Redis 内存管理与事件处理
1 Redis内存管理
Redis内存管理相关文件为zmalloc.c/zmalloc.h,其只是对C中内存管理函数做了简单的封装,屏蔽了底层平台的差异,并增加了内存使用情况统计的功能。
void *zmalloc(size_t size) { // 多申请的一部分内存用于存储当前分配了多少自己的内存 void *ptr = malloc(size+PREFIX_SIZE); if (!ptr) zmalloc_oom_handler(size); #ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_SIZE update_zmalloc_stat_alloc(zmalloc_size(ptr)); return ptr; #else *((size_t*)ptr) = size; // 内存分配统计 update_zmalloc_stat_alloc(size+PREFIX_SIZE); return (char*)ptr+PREFIX_SIZE; #endif }
内存布局图示:
2 事件处理
Redis的事件类型分为时间事件和文件事件,文件事件也就是网络连接事件。时间事件的处理是在epoll_wait返回处理文件事件后处理的,每次epoll_wait的超时时间都是Redis最近的一个定时器时间。
Redis在进行事件处理前,首先会进行初始化,初始化的主要逻辑在main/initServer函数中。初始化流程主要做的工作如下:
- 设置信号回调函数。
- 创建事件循环机制,即调用epoll_create。
- 创建服务监听端口,创建定时事件,并将这些事件添加到事件机制中。
void initServer(void) { int j; // 设置信号对应的处理函数 signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); setupSignalHandlers(); ... createSharedObjects(); adjustOpenFilesLimit(); // 创建事件循环机制,及调用epoll_create创建epollfd用于事件监听 server.el = aeCreateEventLoop(server.maxclients+CONFIG_FDSET_INCR); server.db = zmalloc(sizeof(redisDb)*server.dbnum); /* Open the TCP listening socket for the user commands. */ // 创建监听服务端口,socket/bind/listen if (server.port != 0 && listenToPort(server.port,server.ipfd,&server.ipfd_count) == C_ERR) exit(1); ... /* Create the Redis databases, and initialize other internal state. */ for (j = 0; j < server.dbnum; j++) { server.db[j].dict = dictCreate(&dbDictType,NULL); server.db[j].expires = dictCreate(&keyptrDictType,NULL); server.db[j].blocking_keys = dictCreate(&keylistDictType,NULL); server.db[j].ready_keys = dictCreate(&setDictType,NULL); server.db[j].watched_keys = dictCreate(&keylistDictType,NULL); server.db[j].eviction_pool = evictionPoolAlloc(); server.db[j].id = j; server.db[j].avg_ttl = 0; } ... /* Create the serverCron() time event, that's our main way to process * background operations. 创建定时事件 */ if(aeCreateTimeEvent(server.el, 1, serverCron, NULL, NULL) == AE_ERR) { serverPanic("Can't create the serverCron time event."); exit(1); } /* Create an event handler for accepting new connections in TCP and Unix * domain sockets. */ for (j = 0; j < server.ipfd_count; j++) { if (aeCreateFileEvent(server.el, server.ipfd[j], AE_READABLE, acceptTcpHandler,NULL) == AE_ERR) { serverPanic( "Unrecoverable error creating server.ipfd file event."); } } // 将事件加入到事件机制中,调用链为 aeCreateFileEvent/aeApiAddEvent/epoll_ctl if (server.sofd > 0 && aeCreateFileEvent(server.el,server.sofd,AE_READABLE, acceptUnixHandler,NULL) == AE_ERR) serverPanic("Unrecoverable error creating server.sofd file event."); /* Open the AOF file if needed. */ if (server.aof_state == AOF_ON) { server.aof_fd = open(server.aof_filename, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_CREAT,0644); if (server.aof_fd == -1) { serverLog(LL_WARNING, "Can't open the append-only file: %s", strerror(errno)); exit(1); } } ... }
事件处理流程
事件处理函数链:aeMain / aeProcessEvents / aeApiPoll / epoll_wait。
常见的事件机制处理流程是:调用epoll_wait等待事件来临,然后遍历每一个epoll_event,提取epoll_event中的events和data域,data域常用来存储fd或者指针,不过一般的做法是提取出events和data.fd,然后根据fd找到对应的回调函数,fd与对应回调函数之间的映射关系可以存储在特定的数据结构中,比如数组或者哈希表,然后调用事件回调函数来处理。
Redis中用了一个数组来保存fd与回调函数的映射关系,使用数组的优点就是简单高效,但是数组一般使用在建立的连接不太多情况,而Redis正好符合这个情况,一般Redis的文件事件大都是客户端建立的连接,而客户端的连接个数是一定的,该数量通过配置项maxclients来指定。
static int aeApiPoll(aeEventLoop *eventLoop, struct timeval *tvp) { aeApiState *state = eventLoop->apidata; int retval, numevents = 0; retval = epoll_wait(state->epfd,state->events,eventLoop->setsize, tvp ? (tvp->tv_sec*1000 + tvp->tv_usec/1000) : -1); if (retval > 0) { int j; numevents = retval; for (j = 0; j < numevents; j++) { int mask = 0; struct epoll_event *e = state->events+j; if (e->events & EPOLLIN) mask |= AE_READABLE; if (e->events & EPOLLOUT) mask |= AE_WRITABLE; if (e->events & EPOLLERR) mask |= AE_WRITABLE; if (e->events & EPOLLHUP) mask |= AE_WRITABLE; eventLoop->fired[j].fd = e->data.fd; eventLoop->fired[j].mask = mask; } } return numevents; } int aeProcessEvents(aeEventLoop *eventLoop, int flags) { numevents = aeApiPoll(eventLoop, tvp); for (j = 0; j < numevents; j++) { // 从eventLoop->events数组中查找对应的回调函数 aeFileEvent *fe = &eventLoop->events[eventLoop->fired[j].fd]; int mask = eventLoop->fired[j].mask; int fd = eventLoop->fired[j].fd; int rfired = 0; /* note the fe->mask & mask & ... code: maybe an already processed * event removed an element that fired and we still didn't * processed, so we check if the event is still valid. */ if (fe->mask & mask & AE_READABLE) { rfired = 1; fe->rfileProc(eventLoop,fd,fe->clientData,mask); } if (fe->mask & mask & AE_WRITABLE) { if (!rfired || fe->wfileProc != fe->rfileProc) fe->wfileProc(eventLoop,fd,fe->clientData,mask); } processed++; } ... }
文件事件的监听
Redis监听端口的事件回调函数链是:acceptTcpHandler / acceptCommonHandler / createClient / aeCreateFileEvent / aeApiAddEvent / epoll_ctl。
在Reids监听事件处理流程中,会将客户端的连接fd添加到事件机制中,并设置其回调函数为readQueryFromClient,该函数负责处理客户端的命令请求。
命令处理流程
命令处理流程链是:readQueryFromClient / processInputBuffer / processCommand / call / 对应命令的回调函数(c->cmd->proc),比如get key命令的处理回调函数为getCommand。getCommand的执行流程是先到client对应的数据库字典中根据key来查找数据,然后根据响应消息格式将查询结果填充到响应消息中。
3 如何添加自定义命令
如何在Redis中添加自定的命令呢?其中只需要改动以下几个地方就行了,比如自定义命令random xxx,然后返回redis: xxx,因为hello xxx和get key类似,所以就依葫芦画瓢。random命令用来返回一个小于xxx的随机值。
首先在redisCommandTable数组中添加自定义的命令,redisCommandTable数组定义在server.c中。然后在getCommand定义处后面添加randomCommand的定义,getCommand定义在t_string.c中。最后在server.h中添加helloCommand的声明。整个修改patch文件如下,代码基于redis-2.8.9版本。
From 5304020683078273c1bc6cc9666dab95efa18607 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: luoxn28 <luoxn28@163.com> Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2017 04:43:47 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] add own command: random num --- src/server.c | 3 ++- src/server.h | 1 + src/t_string.c | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/src/server.c b/src/server.c index 609f396..e040104 100644 --- a/src/server.c +++ b/src/server.c @@ -296,7 +296,8 @@ struct redisCommand redisCommandTable[] = { {"pfdebug",pfdebugCommand,-3,"w",0,NULL,0,0,0,0,0}, {"post",securityWarningCommand,-1,"lt",0,NULL,0,0,0,0,0}, {"host:",securityWarningCommand,-1,"lt",0,NULL,0,0,0,0,0}, - {"latency",latencyCommand,-2,"aslt",0,NULL,0,0,0,0,0} + {"latency",latencyCommand,-2,"aslt",0,NULL,0,0,0,0,0}, + {"random",randomCommand,2,"rF",0,NULL,1,1,1,0,0} }; struct evictionPoolEntry *evictionPoolAlloc(void); diff --git a/src/server.h b/src/server.h index 3fa7c3a..427ac92 100644 --- a/src/server.h +++ b/src/server.h @@ -1485,6 +1485,7 @@ void setnxCommand(client *c); void setexCommand(client *c); void psetexCommand(client *c); void getCommand(client *c); +void randomCommand(client *c); void delCommand(client *c); void existsCommand(client *c); void setbitCommand(client *c); diff --git a/src/t_string.c b/src/t_string.c index 8c737c4..df4022d 100644 --- a/src/t_string.c +++ b/src/t_string.c @@ -173,6 +173,50 @@ void getCommand(client *c) { getGenericCommand(c); } +static bool checkRandomNum(char *num) +{ + char *c = num; + + while (*c != '\0') { + if (!(('0' <= *c) && (*c <= '9'))) { + return false; + } + c++; + } + + return true; +} + +/** + * command: random n + * return a random num < n, if n <= 0, return 0 + * @author: luoxiangnan + */ +void randomCommand(client *c) +{ + char buff[64] = {0}; + int num = 0; + robj *o = NULL; + + if (!checkRandomNum(c->argv[1]->ptr)) { + o = createObject(OBJ_STRING, sdsnewlen("sorry, it's not a num :(", + strlen("sorry, it's not a num :("))); + addReplyBulk(c, o); + return; + } + + sscanf(c->argv[1]->ptr, "%d", &num); + if (num > 0) { + num = random() % num; + } else { + num = 0; + } + + sprintf(buff, "%s %d", "redis: ", num); + o = createObject(OBJ_STRING, sdsnewlen(buff, strlen(buff))); + addReplyBulk(c, o); +} + void getsetCommand(client *c) { if (getGenericCommand(c) == C_ERR) return; c->argv[2] = tryObjectEncoding(c->argv[2]); -- 1.8.3.1
结果如下所示: