python+turtle 笔记
用Python+turtle绘制佩琪:
from turtle import * def nose(x,y):#鼻子 penup()#提起笔 goto(x,y)#定位 pendown()#落笔,开始画 setheading(-30)#将乌龟的方向设置为to_angle/为数字(0-东、90-北、180-西、270-南) begin_fill()#准备开始填充图形 a=0.4 for i in range(120): if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90: a=a+0.08 left(3) #向左转3度 forward(a) #向前走a的步长 else: a=a-0.08 left(3) forward(a) end_fill()#填充完成 penup() setheading(90) forward(25) setheading(0) forward(10) pendown() pencolor(255,155,192)#画笔颜色 setheading(10) begin_fill() circle(5) color(160,82,45)#返回或设置pencolor和fillcolor end_fill() penup() setheading(0) forward(20) pendown() pencolor(255,155,192) setheading(10) begin_fill() circle(5) color(160,82,45) end_fill() def head(x,y):#头 color((255,155,192),"pink") penup() goto(x,y) setheading(0) pendown() begin_fill() setheading(180) circle(300,-30) circle(100,-60) circle(80,-100) circle(150,-20) circle(60,-95) setheading(161) circle(-300,15) penup() goto(-100,100) pendown() setheading(-30) a=0.4 for i in range(60): if 0<=i<30 or 60<=i<90: a=a+0.08 lt(3) #向左转3度 fd(a) #向前走a的步长 else: a=a-0.08 lt(3) fd(a) end_fill() def ears(x,y): #耳朵 color((255,155,192),"pink") penup() goto(x,y) pendown() begin_fill() setheading(100) circle(-50,50) circle(-10,120) circle(-50,54) end_fill() penup() setheading(90) forward(-12) setheading(0) forward(30) pendown() begin_fill() setheading(100) circle(-50,50) circle(-10,120) circle(-50,56) end_fill() def eyes(x,y):#眼睛 color((255,155,192),"white") penup() setheading(90) forward(-20) setheading(0) forward(-95) pendown() begin_fill() circle(15) end_fill() color("black") penup() setheading(90) forward(12) setheading(0) forward(-3) pendown() begin_fill() circle(3) end_fill() color((255,155,192),"white") penup() seth(90) forward(-25) seth(0) forward(40) pendown() begin_fill() circle(15) end_fill() color("black") penup() setheading(90) forward(12) setheading(0) forward(-3) pendown() begin_fill() circle(3) end_fill() def cheek(x,y):#腮 color((255,155,192)) penup() goto(x,y) pendown() setheading(0) begin_fill() circle(30) end_fill() def mouth(x,y): #嘴 color(239,69,19) penup() goto(x,y) pendown() setheading(-80) circle(30,40) circle(40,80) def body(x,y):#身体 color("red",(255,99,71)) penup() goto(x,y) pendown() begin_fill() setheading(-130) circle(100,10) circle(300,30) setheading(0) forward(230) setheading(90) circle(300,30) circle(100,3) color((255,155,192),(255,100,100)) setheading(-135) circle(-80,63) circle(-150,24) end_fill() def hands(x,y):#手 color((255,155,192)) penup() goto(x,y) pendown() setheading(-160) circle(300,15) penup() setheading(90) forward(15) setheading(0) forward(0) pendown() setheading(-10) circle(-20,90) penup() setheading(90) forward(30) setheading(0) forward(237) pendown() setheading(-20) circle(-300,15) penup() setheading(90) forward(20) setheading(0) forward(0) pendown() setheading(-170) circle(20,90) def foot(x,y):#脚 pensize(10) color((240,128,128)) penup() goto(x,y) pendown() setheading(-90) forward(40) setheading(-180) color("black") pensize(15) fd(20) pensize(10) color((240,128,128)) penup() setheading(90) forward(40) setheading(0) forward(90) pendown() setheading(-90) forward(40) setheading(-180) color("black") pensize(15) fd(20) def tail(x,y):#尾巴 pensize(4) color((255,155,192)) penup() goto(x,y) pendown() seth(0) circle(70,20) circle(10,330) circle(70,30) def setting(): #参数设置 pensize(4) hideturtle() #使乌龟无形(隐藏) colormode(255) #将其设置为1.0或255.随后 颜色三元组的r,g,b值必须在0 .. cmode范围内 color((255,155,192),"pink") setup(840,500) speed(10) def main(): setting() #画布、画笔设置 nose(-100,100) #鼻子 head(-69,167) #头 ears(0,160) #耳朵 eyes(0,140) #眼睛 cheek(80,10) #腮 mouth(-20,30) #嘴 body(-32,-8) #身体 hands(-56,-45) #手 foot(2,-177) #脚 tail(148,-155) #尾巴 done() if __name__ == '__main__': main()
用Python+turtle库绘制动画重现龟兔赛跑现场:
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.font_manager as fm t=np.arange(0,120,0.5) rabbit=np.piecewise(t, [t<10,t>110], [lambda x:15*x, lambda x:20*(x-110)+150, lambda x:150] ) tortoise=3*t plt.plot(t,tortoise,label='乌龟') plt.plot(t,rabbit,label='兔子') plt.title('龟兔赛跑',fontpropertise='STKAITI',fontsize=24) plt.xlabel('时间(秒)',fontpropertise='STKAITI',fontsize=18) plt.ylabel('与起点的距离(米)',fontpropertise='simbei',fontsize=18) plt.show()
绘制交互式绘图小海龟:
绘制玫瑰花:
from turtle import * #global pen and speed pencolor("black") fillcolor("red") speed(50) s=0.15 #init poistion penup() goto(0,600*s) pendown() begin_fill() circle(200*s,30) for i in range(60): lt(1) circle(50*s,1) circle(200*s,30) for i in range(4): lt(1) circle(100*s,1) circle(200*s,50) for i in range(50): lt(1) circle(50*s,1) circle(350*s,65) for i in range(40): lt(1) circle(70*s,1) circle(150*s,50) for i in range(20): rt(1) circle(50*s,1) circle(400*s,60) for i in range(18): lt(1) circle(50*s,1) fd(250*s) rt(150) circle(-500*s,12) lt(140) circle(550*s,110) lt(27) circle(650*s,100) lt(130) circle(-300*s,20) rt(123) circle(220*s,57) end_fill() lt(120) fd(280*s) lt(115) circle(300*s,33) lt(180) circle(-300*s,33) for i in range(70): rt(1) circle(225*s,1) circle(350*s,104) lt(90) circle(200*s,105) circle(-500*s,63) penup() goto(170*s,-330*s) pendown() lt(160) for i in range(20): lt(1) circle(2500*s,1) for i in range(220): rt(1) circle(250*s,1) fillcolor('green') penup() goto(670*s,-480*s) pendown() rt(140) begin_fill() circle(300*s,120) lt(60) circle(300*s,120) end_fill() penup() goto(180*s,-850*s) pendown() rt(85) circle(600*s,40) penup() goto(-150*s,-1300*s) pendown() begin_fill() rt(120) circle(300*s,115) lt(75) circle(300*s,100) end_fill() penup() goto(430*s,-1370*s) pendown() rt(30) circle(-600*s,35) done()
画太阳花:
from turtle import * color('red','yellow') begin_fill() while True: forward(200) left(170) if abs(pos())<1: break end_fill() done()