python基础17——叠加装饰器&yield&三元表达式
叠加多个装饰器
一、叠加多个装饰器的加载、运行分析(了解***)
def deco1(func1): # func1 = wrapper2的内存地址
def wrapper1(*args,**kwargs):
print('正在运行===>deco1.wrapper1')
res1=func1(*args,**kwargs)
return res1
return wrapper1
def deco2(func2): # func2 = wrapper3的内存地址
def wrapper2(*args,**kwargs):
print('正在运行===>deco2.wrapper2')
res2=func2(*args,**kwargs)
return res2
return wrapper2
def deco3(x):
def outter3(func3): # func3=被装饰对象index函数的内存地址
def wrapper3(*args,**kwargs):
print('正在运行===>deco3.outter3.wrapper3')
res3=func3(*args,**kwargs)
return res3
return wrapper3
return outter3
# 加载顺序自下而上(了解)
@deco1 # index=deco1(wrapper2的内存地址) ===> index=wrapper1的内存地址
@deco2 # index=deco2(wrapper3的内存地址) ===> index=wrapper2的内存地址
@deco3(111) # ===>@outter3===> index=outter3(index) ===> index=wrapper3的内存地址
def index(x,y):
print('from index %s:%s' %(x,y))
# 执行顺序自上而下的,即wraper1-》wrapper2-》wrapper3
index(1,2) # wrapper1(1,2)
yield表达式(详解)
x=yield 返回值
一:
def dog(name):
print('道哥%s准备吃东西啦...' %name)
while True:
# x拿到的是yield接收到的值
x = yield # x = '肉包子'
print('道哥%s吃了 %s' %(name,x))
g=dog('alex')
g.send(None) # 等同于next(g)
g.send(['一根骨头','aaa'])
# g.send('肉包子')
# g.send('一同泔水')
# g.close()
# g.send('1111') # 关闭之后无法传值
二:
def dog(name):
food_list=[]
print('道哥%s准备吃东西啦...' %name)
while True:
# x拿到的是yield接收到的值
x = yield food_list # x = '肉包子'
print('道哥%s吃了 %s' %(name,x))
food_list.append(x) # ['一根骨头','肉包子']
g=dog('alex')
res=g.send(None) # next(g)
print(res)
res=g.send('一根骨头')
print(res)
res=g.send('肉包子')
print(res)
# # g.send('一桶泔水')
def func():
print('start.....')
x=yield 1111 # x='xxxxx'
print('哈哈哈啊哈')
print('哈哈哈啊哈')
print('哈哈哈啊哈')
print('哈哈哈啊哈')
yield 22222
g=func()
res=next(g)
print(res)
res=g.send('xxxxx')
print(res)
三元表达式
# 针对以下需求
def func(x,y):
if x > y:
return x
else:
return y
res=func(1,2)
print(res)
语法格式: res = 条件成立时返回的值 if 条件 else 条件不成立时返回的值
x=1
y=2
res=x if x > y else y
print(res)
res=111111 if 'egon' == 'egon' else 2222222222
print(res)
# 应用举例
def func():
if 1 > 3:
x=1
else:
x=3
等同于: x = 1 if 1 > 3 else 3
生成式(详解版)
1、列表生成式
l = ['alex_dsb', 'lxx_dsb', 'wxx_dsb', "xxq_dsb", 'egon']
new_l=[]
for name in l:
if name.endswith('dsb'):
new_l.append(name)
new_l=[name for name in l if name.endswith('dsb')]
new_l=[name for name in l]
print(new_l)
# 把所有小写字母全变成大写
new_l=[name.upper() for name in l]
print(new_l)
# 把所有的名字去掉后缀_dsb
new_l=[name.replace('_dsb','') for name in l]
print(new_l)
2、字典生成式
keys=['name','age','gender']
dic={key:None for key in keys}
print(dic)
items=[('name','egon'),('age',18),('gender','male')]
res={k:v for k,v in items if k != 'gender'}
print(res)
3、集合生成式
keys=['name','age','gender']
set1={key for key in keys}
print(set1,type(set1))
4、生成器表达式
g=(i for i in range(10) if i > 3)
!!!!!!!!!!!强调!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
此刻g内部一个值也没有
print(g,type(g))
print(g)
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
# 文件对象
with open('笔记.txt', mode='rt', encoding='utf-8') as f:
方式一:
res=0
for line in f:
res+=len(line)
print(res)
方式二:
res=sum([len(line) for line in f])
print(res)
方式三 :效率最高
res = sum((len(line) for line in f))
# 上述可以简写为如下形式
res = sum(len(line) for line in f)
print(res)