果能够正常看到页面，证明主程序和插件都安装和配置成功！点击“Service”的链接来查看你本机的监视详情。此时可能需要给点时间让Nagios来检测你机器上所依赖的服务

安装nrpe

[root@localhost nrpe-2.15]# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios \
> --with-nrpe-group=nagios \
> --with-nagios-user=nagios \
> --with-nagios-group=nagios \
> --enable-command-args \
> --enable-ssl
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
make install-daemon-config
ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ |grep check_nrpe  # 检查一下/usr/local/nagios/libexec目录下是否已经安装了check_nrpe插件

监控机安装pnp4nagios

配置开发环境

yum install rrdtool librrds-perl -y
tar -zxf pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz
cd pnp4nagios-0.6.25
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
make all
make install
make install-webconf
make install-config
make install-init
cd ./sample-config
make install-webconf

配置pnp4nagios

cd /usr/local/pnp4nagios/etc/
mv misccommands.cfg-sample misccommands.cfg
mv rra.cfg-sample rra.cfg
mv nagios.cfg-sample nagios.cfg
cd pages/
mv web_traffic.cfg-sample web_traffic.cfg
cd ../check_commands/
mv check_all_local_disks.cfg-sample check_all_local_disks.cfg
mv check_nrpe.cfg-sample check_nrpe.cfg
mv check_nwstat.cfg-sample check_nwstat.cfg
/etc/init.d/npcd start
chkconfig npcd on
配置Nagios数据输出接口(以BULK模式运行)详情参考官网https://docs.pnp4nagios.org/pnp-0.6/config#bulk_mode：
vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
process_performance_data=1 # 默认为0，修改为1
# 并在该文件中添加下面的内容:
#

# service performance data

#

service_perfdata_file=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata

service_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::SERVICEPERFDATA\tTIMET::$TIMET$\tHOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$\tSERVICEDESC::$SERVICEDESC$\tSERVICEPERFDATA::$SERVICEPERFDATA$\tSERVICECHECKCOMMAND::$SERVICECHECKCOMMAND$\tHOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$\tHOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$\tSERVICESTATE::$SERVICESTATE$\tSERVICESTATETYPE::$SERVICESTATETYPE$

service_perfdata_file_mode=a

service_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15

service_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-service-perfdata-file

#

# host performance data starting with Nagios 3.0

#

host_perfdata_file=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata

host_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::HOSTPERFDATA\tTIMET::$TIMET$\tHOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$\tHOSTPERFDATA::$HOSTPERFDATA$\tHOSTCHECKCOMMAND::$HOSTCHECKCOMMAND$\tHOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$\tHOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$

host_perfdata_file_mode=a

host_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15

host_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-host-perfdata-file

配置command.cfg

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
# 在该文件中添加下面的内容
define command{

      command_name    process-service-perfdata-file

      command_line    /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl --bulk=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata

}

define command{

      command_name    process-host-perfdata-file

      command_line    /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl --bulk=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata

}

在模板配置文件中添加图表图标模板：

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
define host {

  name      host-pnp

  action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=_HOST_

  register  0

}

define service {

  name      service-pnp

  action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$

  register  0

}

在监控主机和服务中调用图表模板（在主机和服务后面添加新的模板）：

# 按下面的内容修改（不是添加）该文件
define host{

        use                    linux-server,host-pnp

        host_name              localhost

        alias                  localhost

        address                127.0.0.1

        }

define service{

        use                            local-service,service-pnp

        host_name                      localhost

        service_description            PING

        check_command          check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%

        }

define service{

        use                            local-service,service-pnp

        host_name                      localhost

        service_description            Root Partition

        check_command          check_local_disk!20%!10%!/

        }

重启nagios和apache

systemctl restart nagios.service
systemctl restart httpd.service

访问nagios界面即可看到图表小图标,点击图标会显示pnp4nagios测试页面

全是绿色代表配置正常，如果不是全绿，要逐个解决错误。然后移除或修改install.php文件：

mv /usr/local/pnp4nagios/share/install.php /usr/local/src/
再次点击图标就会显示当前监控服务由pnp4nagios生成的图表了：

邮件报警之利用mutt+msmtp实现邮件报警

编译安装

yum install mutt
wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/msmtp/msmtp/1.4.30/msmtp-1.4.30.tar.bz2
tar jxvf msmtp-1.4.30.tar.bz2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/msmtp
make
make install

配置msmstp信息

mkdir /usr/local/msmtp/etc
vim /usr/local/msmtp/etc/msmtprc # 添加如下内容：
# Set default values for all following accounts.
defaults

# 日志地址
logfile /usr/local/msmtp/msmtp.log

# 邮箱用户名
account lw845170

# SMTP邮件服务器地址
host smtp.163.com

# 发送的邮件Email
from xxxxx@163.com

auth login

# 端口

#port 25

tls off

# 邮件服务器登录帐号

user xxxxx@163.com
 
# 邮箱密码
 
password xxxxxxx
 
# 默认用户名

account default:xxxx 

由于password是明码，所以最好需要修改此文件的权限：chmod 600 etc/msmtprc

配置mutt信息

vim /etc/Muttrc # 在最后插入：
set from="xxxxx@163.com"
set sendmail="/usr/local/msmtp/bin/msmtp"
set use_from=yes
set realname="xxxxx"
set editor="vim"

修改文件权限以供nagios可以使用

setfacl -m u:nagios:rwx /usr/local/msmtp/bin/msmtp
setfacl -m u:nagios:rwx /usr/local/msmtp/etc/msmtprc
setfacl -m u:nagios:rwx /usr/local/msmtp/msmtp.log

测试

格式:echo "邮件内容" | mutt -s "邮件标题" 目标邮件地址
echo "This is a test mail" |mutt -s "hello" 764391557@qq.com

配置nagios邮件发送命令

修改nagios命令配置文件：

# 'notify-host-by-email' command definition
define command{
        command_name    notify-host-by-email
        command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost:
$HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /usr
/bin/mutt -s（修改） "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
        }

# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
        command_name    notify-service-by-email
        command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nServ
ice: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$
\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /usr/bin/mutt -s (修改)"** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$
SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
        }