dapper使用

访问量不大的项目我都是用EF写数据库操作,因为EF除了速度上慢以外,但开发效率极快,省略了很多sql写法,并能很方便的调用外键、集合等信息,用EF写项目最爽的事。不过有些项目网站要考虑运行速度,这时不得不用其它的ORM框架,我常用dapper,因为它效果快,而且写sql非常灵活,接下来面写一些方法看看dapper的使用

1、连接语句

var conn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["SqlDiagnosticsDb"].ConnectionString);

使用dapper不需要考虑conn是否连接,在执行dapper时自行判断 open状态,如果没有打开它会自己打开。

2、insert

string query = "INSERT INTO Book(Name)VALUES(@name)";
conn.Execute(query, book);

book类中有name属性,就可以这样方便去写,当然也可以写成

string query = "INSERT INTO Book(Name)VALUES(@name)";
 conn.Execute(query,  new{@name=book.name});

3、update

string query = "UPDATE Book SET  Name=@name WHERE id =@id";
 conn.Execute(query, book);

4、 delete

string query = "DELETE FROM Book WHERE id = @id";
conn.Execute(query, book);
conn.Execute(query, new { id = id });

5、query

string query = "SELECT * FROM Book";
//无参数查询,返回列表,带参数查询和之前的参数赋值法相同。
 conn.Query<Book>(query).ToList();

 //返回单条信息
 string query = "SELECT * FROM Book WHERE id = @id";
 book = conn.Query<Book>(query, new { id = id }).SingleOrDefault();  

6、 传统sql in (1,2,3) 用dapper就这样写

conn.Query<Users>("SELECT * FROM Users s WHERE s.id IN @ids ",new { ids = new int[]{1,2,3}})

conn.Query<Users>("SELECT * FROM Users s WHERE s.id IN @ids ",new { ids = IDs.ToArray()})

在dapper因为安全性,不能直接用sql接接    要采用参数化,

7、批量插入

conn.Execute(@"insert MyTable(colA, colB) values (@a, @b)", new[] { new { a=1, b=1 }, new { a=2, b=2 }, new { a=3, b=3 } })

也可以直接写入一个集合

conn.Execute("insert user(name) values(@name)",users)

这里users是一个user表的对象集合,可一次把集合中的所有数据插入到数据表中。

8、多表查询

//查询图书时,同时查找对应的书评,并存在List中。实现1--n的查询操作
string query = "SELECT * FROM Book b LEFT JOIN BookReview br ON br.BookId = b.Id WHERE b.id = @id";
Book lookup = null;
//Query<TFirst, TSecond, TReturn>
 var b = conn.Query<Book, BookReview, Book>(query,
  (book, bookReview) =>
  {
     //扫描第一条记录,判断非空和非重复
    if (lookup == null || lookup.Id != book.Id)
      lookup = book;
    //书对应的书评非空,加入当前书的书评List中,最后把重复的书去掉。
    if (bookReview != null)
      lookup.Reviews.Add(bookReview);
     return lookup;
  }, new { id = id }).Distinct().SingleOrDefault();
return b;

多表联合查询是比较麻烦一些,到现在不是完全明白,多看几个例子

var sql =  @"select * from Posts p join Users u on u.Id = p.OwnerId Order by p.Id";
var data = conn.Query<Post, User, Post>(sql, (post, user) => { post.Owner = user; return post;},splitOn:"id");
 

Post类和User类,它们存在外键, conn.Query返回的类型是最后一个参数Post, 其中Post中有一属性Owner是User对象,在(post, user)=>lamda中指定了Owner值,上边的代码中的splitOn是ID,运行时,会从查询结果所有字段列表的最后一个字段开始进行匹配,一直到找到Id这个字段(大小写忽略),找到的第一个ID字段匹配User类的ID属性,那么从ID到最后一个字段都属于User,ID以前的字段都被影射到Post 通过 (post, user) => { return post;},把两个类的实例解析出来。

9、三表查询,一个是关联主键表(单个对象),一个是关联外键表(集合)。

    public partial class UserInfo  
        {  
            public UserInfo()  
            {  
                this.Persion = new HashSet<Persion>();  
                this.MyTYC = new HashSet<MyTYC>();  
            }  
          
            public int id { get; set; }  
            public string name { get; set; }  
            public Nullable<System.DateTime> createTime { get; set; }  
            public Movies Movies { get; set; }  
            public virtual ICollection<MyTYC> MyTYC { get; set; }  
        }  
    public class Movies  
        {  
            public int ID { get; set; }  
            public string Title { get; set; }  
            public string ReleaseDate { get; set; }  
            public string Genre { get; set; }  
            public string Price { get; set; }  
            public UserInfo UserInfo { get; set; }  
      
        }  
    public partial class MyTYC  
        {  
            public int id { get; set; }  
            public string name { get; set; }  
      
        }  
string sql = @"select * from UserInfo u   
inner join [Movies].dbo.Movies m on u.id=m.ID   
inner join MyTYC t on u.id=t.id";  
            var data = conn.Query<UserInfo, Movies, MyTYC, UserInfo>(sql, (u, m, t) => { u.Movies = m; u.MyTYC.Add(t); return u; }); 

注意这里的对象和集合的获取方法:u.Movies = m; u.MyTYC.Add(t);

10、多结果查询

var sql = @"select * from Customers where CustomerId = @id;
 select * from Orders where CustomerId = @id;
 select * from Returns where CustomerId = @id";

 using (var multi = connection.QueryMultiple(sql, new {id=selectedId}))
 {
        var customer = multi.Read<Customer>().Single();    
        var orders = multi.Read<Order>().ToList();
        var returns = multi.Read<Return>().ToList();
 }

再来一个

class Program  
    {  
  
        //创建连接对象  
        protected static SqlConnection GetConnection()  
        {  
            var connection = new SqlConnection("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=TestDB;Integrated Security=True");  
            connection.Open();  
            return connection;  
        }  
  
        static void Main(string[] args)  
        {  
            //测试输出多个结果集  
            var sql = @"INSERT INTO [dbo].[Student] ([Name]) VALUES ('A1'); select @@IDENTITY as A;  
                        INSERT INTO [dbo].[Student] ([Name]) VALUES ('B1'); select @@IDENTITY as A;  
                        INSERT INTO [dbo].[Student] ([Name]) VALUES ('C1'); select @@IDENTITY as A";  
  
            //初始化数据库连接  
            using (SqlConnection connection = GetConnection())  
            {                  
                List<int> ilist = new List<int>();  
                //执行查询,获取结果集集合  
                var multi = connection.QueryMultiple(sql);  
  
                //遍历结果集  
                while(!multi.IsConsumed)  
                {  
                    //读取当前结果集  
                    var result = multi.Read().ToList()[0].A;  
                    if (result != null)  
                    {  
                        ilist.Add(Convert.ToInt32(result));  
                    }  
                }  
                //for(int i = 0;i<3;i++)  
                //{  
                //    var result = multi.Read().ToList()[0].A;  
                //    if (result != null)  
                //    {  
                //        ilist.Add(Convert.ToInt32(result));  
                //    }  
                //}  
                foreach (var item in ilist)  
                {  
                    Console.WriteLine(item.ToString());  
                }  
            }  
            Console.ReadLine();  
        }  
    } 

11、如果某一代码中多次操作数据库,可以把conn设置为打开,最后时再close,

比如:

 

conn.open()
conn.Query(.....
.....
for....
.....
conn.close()

 

posted @ 2017-03-23 20:24  lunawzh  阅读(44948)  评论(13编辑  收藏  举报