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SpringBoot发送邮件

使用SpringBoot发送四种不同类型的邮件

发送简单文本文件
发送HTML渲染的界面
发送带附件的邮件
发送带图片的邮件

获取邮箱的远程登录

点击设置--->账号-->开启服务

点击服务管理

生成授权码。记住授权码，授权码只会出现一次，可以多次获取。

搭建SpringBoot工程

添加maven依赖

<properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.13</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

添加发送邮件的配置文件

# 发送QQ邮箱的 代收发服务器地址。
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
# qq邮箱
spring.mail.username=12345678@qq.com
# 生成的16位授权码
spring.mail.password=abcdefgrdvntrhhce
# 邮件发送的编码格式
spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8

服务接口类

package com.email.service;

public interface MailService {
    /**
     * 发送普通文本邮件
     * @param to 收件人
     * @param subject 主题
     * @param content 内容
     */
    void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content);
    /**
     * 发送HTML邮件
     * @param to 收件人
     * @param subject 主题
     * @param content 内容（可以包含<html>等标签）
     */
    void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content);
    /**
     * 发送带附件的邮件
     * @param to 收件人
     * @param subject 主题
     * @param content 内容
     * @param filePath 附件路径
     */
    void sendAttachmentMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath);
    /**
     * 发送带图片的邮件
     * @param to 收件人
     * @param subject 主题
     * @param content 文本
     * @param rscPath 图片路径
     * @param rscId 图片ID，用于在<img>标签中使用，从而显示图片
     */
    void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId);
}

接口实现类

package com.email.service.Impl;

import java.io.File;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import com.email.service.MailService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;



@Service
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailServiceImpl.class);

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;
    @Override
    public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {

        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setTo(to);//收信人
        message.setSubject(subject);//主题
        message.setText(content);//内容
        message.setFrom(from);//发信人

        mailSender.send(message);
    }

    @Override
    public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {

        logger.info("发送HTML邮件开始：{},{},{}", to, subject, content);
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;
        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);//true代表支持html
            mailSender.send(message);
            logger.info("发送HTML邮件成功");
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            logger.error("发送HTML邮件失败：", e);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendAttachmentMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {

        logger.info("发送带附件邮件开始：{},{},{},{}", to, subject, content, filePath);
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;
        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
            String fileName = file.getFilename();
            helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);//添加附件，可多次调用该方法添加多个附件
            mailSender.send(message);
            logger.info("发送带附件邮件成功");
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            logger.error("发送带附件邮件失败", e);
        }


    }
    @Override
    public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) {

        logger.info("发送带图片邮件开始：{},{},{},{},{}", to, subject, content, rscPath, rscId);
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;
        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
            helper.addInline(rscId, res);//重复使用添加多个图片
            mailSender.send(message);
            logger.info("发送带图片邮件成功");
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            logger.error("发送带图片邮件失败", e);
        }
    }

}

SpringBoot启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class EmailApplication implements ApplicationRunner {

    @Autowired
    private MailService mailService;

    private String TO = "1233444@gmail.com"; 

    private String SUBJECT = "测试SpringBoot发送邮件之发送带图片的邮件";

    private String CONTENT = "接收了邮件中的附件";

    private String HTML = "<h1>测试邮件发送html</h1>";

    private String HTML1 = "<img src='C:/Users/abc/Pictures/1694668957060.jpg'>测试邮件发送html</img>";

    private String filePath="C:/Users/abc/Pictures/1694668957060.jpg";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EmailApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args){
        System.out.println("----------------------SpringBoot启动----------------------");

        // 测试邮件发送简单文本
        mailService.sendSimpleMail(TO, SUBJECT, CONTENT);

        // 测试邮件发送HTML
         mailService.sendHtmlMail(TO,SUBJECT,HTML);

        // 测试邮件发送文件
        mailService.sendAttachmentMail(TO,SUBJECT,CONTENT,filePath);

        // 测试发带图片的邮件
        mailService.sendInlineResourceMail(TO,SUBJECT,HTML1,filePath,"1234");
    }
}