1. 安装Nginx
| $ vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo |
| [nginx-stable] |
| name=nginx stable repo |
| baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/ |
| gpgcheck=0 |
| enabled=1 |
| $ yum install nginx -y |
| $ systemctl start nginx && systemctl enable nginx |
2. 使用第三方扩展epel源安装php7.2
| $ yum remove php-mysql-5.4 php php-fpm php-common |
| $ rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm |
| $ rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm |
| # Linux如果安不上，使用windows下载rpm包，再进行安装 |
| $ yum -y install php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72wembedded php72w-gd php72w-mbstring php72w-pdo php72w-xml php72w-fpm php72w-mysqlnd php72w-opcache |
| $ systemctl start php-fpm && systemctl start php-fpm |
3. 安装mysql
| $ rpm -ivh http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm |
| $ yum install mysql-community-server -y |
| $ systemctl start mysqld && systemctl enable mysqld |
| $ grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log |
| 2020-06-27T12:07:37.416944Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: av*!_iIuF1<* |
| # mysql登录需要查看该日志文件 |
| $ mysql -u root -p'av*!_iIuF1<*' |
| mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'MyNewPass4!'; |
| # 更改密码 |
4. 配置LNMP架构
4.1 配置nginx实现动态请求转发到php
| $ vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/php.conf |
| server { |
| server_name 192.168.1.1; |
| listen 80; |
| root /soft/code; |
| index index.php index.html; |
| |
| location ~ \.php$ { |
| fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; |
| fastcgi_index index.php; |
| fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /soft/code$fastcgi_script_name; |
| include fastcgi_params; |
| } |
| } |
4.2 添加php测试页面
| $ vim /soft/code/info.php |
| <?php |
| phpinfo(); |
| ?> |
4.3 使用mysqli模块连接mysql
| $ vim /soft/code/mysql.php |
| <?php |
| $servername = "localhost"; |
| $username = "root"; |
| $password = "MyNewPass4!"; |
| $conn = mysqli_connect($servername,$username,$password); |
| if (!$conn) { |
| die("Connection failed:" . mysqli_connect_error()); |
| } |
| echo "连接成功！" |
| ?> |
4.4 测试访问
5. Nginx的PHP原理
nginx fastcgi访问php
1.用户发送http请求报文给nginx服务器
2.nginx会根据文件url和后缀来判断请求
3.如果请求的是静态内容,nginx会将结果直接返回给用户
4.如果请求的是动态内容,nginx会将请求交给fastcgi客户端,通过fastcgi_pass将这个请求发给php-fpm
5.php-fpm收到请求后会通过本地监听的socket交给wrapper
6.wrapper收到请求会生成新的线程调用php动态程序解析服务器
7.如果用户请求的是博文、或者内容、PHP会请求MySQL查询结果
8.如果用户请求的是图片、附件、PHP会请求nfs存储查询结果
9.php会将查询到的结果交给Nginx
10.nginx会生成一个响应报文返还给用户
6.PHP配置文件优化
6.1 php-ini优化
| # 打开php的安全模式,控制php执行危险函数,默认是Off,改为On |
| sql.safe_mode = Off |
| # 关闭php头部信息,隐藏版本号,默认是On,该为Off |
| expose_php = On |
| # 错误信息输出控制 |
| display_error = Off |
| error_reporting = E_WARNING & E_ERROR |
| # 记录错误日志至后台,方便追溯 |
| log_errors = On |
| error_log = /var/log/php_error.log |
| # 每个脚本时间最大内存 |
| memory_limit = 128M |
| # 上传文件最大许可,默认2M,建议调整为16,32M |
| upload_max_filesize = 2M |
| # 禁止远程执行phpshell,默认On,建议Off |
| allow_url_fopen = On |
| # 时区调整,默认PRC,建议调整为Asia/Shanghai |
| date.timezone = PRC |
| # 整体优化后配置文件 |
| sql.safe_mode = Off |
| expose_php = Off |
| display_error = Off |
| error_reporting = E_WARNING & E_ERROR |
| log_errors = On |
| error_log = /var/log/php_error.log |
| upload_max_filesize = 50M |
| allow_url_fopen = Off |
| date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai |
6.2 php-fpm优化
PHP_FPM配置文件4核16G、8核16G
| $ cat /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf |
| [global] |
| pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid |
| #php-fpm程序错误日志 |
| error_log = /var/log/php/php-fpm.log |
| log_level = warning |
| rlimit_files = 655350 |
| events.mechanism = epoll |
| [www] |
| user = nginx |
| group = nginx |
| listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 |
| listen.owner = www |
| listen.group = www |
| listen.mode = 0660 |
| listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 |
| pm = dynamic |
| pm.max_children = 512 |
| pm.start_servers = 10 |
| pm.min_spare_servers = 10 |
| pm.max_spare_servers = 30 |
| pm.process_idle_timeout = 15s; |
| pm.max_requests = 2048 |
| #php-www模块错误日志 |
| php_flag[display_errors] = off |
| php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/php/php-www.log |
| php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on |
| #php慢查询日志 |
| request_slowlog_timeout = 5s |
| slowlog = /var/log/php/php-slow.log |
6.3 PHP5-FPM配置项详解
| [global] |
| # pid设置,记录程序启动后pid |
| pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid |
| # php-fpm程序启动错误日志路径 |
| error_log = /soft/log/php/php-fpm_error.log |
| # 错误级别，可级级别为: alert（必须⽴即处理,error（错误情况）, warning（警告情况）, notice（一般重要信息）,debug（调试信息），默认: notice |
| log_level = warning |
| # 设置文件打开描述符的rlimit限制. |
| rlimit_files = 65535 |
| events.mechanism = epoll |
| # 启动进程的用户和组 |
| [www] |
| user = www |
| group = www |
| # fpm监听端口 |
| listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 |
| # unix socket设置选项，如果使⽤tcp⽅式访问，这⾥注释即可。 |
| listen.owner = www |
| listen.group = www |
| # 允许访问FastCGI进程的IP，any不限制 |
| listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 |
| # pm设置动态调度 |
| pm = dynamic |
| # 同一时刻最大的php-fpm子进程数量 |
| pm.max_children = 200 |
| # 动态方式下的起始php-fpm进程数量 |
| pm.start_servers = 20 |
| # 动态方式下服务器空闲时最小php-fpm进程数量 |
| pm.min_spare_servers = 10 |
| # 动态方式下服务器空闲时最大php-fpm进程数量 |
| pm.max_spare_servers = 30 |
| # 最大请求 |
| pm.max_requests = 1024 |
| pm.process_idle_timeout = 15s; |
| # FPM状态页面,用于监控php-fpm状态使用 |
| pm.status_path = /status |
| # 错误日志 |
| php_flag[display_errors] = off |
| php_admin_value[error_log] = /soft/log/php/php-www_error.log |
| php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on |
| # 配置php慢查询, 以及慢查询记录⽇志位置 |
| request_slowlog_timeout = 5s |
| slowlog = /soft/log/php/php-slow.log |
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