Centos配置MySQL

Centos7配置MySQL5.7

1. 查看是否已有数据库配置

   rpm -qa | grep mysql
   # 输出数据库文件名
   

2. 删除已有的数据库

   rpm -e 输出的文件名
   

3. 安装wget网络下载工具，已有可跳过

   yum install wget -y
   

4. 下载MySQL安装包

   wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
   yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
   yum -y install mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck
   

   如果第三条命令运行后出现一下错误。

   ....
   Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
   
   Failing package is: mysql-community-common-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64
   GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
   

   则使用一下命令

   yum -y install mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck
   

5. 刷新MySQL服务

   systemctl start mysqld.service
   

6. 查看MySQL运行状态

   service mysqld status
   

   运行状态 active(running)表示运行成功

   [root@hadoop mysql]# service mysqld status
   Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
   ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
      Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
      Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-09-13 07:47:55 CST; 41s ago
        Docs: man:mysqld(8)
              http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
     Process: 1710 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     Process: 1660 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Main PID: 1713 (mysqld)
      CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
              └─1713 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
   
   Sep 13 07:47:51 hadoop systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
   Sep 13 07:47:55 hadoop systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
   
   

7. 查看初始密码

   [root@hadoop mysql]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log
   2023-09-12T23:47:52.772803Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )zpc_k0;NIPi
   # 如上 )zpc_k0;NIPi  表示初始密码
   

8. 进入MySQL。密码是上面初始密码

   [root@hadoop mysql]# mysql -u root -p
   Enter password: 
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 2
   Server version: 5.7.43
   
   Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
   
   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
   affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
   owners.
   
   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
   mysql> 
   

9. 设置密码。

   ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
   

10. 如果遇到一下问题。如果没有跳过

    ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
    

    大意是你的密码太简单，不符合安全策略。解决方案1提升密码难度。2修改安全策略，如下：

    set global validate_password_policy=0
    set global validate_password_length=1;
    
    # validate_password_policy取值
    	# 0 or LOW     只验证长度
    	# 1 or MEDIUM  验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符
    	# 2 or STRONG  验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符、字典文件
    	
    

    再次设置密码

    mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    

11. 测试

    # 退出MySQL
    quit
    
    # 重启MySQL服务
    service mysqld start
    
    # 使用新密码登录
    [root@hadoop mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 5
    Server version: 5.7.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> quit
    Bye
    

    完。Centos配置数据库成功。