11.19

mport csv
import json
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET


def generate_exercises(num_exercises=5):
    """
    生成简单的加法算式
    :param num_exercises: 要生成的算式数量
    :return: 包含算式和答案的字典列表
    """
    exercises = []
    for i in range(num_exercises):
        exercise = f"{i} + {i + 1} = ?"
        exercises.append({"exercise": exercise, "solution": i + (i + 1)})
    return exercises


def save_to_csv(exercises, filename='exercises.csv'):
    """
    将算式保存到CSV文件
    :param exercises: 要保存的算式列表
    :param filename: 保存的文件名
    """
    try:
        with open(filename, mode='w', newline='') as file:
            writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=['exercise', 'solution'])
            writer.writeheader()
            for exercise in exercises:
                writer.writerow(exercise)
        print(f"成功保存到 {filename}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"保存到CSV失败: {e}")


def save_to_json(exercises, filename='exercises.json'):
    """
    将算式保存到JSON文件
    :param exercises: 要保存的算式列表
    :param filename: 保存的文件名
    """
    try:
        with open(filename, 'w') as file:
            json.dump(exercises, file, indent=4)
        print(f"成功保存到 {filename}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"保存到JSON失败: {e}")


def save_to_xml(exercises, filename='exercises.xml'):
    """
    将算式保存到XML文件
    :param exercises: 要保存的算式列表
    :param filename: 保存的文件名
    """
    try:
        root = ET.Element("exercises")
        for exercise in exercises:
            exercise_element = ET.SubElement(root, "exercise")
            exercise_element.text = exercise['exercise']
            solution_element = ET.SubElement(exercise_element, "solution")
            solution_element.text = str(exercise['solution'])

        tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
        tree.write(filename)
        print(f"成功保存到 {filename}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"保存到XML失败: {e}")


def read_from_csv(filename='exercises.csv'):
    """
    从CSV文件读取算式
    :param filename: 读取的文件名
    :return: 读取的算式列表
    """
    try:
        with open(filename, mode='r') as file:
            reader = csv.DictReader(file)
            return [row for row in reader]
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"从CSV读取失败: {e}")
        return []


def read_from_json(filename='exercises.json'):
    """
    从JSON文件读取算式
    :param filename: 读取的文件名
    :return: 读取的算式列表
    """
    try:
        with open(filename, 'r') as file:
            return json.load(file)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"从JSON读取失败: {e}")
        return []


def read_from_xml(filename='exercises.xml'):
    """
    从XML文件读取算式
    :param filename: 读取的文件名
    :return: 读取的算式列表
    """
    try:
        tree = ET.parse(filename)
        root = tree.getroot()
        exercises = []
        for exercise in root.findall('exercise'):
            solution = exercise.find('solution').text
            exercises.append({
                "exercise": exercise.text,
                "solution": solution
            })
        return exercises
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"从XML读取失败: {e}")
        return []


def main():
    try:
        num_exercises = int(input("请输入要生成的算式数量: "))
        exercises = generate_exercises(num_exercises)

        # 保存到不同格式的文件
        save_to_csv(exercises)
        save_to_json(exercises)
        save_to_xml(exercises)

        # 读取并打印内容
        print("\n从CSV读取:")
        for item in read_from_csv():
            print(item)

        print("\n从JSON读取:")
        for item in read_from_json():
            print(item)

        print("\n从XML读取:")
        for item in read_from_xml():
            print(item)

    except ValueError:
        print("请输入有效的整数。")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()