C语言链表

链表用节点存储数据,其节点中有存放数据的变量,也存放着指向下一个节点地址的指针。

1 typedef int elemtype;
2 
3 typedef struct node{
4     elemtype date;
5     struct node *next;
6 }LinkedList; 

链表初始化有2种方法,头插法建立和尾插法建立。头插法:插入第一个元素到头结点之后,下一个元素插到当前元素之前,后面依次。尾插法:插入第一个元素到头结点之后

 1 LinkedList *init_LinkedListH(){//头插法 
 2     
 3     LinkedList *head = (LinkedList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkedList));
 4     if(head==NULL)
 5         return NULL;
 6     
 7     head->next = NULL;
 8     
 9     LinkedList *p;
10     elemtype e;
11     printf("输入非0常数:\n");
12     scanf("%d",&e);
13     while(e!=0){
14         p = (LinkedList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkedList));
15         if(p==NULL)
16             return NULL;
17         
18         p->date = e;
19         p->next = head->next;
20         head->next = p;
21         
22         scanf("%d",&e);
23     }
24     return head;
25     
26 }
 1 LinkedList *init_LinkedListT(){//尾插法 
 2     
 3     LinkedList *p,*tail;
 4     LinkedList *head = (LinkedList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkedList));
 5     if(head==NULL)
 6         return NULL;
 7         
 8     head->next=NULL;
 9     tail = head;
10     
11     elemtype e;
12     printf("输入非0常数:\n");
13     scanf("%d",&e);
14     while(e!=0){
15         
16         p = (LinkedList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkedList));
17         if(p==NULL)
18             return NULL;
19         p->date = e;
20         tail->next = p;
21         tail = p;
22         tail->next = NULL;
23         scanf("%d",&e);
24     }
25     return head;
26     
27 }

链表方便插入和删除节点。插入分为前插和后插

 1 //前插运算  把头指针和某节点指针传入,*s为待插入节点 
 2 void insertBefore(LinkedList *p,LinkedList *s,LinkedList *head){
 3     
 4     LinkedList *temp = head;
 5     while(temp->next!=p){
 6         temp = temp->next;
 7     }
 8     
 9     s->next = p;
10     temp->next = s;
11     
12 }
13 
14 //后插运算   p为指向链表中某个节点的指针 .*s为待插入节点 
15 void insertAfter(LinkedList *p,LinkedList *s){
16     
17     s->next = p->next;
18     p->next = s;
19     
20 }

删除分为后继节点删除和删除本身节点,后继节点删除先判断后继节点是否存在,若存在则删除。而删除本身节点的思路则是先判断后继节点是否存在,若存在则把后继节点元素值赋给本身节点,再调用后继节点删除函数删除后继节点;若不存在则找到本身节点的上一个节点,在调用后继节点删除函数删除后继节点。尽量避开从头结点开始的遍历运算。

 1 //删除后继节点   
 2 int deleteAfter(LinkedList *p) {
 3     
 4     LinkedList *q = p->next;
 5     if(q==NULL)
 6         return 0;
 7     p->next = q->next;
 8     free(q);
 9     return 1;
10 }
11 
12 //删除节点本身 
13 int deleteNode(LinkedList *head,LinkedList *p){
14     
15     int deleteAfter(LinkedList *p);
16     
17     if(p->next!=NULL){
18         p->date = p->next->date;
19         return (deleteAfter(p));
20     }
21     else{
22         LinkedList *q = head;
23         while(q->next!=p)
24             q = q->next;
25         q->date = p->date;
26         return (deleteAfter(q));
27     }
28     
29 }

 

posted @ 2018-11-27 16:02  捞的不谈  阅读(174)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报