Mybatis插件原理

MyBatis提供了一种插件(plugin)的功能,虽然叫做插件,但其实这是拦截器功能。那么拦截器拦截MyBatis中的哪些内容呢?

我们进入官网看一看:

MyBatis 允许你在已映射语句执行过程中的某一点进行拦截调用。默认情况下,MyBatis 允许使用插件来拦截的方法调用包括:

  1. Executor (update, query, flushStatements, commit, rollback, getTransaction, close, isClosed)
  2. ParameterHandler (getParameterObject, setParameters)
  3. ResultSetHandler (handleResultSets, handleOutputParameters)
  4. StatementHandler (prepare, parameterize, batch, update, query)

我们看到了可以拦截Executor接口的部分方法,比如update,query,commit,rollback等方法,还有其他接口的一些方法等。

总体概括为:

  1. 拦截执行器的方法
  2. 拦截参数的处理
  3. 拦截结果集的处理
  4. 拦截Sql语法构建的处理

插件的使用

Interceptor

拦截器介绍及配置

首先我们看下MyBatis拦截器的接口定义:

/**
 * 拦截器接口
 * @author Clinton Begin
 */
public interface Interceptor {

  /**
   * 执行拦截逻辑的方法
   *
   * @param invocation 调用信息
   * @return 调用结果
   * @throws Throwable 异常
   */
  Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable;

  /**
   * 代理类
   *
   * @param target
   * @return
   */
  default Object plugin(Object target) {
    return Plugin.wrap(target, this);
  }

  /**
   * 根据配置来初始化 Interceptor 方法
   * @param properties
   */
  default void setProperties(Properties properties) {
    // NOP
  }

}

比较简单,只有3个方法。 MyBatis默认没有一个拦截器接口的实现类,开发者们可以实现符合自己需求的拦截器。

下面的MyBatis官网的一个拦截器实例:

import org.apache.ibatis.executor.Executor;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Interceptor;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Intercepts;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Invocation;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Signature;
import java.util.Properties;

@Intercepts({@Signature(
  type = Executor.class,
  method = "update",
  args = {MappedStatement.class, Object.class})})
public class ExamplePlugin implements Interceptor {
  public Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {
    return invocation.proceed();
  }

  public Object plugin(Object target) {
    return Plugin.wrap(target, this);
  }

  public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
  }
}

全局xml配置:

<plugins>
    <plugin interceptor="org.format.mybatis.cache.interceptor.ExamplePlugin"></plugin>
</plugins>

这个拦截器拦截Executor接口的update方法(其实也就是SqlSession的新增,删除,修改操作),所有执行executor的update方法都会被该拦截器拦截到。

源码分析

下面我们分析一下这段代码背后的源码。

首先从源头->配置文件开始分析:

XMLConfigBuilder解析MyBatis全局配置文件的pluginElement私有方法:

private void pluginElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {
    if (parent != null) {
      for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
        String interceptor = child.getStringAttribute("interceptor");
        Properties properties = child.getChildrenAsProperties();
        Interceptor interceptorInstance = (Interceptor) resolveClass(interceptor).newInstance();
        interceptorInstance.setProperties(properties);
        configuration.addInterceptor(interceptorInstance);
      }
    }
}

具体的解析代码其实比较简单,就不贴了,主要就是通过反射实例化plugin节点中的interceptor属性表示的类。然后调用全局配置类Configuration的addInterceptor方法。

public void addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {
       interceptorChain.addInterceptor(interceptor);
     }

interceptorChain

这个interceptorChain是Configuration的内部属性,类型为InterceptorChain,也就是一个拦截器链,我们来看下它的定义:

public class InterceptorChain {

  private final List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();

  public Object pluginAll(Object target) {
    for (Interceptor interceptor : interceptors) {
      target = interceptor.plugin(target);
    }
    return target;
  }

  public void addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {
    interceptors.add(interceptor);
  }

  public List<Interceptor> getInterceptors() {
    return Collections.unmodifiableList(interceptors);
  }

}

现在我们理解了拦截器配置的解析以及拦截器的归属,现在我们回过头看下为何拦截器会拦截这些方法(Executor,ParameterHandler,ResultSetHandler,StatementHandler的部分方法):

//ParameterHandler
public ParameterHandler newParameterHandler(MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, BoundSql boundSql) {
    ParameterHandler parameterHandler = mappedStatement.getLang().createParameterHandler(mappedStatement, parameterObject, boundSql);
     //执行拦截器链路
    parameterHandler = (ParameterHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(parameterHandler);
    return parameterHandler;
}

//ResultSetHandler
public ResultSetHandler newResultSetHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, RowBounds rowBounds, ParameterHandler parameterHandler,
  ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
    ResultSetHandler resultSetHandler = new DefaultResultSetHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterHandler, resultHandler, boundSql, rowBounds);
     //执行拦截器链路
    resultSetHandler = (ResultSetHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(resultSetHandler);
    return resultSetHandler;
}

//StatementHandler
public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
    StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
     //执行拦截器链路
    statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler);
    return statementHandler;
}

//Executor
public Executor newExecutor(Transaction transaction, ExecutorType executorType, boolean autoCommit) {
    executorType = executorType == null ? defaultExecutorType : executorType;
    executorType = executorType == null ? ExecutorType.SIMPLE : executorType;
    Executor executor;
    if (ExecutorType.BATCH == executorType) {
      executor = new BatchExecutor(this, transaction);
    } else if (ExecutorType.REUSE == executorType) {
      executor = new ReuseExecutor(this, transaction);
    } else {
      executor = new SimpleExecutor(this, transaction);
    }
    if (cacheEnabled) {
      executor = new CachingExecutor(executor, autoCommit);
    }
    //执行拦截器链路
    executor = (Executor) interceptorChain.pluginAll(executor);
    return executor;
}

以上4个方法都是Configuration的方法。这些方法在MyBatis的一个操作(新增,删除,修改,查询)中都会被执行到,

执行的先后顺序是Executor,ParameterHandler,ResultSetHandler,StatementHandler(其中ParameterHandler和ResultSetHandler的创建是在创建StatementHandler[3个可用的实现类CallableStatementHandler,PreparedStatementHandler,SimpleStatementHandler]的时候,其构造函数调用的[这3个实现类的构造函数其实都调用了父类BaseStatementHandler的构造函数])。

这4个方法实例化了对应的对象之后,都会调用interceptorChain的pluginAll方法,InterceptorChain的pluginAll刚才已经介绍过了,就是遍历所有的拦截器,然后调用各个拦截器的plugin方法。注意:拦截器的plugin方法的返回值会直接被赋值给原先的对象

由于可以拦截StatementHandler,这个接口主要处理sql语法的构建,因此比如分页的功能,可以用拦截器实现,只需要在拦截器的plugin方法中处理StatementHandler接口实现类中的sql即可,可使用反射实现。

@Intercepts

@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
public @interface Intercepts {
  //Intercepts 注解中是 Signature 注解的数组。
  Signature[] value();
}

@Signature

/**
 * 方法签名信息
 * @author Clinton Begin
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({})
public @interface Signature {

  /**
   * 需要拦截的类型
   *
   * @return
   */
  Class<?> type();

  /**
   * 需要拦截的方法
   * @return
   */
  String method();

  /**
   * 被拦截方法的参数列表
   *
   * @return
   */
  Class<?>[] args();
}

Plugin

public class Plugin implements InvocationHandler {

  private final Object target;
  private final Interceptor interceptor;
  private final Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap;

  private Plugin(Object target, Interceptor interceptor, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {
    this.target = target;
    this.interceptor = interceptor;
    this.signatureMap = signatureMap;
  }

  public static Object wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor) {
    Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = getSignatureMap(interceptor);
    Class<?> type = target.getClass();
    Class<?>[] interfaces = getAllInterfaces(type, signatureMap);
    if (interfaces.length > 0) {
      return Proxy.newProxyInstance(
          type.getClassLoader(),
          interfaces,
          new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap));
    }
    return target;
  }

  @Override
  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
    try {
      Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(method.getDeclaringClass());
      if (methods != null && methods.contains(method)) {
        return interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));
      }
      return method.invoke(target, args);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(e);
    }
  }

  private static Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> getSignatureMap(Interceptor interceptor) {
    Intercepts interceptsAnnotation = interceptor.getClass().getAnnotation(Intercepts.class);
    // issue #251
    if (interceptsAnnotation == null) {
      throw new PluginException("No @Intercepts annotation was found in interceptor " + interceptor.getClass().getName());
    }
    Signature[] sigs = interceptsAnnotation.value();
    Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = new HashMap<>();
    for (Signature sig : sigs) {
      Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.computeIfAbsent(sig.type(), k -> new HashSet<>());
      try {
        Method method = sig.type().getMethod(sig.method(), sig.args());
        methods.add(method);
      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        throw new PluginException("Could not find method on " + sig.type() + " named " + sig.method() + ". Cause: " + e, e);
      }
    }
    return signatureMap;
  }

  private static Class<?>[] getAllInterfaces(Class<?> type, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {
    Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<>();
    while (type != null) {
      for (Class<?> c : type.getInterfaces()) {
        if (signatureMap.containsKey(c)) {
          interfaces.add(c);
        }
      }
      type = type.getSuperclass();
    }
    return interfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[interfaces.size()]);
  }

}

MyBatis还提供了 @Intercepts和 @Signature关于拦截器的注解。官网的例子就是使用了这2个注解,还包括了Plugin类的使用:

@Override
public Object plugin(Object target) {
    return Plugin.wrap(target, this);
}

下面我们就分析这3个 "新组合" 的源码,首先先看Plugin类的wrap方法:

public static Object wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor) {
    Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = getSignatureMap(interceptor);
    Class<?> type = target.getClass();
    Class<?>[] interfaces = getAllInterfaces(type, signatureMap);
    if (interfaces.length > 0) {
      return Proxy.newProxyInstance(
          type.getClassLoader(),
          interfaces,
          new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap));
    }
    return target;
}

Plugin类实现了InvocationHandler接口,很明显,我们看到这里返回了一个JDK自身提供的动态代理类。我们解剖一下这个方法调用的其他方法:

getSignatureMap方法:

private static Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> getSignatureMap(Interceptor interceptor) {
	//拿到拦截器这个类的 @Interceptors注解
    Intercepts interceptsAnnotation = interceptor.getClass().getAnnotation(Intercepts.class);
    if (interceptsAnnotation == null) { // issue #251
      throw new PluginException("No @Intercepts annotation was found in interceptor " + interceptor.getClass().getName());      
    }
    //拿到这个注解的属性 @Signature注解集合
    Signature[] sigs = interceptsAnnotation.value();
    Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Set<Method>>();
    //然后遍历这个集合
    for (Signature sig : sigs) {
    	//拿出 @Signature注解的type属性(Class类型),根据这个type得到带有method属性和args属性的Method
      Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(sig.type());
      if (methods == null) {
        methods = new HashSet<Method>();
        signatureMap.put(sig.type(), methods);
      }
      try {
        Method method = sig.type().getMethod(sig.method(), sig.args());
        methods.add(method);
      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        throw new PluginException("Could not find method on " + sig.type() + " named " + sig.method() + ". Cause: " + e, e);
      }
    }
    //最终会返回一个以type为key,value为Set的Map。 
    return signatureMap;
}

getSignatureMap方法解释:

首先会拿到拦截器这个类的 @Interceptors注解,然后拿到这个注解的属性 @Signature注解集合,然后遍历这个集合,遍历的时候拿出 @Signature注解的type属性(Class类型),然后根据这个type得到带有method属性和args属性的Method。由于 @Interceptors注解的 @Signature属性是一个属性,所以最终会返回一个以type为key,value为Set的Map。

@Intercepts(
  {
    @Signature(
    type = Executor.class,
    method = "update",
    args = {MappedStatement.class, Object.class}
  )
  }
  )

比如这个 @Interceptors注解会返回一个key为Executor,value为集合(这个集合只有一个元素,也就是Method实例,这个Method实例就是Executor接口的update方法,且这个方法带有MappedStatement和Object类型的参数)。这个Method实例是根据 @Signature的method和args属性得到的。如果args参数跟type类型的method方法对应不上,那么将会抛出异常。

getAllInterfaces方法:

private static Class<?>[] getAllInterfaces(Class<?> type, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {
    Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
    while (type != null) {
      for (Class<?> c : type.getInterfaces()) {
        if (signatureMap.containsKey(c)) {
          interfaces.add(c);
        }
      }
      type = type.getSuperclass();
    }
    return interfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[interfaces.size()]);
}

getAllInterfaces方法解释:根据目标实例target(这个target就是之前所说的MyBatis拦截器可以拦截的类,Executor,ParameterHandler,ResultSetHandler,StatementHandler)和它的父类们,返回signatureMap中含有target实现的接口数组。

所以Plugin这个类的作用就是根据 @Interceptors注解,得到这个注解的属性 @Signature数组,然后根据每个 @Signature注解的type,method,args属性使用反射找到对应的Method。最终根据调用的target对象实现的接口决定是否返回一个代理对象替代原先的target对象。

比如MyBatis官网的例子,当Configuration调用newExecutor方法的时候,由于Executor接口的update(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter)方法被拦截器被截获。因此最终返回的是一个代理类Plugin,而不是Executor。这样调用方法的时候,如果是个代理类,那么会执行:

public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
    try {
      Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(method.getDeclaringClass());
      if (methods != null && methods.contains(method)) {
        return interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));
      }
      return method.invoke(target, args);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(e);
    }
}

没错,如果找到对应的方法被代理之后,那么会执行Interceptor接口的interceptor方法。

Invocation

这个Invocation类如下:

public class Invocation {

  private final Object target;
  private final Method method;
  private final Object[] args;

  public Invocation(Object target, Method method, Object[] args) {
    this.target = target;
    this.method = method;
    this.args = args;
  }

  public Object getTarget() {
    return target;
  }

  public Method getMethod() {
    return method;
  }

  public Object[] getArgs() {
    return args;
  }

  public Object proceed() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
    return method.invoke(target, args);
  }

}

它的proceed方法也就是调用原先方法(不走代理)。

总结

MyBatis拦截器接口提供的3个方法中,plugin方法用于某些处理器(Handler)的构建过程。interceptor方法用于处理代理类的执行。setProperties方法用于拦截器属性的设置。

其实MyBatis官网提供的使用 @Interceptors和 @Signature注解以及Plugin类这样处理拦截器的方法,我们不一定要直接这样使用。我们也可以抛弃这3个类,直接在plugin方法内部根据target实例的类型做相应的操作。

总体来说MyBatis拦截器还是很简单的,拦截器本身不需要太多的知识点,但是学习拦截器需要对MyBatis中的各个接口很熟悉,因为拦截器涉及到了各个接口的知识点。

自定义分页插件

Page

public class Page {

    private int offset;

    private int limit;

    public Page(int offset, int limit) {
        this.offset = offset;
        this.limit = limit;
    }

    public int getOffset() {
        return offset;
    }

    public void setOffset(int offset) {
        this.offset = offset;
    }

    public int getLimit() {
        return limit;
    }

    public void setLimit(int limit) {
        this.limit = limit;
    }
}

PageUtil

//在实际的使用过程中, 用户只需要再调用之前使用 PageUtil#setPagingParam 方法来进行分页参数的传递即可。 后续无需进行处理。
public class PageUtil {

    private static final ThreadLocal<Page> LOCAL_PAGE = new ThreadLocal<Page>();

    public static void setPagingParam(int offset, int limit) {
        Page page = new Page(offset, limit);
        LOCAL_PAGE.set(page);
    }

    public static void removePagingParam() {
        LOCAL_PAGE.remove();
    }

    public static Page getPaingParam() {
        return LOCAL_PAGE.get();
    }

}

PageInterceptor

import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.builder.StaticSqlSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.Executor;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.*;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;

import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * 分页插件
 */
@Intercepts({
        @Signature(
                type = Executor.class,
                method = "query",
                args = {MappedStatement.class, Object.class, RowBounds.class, ResultHandler.class}
        )
})
public class PageInterceptor implements Interceptor {

    //第一个参数是MappedStatement
    private static int MAPPEDSTATEMENT_INDEX = 0;

    //第二个参数是sql的参数 Object parameter
    private static int PARAMETER_INDEX = 1;

    private static int ROWBOUNDS_INDEX = 2;

    @Override
    public Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {

        // 从 Invocation 中获取参数
        final Object[] queryArgs = invocation.getArgs();
        //第一个参数是MappedStatement
        final MappedStatement ms = (MappedStatement) queryArgs[MAPPEDSTATEMENT_INDEX];
        final Object parameter = queryArgs[PARAMETER_INDEX];

        //  获取分页参数
        Page paingParam = PageUtil.getPaingParam();
        if (paingParam != null) {

            // 构造新的 sql, select xxx from xxx where yyy limit offset,limit
            final BoundSql boundSql = ms.getBoundSql(parameter);
            String pagingSql = getPagingSql(boundSql.getSql(), paingParam.getOffset(), paingParam.getLimit());

            // 设置新的 MappedStatement
            BoundSql newBoundSql = new BoundSql(ms.getConfiguration(), pagingSql,
                    boundSql.getParameterMappings(), boundSql.getParameterObject());
            MappedStatement mappedStatement = newMappedStatement(ms, newBoundSql);
            queryArgs[MAPPEDSTATEMENT_INDEX] = mappedStatement;

            // 重置 RowBound
            queryArgs[ROWBOUNDS_INDEX] = new RowBounds(RowBounds.NO_ROW_OFFSET, RowBounds.NO_ROW_LIMIT);
        }
        Object result = invocation.proceed();
        PageUtil.removePagingParam();
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Object plugin(Object o) {
        return Plugin.wrap(o, this);
    }

    @Override
    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {

    }

    /**
     * 创建 MappedStatement
     * @param ms
     * @param newBoundSql
     * @return
     */
    private MappedStatement newMappedStatement(MappedStatement ms, BoundSql newBoundSql) {
        MappedStatement.Builder builder = new MappedStatement.Builder(ms.getConfiguration(), ms.getId(),
                //new BoundSqlSource(newBoundSql), ms.getSqlCommandType());
        new StaticSqlSource(ms.getConfiguration(),newBoundSql.getSql()), ms.getSqlCommandType());
        builder.keyColumn(delimitedArrayToString(ms.getKeyColumns()));
        builder.keyGenerator(ms.getKeyGenerator());
        builder.keyProperty(delimitedArrayToString(ms.getKeyProperties()));
        builder.lang(ms.getLang());
        builder.resource(ms.getResource());
        builder.parameterMap(ms.getParameterMap());
        builder.resultMaps(ms.getResultMaps());
        builder.resultOrdered(ms.isResultOrdered());
        builder.resultSets(delimitedArrayToString(ms.getResultSets()));
        builder.resultSetType(ms.getResultSetType());
        builder.timeout(ms.getTimeout());
        builder.statementType(ms.getStatementType());
        builder.useCache(ms.isUseCache());
        builder.cache(ms.getCache());
        builder.databaseId(ms.getDatabaseId());
        builder.fetchSize(ms.getFetchSize());
        builder.flushCacheRequired(ms.isFlushCacheRequired());
        return builder.build();
    }

    public String getPagingSql(String sql, int offset, int limit) {
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(sql.length() + 100);
        result.append(sql).append(" limit ");
        if (offset > 0) {
            result.append(offset).append(",").append(limit);
        }else{
            result.append(limit);
        }
        return result.toString();
    }

    public String delimitedArrayToString(String[] array) {
        if (array == null || array.length == 0) {
            return "";
        }
        String joinStr = StrUtil.join(",", array);
        return joinStr;
    }
}

自定义分页插件使用

PageUtil.setPagingParam(1,2);
List<User> users2 = mapper.selectList();
System.out.println(users2.size());
posted on 2022-03-08 22:40  路仁甲  阅读(236)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报