使用WCF上传文件
在WCF没出现之前,我一直使用用WebService来上传文件,我不知道别人为什么要这么做,因为我们的文件服务器和网站后台和网站前台都不在同一个机器,操作人员觉得用FTP传文件太麻烦,我就做一个专门用来上传文件的WebService,把这个WebService部署在文件服务器上,然后在网站后台调用这个WebService,把网站后台页面上传上来的文件转化为字节流传给WebService,然后WebService把这个字节流保存文件到一个只允许静态页面的网站(静态网站可以防止一些脚本木马)。
WebService来上传文件存在的问题是效率不高,而且不能传输大数据量的文件,当然你可以用Wse中的MTOM来传输大文件,有了WCF就好多了,通过使用WCF传递Stream对象来传递大数据文件,但有一些限制:
WebService来上传文件存在的问题是效率不高,而且不能传输大数据量的文件,当然你可以用Wse中的MTOM来传输大文件,有了WCF就好多了,通过使用WCF传递Stream对象来传递大数据文件,但有一些限制:
1、只有 BasicHttpBinding、NetTcpBinding 和 NetNamedPipeBinding 支持传送流数据。
2、 流数据类型必须是可序列化的 Stream 或 MemoryStream。
3、 传递时消息体(Message Body)中不能包含其他数据。
4、TransferMode的限制和MaxReceivedMessageSize的限制等。
下面具体实现:新建一个WCFService,接口文件的代码如下:
[ServiceContract]
public interface IUpLoadService
{
[OperationContract(Action = "UploadFile", IsOneWay = true)]
void UploadFile(FileUploadMessage request);
}
[MessageContract]
public class FileUploadMessage
{
[MessageHeader(MustUnderstand = true)]
public string SavePath;
[MessageHeader(MustUnderstand = true)]
public string FileName;
[MessageBodyMember(Order = 1)]
public Stream FileData;
}
public interface IUpLoadService
{
[OperationContract(Action = "UploadFile", IsOneWay = true)]
void UploadFile(FileUploadMessage request);
}
[MessageContract]
public class FileUploadMessage
{
[MessageHeader(MustUnderstand = true)]
public string SavePath;
[MessageHeader(MustUnderstand = true)]
public string FileName;
[MessageBodyMember(Order = 1)]
public Stream FileData;
}
定义FileUploadMessage类的目的是因为第三个限制,要不然文件名和存放路径就没办法传递给WCF了,根据第二个限制,文件数据是用System.IO.Stream来传递的
接口方法只有一个,就是上传文件,注意方法参数是FileUploadMessage
接口实现类文件的代码如下:
public class UpLoadService : IUpLoadService
{
public void UploadFile(FileUploadMessage request)
{
string uploadFolder = @"C:\kkk\";
string savaPath = request.SavePath;
string dateString = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString() + @"\";
string fileName = request.FileName;
Stream sourceStream = request.FileData;
FileStream targetStream = null;
if (!sourceStream.CanRead)
{
throw new Exception("数据流不可读!");
}
if (savaPath == null) savaPath = @"Photo\";
if (!savaPath.EndsWith("\\")) savaPath += "\\";
uploadFolder = uploadFolder + savaPath + dateString;
if (!Directory.Exists(uploadFolder))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadFolder);
}
string filePath = Path.Combine(uploadFolder, fileName);
using (targetStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
{
//read from the input stream in 4K chunks
//and save to output stream
const int bufferLen = 4096;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLen];
int count = 0;
while ((count = sourceStream.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLen)) > 0)
{
targetStream.Write(buffer, 0, count);
}
targetStream.Close();
sourceStream.Close();
}
}
}
{
public void UploadFile(FileUploadMessage request)
{
string uploadFolder = @"C:\kkk\";
string savaPath = request.SavePath;
string dateString = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString() + @"\";
string fileName = request.FileName;
Stream sourceStream = request.FileData;
FileStream targetStream = null;
if (!sourceStream.CanRead)
{
throw new Exception("数据流不可读!");
}
if (savaPath == null) savaPath = @"Photo\";
if (!savaPath.EndsWith("\\")) savaPath += "\\";
uploadFolder = uploadFolder + savaPath + dateString;
if (!Directory.Exists(uploadFolder))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadFolder);
}
string filePath = Path.Combine(uploadFolder, fileName);
using (targetStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
{
//read from the input stream in 4K chunks
//and save to output stream
const int bufferLen = 4096;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLen];
int count = 0;
while ((count = sourceStream.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLen)) > 0)
{
targetStream.Write(buffer, 0, count);
}
targetStream.Close();
sourceStream.Close();
}
}
}
实现的功能是到指定目录下按照日期进行目录划分,然后以传过来的文件名保存文件。
这篇文章最主要的地方就是下面的Web.Config配置:
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<basicHttpBinding>
<binding name="FileTransferServicesBinding" maxReceivedMessageSize="9223372036854775807"
messageEncoding="Mtom" transferMode="Streamed" sendTimeout="00:10:00" />
</basicHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<services>
<service behaviorConfiguration="UploadWcfService.UpLoadServiceBehavior"
name="UploadWcfService.UpLoadService">
<endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="FileTransferServicesBinding" contract="UploadWcfService.IUpLoadService">
</endpoint>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="UploadWcfService.UpLoadServiceBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<basicHttpBinding>
<binding name="FileTransferServicesBinding" maxReceivedMessageSize="9223372036854775807"
messageEncoding="Mtom" transferMode="Streamed" sendTimeout="00:10:00" />
</basicHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<services>
<service behaviorConfiguration="UploadWcfService.UpLoadServiceBehavior"
name="UploadWcfService.UpLoadService">
<endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="FileTransferServicesBinding" contract="UploadWcfService.IUpLoadService">
</endpoint>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="UploadWcfService.UpLoadServiceBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
配置要遵循上面的第一条和第四条限制,因为默认.net只能传4M的文件,所以要在
<System.Web>配置节下面加上<httpRuntimemaxRequestLength="2097151" />
这样WCFService就完成了,新建一个Console项目或者Web项目测试一下。要注意的
是Client端的配置必须要和服务端一样,实例程序在这里下载。