1、概述
(1)阻塞必要性
(2)内核等待队列
(3)阻塞驱动优化
2、内核等待队列
(1)定义等待队列:wait_queue_head_t my_queue
(2)初始化等待队列:init_waitqueue_head(&my_queue)
(3)定义+初始化等待队列DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(&my_queue)
(4)进入等待队列,睡眠
wait_even(queue,condition)
当condition为真时,立即返回。否则让进程进入TASK_UNINTRRUPTIBLE模式的睡眠中,并挂在queue参数指定的等待队列中。
wait_even_interruptible(queue, condition)
当condition为真时,立即返回。否则让进程进入TASK_INTRRUPTIBLE模式的睡眠中,并挂在queue参数指定的等待队列中。
int wait_even_killable(queue,condition)
当condition为真时,立即返回。否则让进程进入TASK_KILLABLE模式的睡眠中,并挂在queue参数指定的等待队列中。
(5)从等待队列中唤醒:
wake_up(wait_queue_t *q)
从等待队列q中唤醒状态为TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE,TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE以及TASK_KILLABLE的所有进程。
wake_up_interruptible(wait_queue_t *q)
从等待队列中唤醒状态为TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE的进程
3、编码
#include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/miscdevice.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/io.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> #define GPFCON 0x56000050 #define GPFDAT 0x56000054 struct work_struct *work1; struct timer_list buttons_timer; unsigned int *gpio_data; unsigned int key_num = 0; wait_queue_head_t key_q;//定义等待队列 void work1_func(struct work_struct *work) { mod_timer(&buttons_timer, jiffies + (HZ /10)); } void buttons_timer_function(unsigned long data) { unsigned int key_val; key_val = readw(gpio_data)&0x1; if (key_val == 0) key_num = 4; key_val = readw(gpio_data)&0x4; if (key_val == 0) key_num = 3; wake_up(&key_q);//按键按下之后,有数据了,需要唤醒队列 } irqreturn_t key_int(int irq, void *dev_id) { //1. 检测是否发生了按键中断 //2. 清除已经发生的按键中断 //3. 提交下半部 schedule_work(work1); return IRQ_HANDLED; } void key_hw_init() { unsigned int *gpio_config; unsigned short data; gpio_config = ioremap(GPFCON,4); data = readw(gpio_config); data &= ~0b110011; data |= 0b100010; writew(data,gpio_config); gpio_data = ioremap(GPFDAT,4); } int key_open(struct inode *node,struct file *filp) { return 0; } ssize_t key_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *pos) { wait_event(key_q,key_num);//进入到等待队列,如果条件为真就立即返回 printk("in kernel :key num is %d\n",key_num); copy_to_user(buf, &key_num, 4); key_num = 0;//数据读了之后要把它清空,不清空的话下次进来条件就为真了 return 4; } struct file_operations key_fops = { .open = key_open, .read = key_read, }; struct miscdevice key_miscdev = { .minor = 200, .name = "key", .fops = &key_fops, }; static int button_init() { int ret; ret = misc_register(&key_miscdev); if (ret !=0) printk("register fail!\n"); //注册中断处理程序 request_irq(IRQ_EINT0,key_int,IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING,"key",(void *)4); request_irq(IRQ_EINT2,key_int,IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING,"key",(void *)3); key_hw_init();//按键初始化 //. 创建工作 work1 = kmalloc(sizeof(struct work_struct),GFP_KERNEL); INIT_WORK(work1, work1_func); /* 初始化定时器 */ init_timer(&buttons_timer); buttons_timer.function = buttons_timer_function; add_timer(&buttons_timer);/* 向内核注册一个定时器 */ init_waitqueue_head(&key_q);/*初始化等待队列*/ return 0; } static void button_exit() { misc_deregister(&key_miscdev); } module_init(button_init); module_exit(button_exit);
用户态:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int fd; int key_num; fd = open("/dev/2440key", 0); if (fd<0) printf("open fail\n"); read(fd, &key_num, 4); printf("key is %d\n",key_num); close(fd); return 0; }