spring中的JdbcTemlate以及Spring事务控制(4)
1、spring中的JdbcTemplate
JdbcTemplate的作用:
它就是用于和数据库交互的,实现对表的CRUD操作
如何创建该对象:
对象中的常用方法:
2、作业:
spring基于AOP的事务控制
3、spring中的事务控制
基于XML的
基于注解的
一、spring中的JdbcTemplate
持久层技术
二、基于xml的aop实现事务控制
1.bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 配置Service --> <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <!-- 注入dao --> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> </bean> <!--配置Dao对象--> <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <!-- 注入QueryRunner --> <property name="runner" ref="runner"></property> <!-- 注入ConnectionUtils --> <property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property> </bean> <!--配置QueryRunner--> <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype"></bean> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!--连接数据库的必备信息--> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="1234"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置Connection的工具类 ConnectionUtils --> <bean id="connectionUtils" class="com.itheima.utils.ConnectionUtils"> <!-- 注入数据源--> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置事务管理器--> <bean id="txManager" class="com.itheima.utils.TransactionManager"> <!-- 注入ConnectionUtils --> <property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property> </bean> <!--配置aop--> <aop:config> <!--配置通用切入点表达式--> <aop:pointcut id="pt1" expression="execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))"></aop:pointcut> <aop:aspect id="txAdvice" ref="txManager"> <!--配置前置通知:开启事务--> <aop:before method="beginTransaction" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:before> <!--配置后置通知:提交事务--> <aop:after-returning method="commit" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:after-returning> <!--配置异常通知:回滚事务--> <aop:after-throwing method="rollback" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:after-throwing> <!--配置最终通知:释放连接--> <aop:after method="release" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:after> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> </beans>
三、基于注解的aop实现事务控制
1.bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan> <!--配置QueryRunner--> <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype"></bean> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!--连接数据库的必备信息--> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="1234"></property> </bean> <!--开启spring对注解AOP的支持--> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy> </beans>
2.通知类TransactionManager
(若采用配置的方式,会造成关闭连接再提交事务,采用环绕通知,由于自己编码,能解决这一问题)
package com.itheima.utils; import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * 和事务管理相关的工具类,它包含了,开启事务,提交事务,回滚事务和释放连接 */ @Component("txManager") @Aspect public class TransactionManager { @Autowired private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils; @Pointcut("execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))") private void pt1(){} /** * 开启事务 */ public void beginTransaction(){ try { connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 提交事务 */ public void commit(){ try { connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit(); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 回滚事务 */ public void rollback(){ try { connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback(); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 释放连接 */ public void release(){ try { connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();//还回连接池中 connectionUtils.removeConnection(); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } @Around("pt1()") public Object aroundAdvice(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){ Object rtValue = null; try { //1.获取参数 Object[] args = pjp.getArgs(); //2.开启事务 this.beginTransaction(); //3.执行方法 rtValue = pjp.proceed(args); //4.提交事务 this.commit(); //返回结果 return rtValue; }catch (Throwable e){ //5.回滚事务 this.rollback(); throw new RuntimeException(e); }finally { //6.释放资源 this.release(); } } }
四、基于xml实现声明式事务控制
1.实体类
package com.itheima.domain; import java.io.Serializable; /** * 账户的实体类 */ public class Account implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String name; private Float money; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Float getMoney() { return money; } public void setMoney(Float money) { this.money = money; } @Override public String toString() { return "Account{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", money=" + money + '}'; } }
2.业务层
package com.itheima.service; import com.itheima.domain.Account; /** * 账户的业务层接口 */ public interface IAccountService { /** * 根据id查询账户信息 * @param accountId * @return */ Account findAccountById(Integer accountId); /** * 转账 * @param sourceName 转成账户名称 * @param targetName 转入账户名称 * @param money 转账金额 */ void transfer(String sourceName,String targetName,Float money); }
package com.itheima.service.impl; import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao; import com.itheima.domain.Account; import com.itheima.service.IAccountService; /** * 账户的业务层实现类 * * 事务控制应该都是在业务层 */ public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{ private IAccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } @Override public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) { return accountDao.findAccountById(accountId); } @Override public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) { System.out.println("transfer...."); //2.1根据名称查询转出账户 Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName); //2.2根据名称查询转入账户 Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName); //2.3转出账户减钱 source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money); //2.4转入账户加钱 target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money); //2.5更新转出账户 accountDao.updateAccount(source); int i=1/0; //2.6更新转入账户 accountDao.updateAccount(target); } }
3.dao层
package com.itheima.dao; import com.itheima.domain.Account; /** * 账户的持久层接口 */ public interface IAccountDao { /** * 根据Id查询账户 * @param accountId * @return */ Account findAccountById(Integer accountId); /** * 根据名称查询账户 * @param accountName * @return */ Account findAccountByName(String accountName); /** * 更新账户 * @param account */ void updateAccount(Account account); }
package com.itheima.dao.impl; import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao; import com.itheima.domain.Account; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport; import java.util.List; /** * 账户的持久层实现类 */ public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IAccountDao { @Override public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) { List<Account> accounts = super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId); return accounts.isEmpty()?null:accounts.get(0); } @Override public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) { List<Account> accounts = super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountName); if(accounts.isEmpty()){ return null; } if(accounts.size()>1){ throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一"); } return accounts.get(0); } @Override public void updateAccount(Account account) { super.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId()); } }
4.bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!-- 配置业务层--> <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置账户的持久层--> <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置数据源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="1234"></property> </bean> <!-- spring中基于XML的声明式事务控制配置步骤 1、配置事务管理器 2、配置事务的通知 此时我们需要导入事务的约束 tx名称空间和约束,同时也需要aop的 使用tx:advice标签配置事务通知 属性: id:给事务通知起一个唯一标识 transaction-manager:给事务通知提供一个事务管理器引用 3、配置AOP中的通用切入点表达式 4、建立事务通知和切入点表达式的对应关系 5、配置事务的属性 是在事务的通知tx:advice标签的内部 --> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置事务的通知--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <!-- 配置事务的属性 isolation:用于指定事务的隔离级别。默认值是DEFAULT,表示使用数据库的默认隔离级别。 propagation:用于指定事务的传播行为。默认值是REQUIRED,表示一定会有事务,增删改的选择。查询方法可以选择SUPPORTS。 read-only:用于指定事务是否只读。只有查询方法才能设置为true。默认值是false,表示读写。 timeout:用于指定事务的超时时间,默认值是-1,表示永不超时。如果指定了数值,以秒为单位。 rollback-for:用于指定一个异常,当产生该异常时,事务回滚,产生其他异常时,事务不回滚。没有默认值。表示任何异常都回滚。 no-rollback-for:用于指定一个异常,当产生该异常时,事务不回滚,产生其他异常时事务回滚。没有默认值。表示任何异常都回滚。 --> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/> <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"></tx:method> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 配置aop--> <aop:config> <!-- 配置切入点表达式--> <aop:pointcut id="pt1" expression="execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))"></aop:pointcut> <!--建立切入点表达式和事务通知的对应关系 --> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:advisor> </aop:config> </beans>
五、基于注解实现声明式事务配置
1.业务层
package com.itheima.service.impl; import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao; import com.itheima.domain.Account; import com.itheima.service.IAccountService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * 账户的业务层实现类 * * 事务控制应该都是在业务层 */ @Service("accountService") @Transactional(propagation= Propagation.SUPPORTS,readOnly=true)//只读型事务的配置 public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{ @Autowired private IAccountDao accountDao; @Override public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) { return accountDao.findAccountById(accountId); } //需要的是读写型事务配置 @Transactional(propagation= Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=false) @Override public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) { System.out.println("transfer...."); //2.1根据名称查询转出账户 Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName); //2.2根据名称查询转入账户 Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName); //2.3转出账户减钱 source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money); //2.4转入账户加钱 target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money); //2.5更新转出账户 accountDao.updateAccount(source); // int i=1/0; //2.6更新转入账户 accountDao.updateAccount(target); } }
2.dao层
package com.itheima.dao.impl; import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao; import com.itheima.domain.Account; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import java.util.List; /** * 账户的持久层实现类 */ @Repository("accountDao") public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao { @Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Override public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) { List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId); return accounts.isEmpty()?null:accounts.get(0); } @Override public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) { List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountName); if(accounts.isEmpty()){ return null; } if(accounts.size()>1){ throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一"); } return accounts.get(0); } @Override public void updateAccount(Account account) { jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId()); } }
3.bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan> <!-- 配置JdbcTemplate--> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置数据源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="1234"></property> </bean> <!-- spring中基于注解 的声明式事务控制配置步骤 1、配置事务管理器 2、开启spring对注解事务的支持 3、在需要事务支持的地方使用@Transactional注解 --> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 开启spring对注解事务的支持--> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"></tx:annotation-driven> </beans>
4.测试类
六、基于纯注解实现声明式事务控制
1.业务层
package com.itheima.service.impl; import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao; import com.itheima.domain.Account; import com.itheima.service.IAccountService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * 账户的业务层实现类 * * 事务控制应该都是在业务层 */ @Service("accountService") @Transactional(propagation= Propagation.SUPPORTS,readOnly=true)//只读型事务的配置 public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{ @Autowired private IAccountDao accountDao; @Override public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) { return accountDao.findAccountById(accountId); } //需要的是读写型事务配置 @Transactional(propagation= Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=false) @Override public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) { System.out.println("transfer...."); //2.1根据名称查询转出账户 Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName); //2.2根据名称查询转入账户 Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName); //2.3转出账户减钱 source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money); //2.4转入账户加钱 target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money); //2.5更新转出账户 accountDao.updateAccount(source); // int i=1/0; //2.6更新转入账户 accountDao.updateAccount(target); } }
2.dao层
package com.itheima.dao.impl; import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao; import com.itheima.domain.Account; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import java.util.List; /** * 账户的持久层实现类 */ @Repository("accountDao") public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao { @Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Override public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) { List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId); return accounts.isEmpty()?null:accounts.get(0); } @Override public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) { List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountName); if(accounts.isEmpty()){ return null; } if(accounts.size()>1){ throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一"); } return accounts.get(0); } @Override public void updateAccount(Account account) { jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId()); } }
3.配置类
3.1 SpringConfig
package config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement; /** * spring的配置类,相当于bean.xml */ @Configuration @ComponentScan("com.itheima") @Import({JdbcConfig.class,TransactionConfig.class}) @PropertySource("jdbcConfig.properties") @EnableTransactionManagement public class SpringConfiguration { }
3.2 TransactionManager
package config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; import javax.sql.DataSource; /** * 和事务相关的配置类 */ public class TransactionConfig { /** * 用于创建事务管理器对象 * @param dataSource * @return */ @Bean(name="transactionManager") public PlatformTransactionManager createTransactionManager(DataSource dataSource){ return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource); } }
3.3 JdbcConfig
package config; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource; import javax.sql.DataSource; /** * 和连接数据库相关的配置类 */ public class JdbcConfig { @Value("${jdbc.driver}") private String driver; @Value("${jdbc.url}") private String url; @Value("${jdbc.username}") private String username; @Value("${jdbc.password}") private String password; /** * 创建JdbcTemplate * @param dataSource * @return */ @Bean(name="jdbcTemplate") public JdbcTemplate createJdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource){ return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); } /** * 创建数据源对象 * @return */ @Bean(name="dataSource") public DataSource createDataSource(){ DriverManagerDataSource ds = new DriverManagerDataSource(); ds.setDriverClassName(driver); ds.setUrl(url); ds.setUsername(username); ds.setPassword(password); return ds; } }
3.4 JdbcConfig.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=1234
3.5 测试类
package com.itheima.test; import com.itheima.service.IAccountService; import config.SpringConfiguration; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; /** * 使用Junit单元测试:测试我们的配置 */ @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes= SpringConfiguration.class) public class AccountServiceTest { @Autowired private IAccountService as; @Test public void testTransfer(){ as.transfer("aaa","bbb",100f); } }