(准备)
CREATE DATABASE db2; CREATE TABLE dept( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20) ); INSERT INTO dept (NAME) VALUES('开发部'),('市场部'),('财务部'); CREATE TABLE emp( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(10), gender CHAR(1), salary DOUBLE, join_date DATE, dept_id INT, FOREIGN KEY (dept_id) REFERENCES dept(id) ); INSERT INTO emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('qqq','男',7500.0,'2019-02-01',1); INSERT INTO emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('谢自','女',7200.0,'2011-02-01',2); INSERT INTO emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('马天','女',10000.0,'2011-02-01',3); INSERT INTO emp(NAME,gender,
1.内连接查询
笛卡尔乘积:取两个集合的所有组合情况。
SELECT * FROM emp,dept;
完成多表查询需要消除无用数据。
SELECT * FROM emp,dept WHERE emp.`dept_id` = dept.`id`;
SELECT emp.`name`,emp.`gender`,dept.`name` AS name2 FROM emp,dept WHERE emp.`dept_id` = dept.`id`;
2.显式内连接:
SELECT * FROM emp JOIN dept ON emp.`dept_id` = dept.`id`;
3。外连接
左外连接:查询左表的所有记录以及交集部分
SELECT t1.*,t2.`name` FROM emp t1 LEFT JOIN dept t2 ON t1.`dept_id` = t2.`id`;
右外连接:查询有表的所有记录以及交集部分
SELECT t1.*,t2.`name` FROM emp t1 RIGHT JOIN dept t2 ON t1.`dept_id` = t2.`id`;
3.子查询
查询中的嵌套查询
#查询工资最高的员工
SELECT MAX(emp.`salary`) FROM emp;
#查询工资等于表中最大的
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE emp.`salary` = (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM emp);
#查询多行
#查询财务部和市场部的所有信息
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE dept_id IN (SELECT id FROM dept WHERE NAME = '财务部' OR NAME = '市场部');