jpa 一对多and 多对一

配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="JPA" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <!-- 配置用什么orm 产品作为jpa的实现 -->
        <!-- 1.实际上配置的是 javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceProvider接口的实现类 2.若只有一个jpa的实现，也可以比配置该节点 
        -->
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <!-- 添加持久化类 -->
        <class>entity.Customer</class>
        <class>entity.Order</class>
        
        <properties>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jpa" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="manager123" />

            <!-- 配置jpa的实现产品的基本属性，配置hibernate的基本属性 -->
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

 

 entity  customer

package entity;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;

import org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.config.Cascade;

@Table(name = "customer")
@Entity
public class Customer {

    private int id;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
    private int age;

    private Date birthday;
    private Date creatTime;

    /******** 一对多关系， 一个顾客，有多个订单 ********/
    Set<Order> orders = new HashSet<Order>();

    @JoinColumn(name = "CUSTOMER_ID") // 用来映射外键列的名称
    //cascade={CascadeType.REMOVE} 设置级联删除
    //mappedBy="customer" 设置谁来维护关系爱  （在此设置多的 customer维护，及Customer不维护，有order维护）
    //！！！使用mappedBy="XX“属性，@JoinColumn（name="XXXX"）不用指定（否则会报错）
    @OneToMany(fetch=FetchType.EAGER,cascade={CascadeType.REMOVE},mappedBy="customer") // 映射一对多的关系
    public Set<Order> getOrders() {
        return orders;
    }

    public void setOrders(Set<Order> orders) {
        this.orders = orders;
    }

    /*************** 使用table生成主键的策略 *******************************/
    // @TableGenerator(name="ID_GENARATER",
    // table="jpa_id_generators",
    // pkColumnName="PK_NAME", //指定主键键的列
    // pkColumnValue="CUSTOMER_ID", //指定主键的行（列的哪一行）
    // valueColumnName="PK_VALUE", //指定主键值的列
    // allocationSize=100) //主键增加的大小，默认为50
    // @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE,generator="ID_GENARATER")
    // //generator与@TableGenerator的name对应
    /************************************/
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Id
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(name = "last_name")
    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
    public Date getCreatTime() {
        return creatTime;
    }

    public void setCreatTime(Date creatTime) {
        this.creatTime = creatTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", age=" + age + ", birthday="
                + birthday + ", creatTime=" + creatTime + "]";
    }

}

 

  Order

package entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Table(name="JPA_ORDERS")
@Entity
public class Order {

    private Integer id;
    private String orderName;

//    private Customer customer;   //暂时注掉。测试一对多

    @GeneratedValue
    @Id
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(name="ORDER_NAME")
    public String getOrderName() {
        return orderName;
    }

    public void setOrderName(String orderName) {
        this.orderName = orderName;
    }

    /**
     * @JoinColumn  //映射外键
     * @ManyToOne   //映射一对多的关系
     * ***/ 
//    @JoinColumn(name="CUSTOMER_ID")
//    @ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
//    public Customer getCustomer() {
//        return customer;
//    }
//
//    public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
//        this.customer = customer;
//    }

}

 

manyToOneTest

package test;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import entity.Customer;
import entity.Order;

public class japManyToOneTest {

    private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
    private EntityManager entityManager;
    private EntityTransaction entityTransaction;

    @Before
    public void init() {
        entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("JPA");
        entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
        entityTransaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
        entityTransaction.begin();
    }

    @After
    public void distory() {
        entityTransaction.commit();
        entityManager.close();
        entityManagerFactory.close();

    }
    /*     (多对一测试，由于测试一对一多，把Order中的Customer注释了)    
                @Test
                public void testManyToOneUpdate() {
                    Order order = entityManager.find(Order.class, 6);
                    order.getCustomer().setLastName("MM");
                }
            
                
                 //* 不能删除1的一方，由于有外键关联
                
                @Test
                public void testManyToOneDelete() {
                    Order order = entityManager.find(Order.class, 5);
                    entityManager.remove(order);
                    // Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 4);
                    // entityManager.remove(customer);
            
                }
            
                
                //* default user left out select we cen user the parameter of fecth="lazy"
                // * at @manytoOne(fecth="lazy")
                @Test
                public void testManyToOneFind() {
                    Order order = entityManager.find(Order.class, 5);
                    System.out.println(order);
            
                    System.out.println(order.getCustomer().getLastName());
                }
            
                
                // * 对于多对一，建议先保存1的一端，然后保存多的一端。 （这样就不会多出额外的update语句） 及让多的一方维护关系
                 
                @Test
                public void ManyToOnePersistence() {
                    Customer customer = new Customer();
                    customer.setAge(23);
                    customer.setEmail("qq@163.com");
                    customer.setLastName("QQ");
                    customer.setBirthday(new Date());
                    customer.setCreatTime(new Date());
            
                    Order order1 = new Order();
                    order1.setOrderName("OO_order_01");
            
                    Order order2 = new Order();
                    order2.setOrderName("OO_order_02");
            
                    // 设置关联关系
                    order1.setCustomer(customer);
                    order2.setCustomer(customer);
            
                    // 保存
                    entityManager.persist(customer);
                    entityManager.persist(order1);
                    entityManager.persist(order2);
            
                }
*/
}

 

oneToManyTest

package test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import entity.Customer;
import entity.Order;

public class japOneToManyTest {

    private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
    private EntityManager entityManager;
    private EntityTransaction entityTransaction;

    @Before
    public void init() {
        entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("JPA");
        entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
        entityTransaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
        entityTransaction.begin();
    }
    @After
    public void distory() {
        entityTransaction.commit();
        entityManager.close();
        entityManagerFactory.close();

    }
    
    @Test
     public void testOneToMany(){
        Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 15) ;
        Set<Order> orders = customer.getOrders();
        Order order = orders.iterator().next();
        order.setOrderName("AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA");
        //System.out.println(order);
     }
    /**
     * 一对多，默认删除一的一方，多的一方外键会置空，一的一方会被删除，多的一方保留，外键置空
     * 可以通过级联删除一并删除（在@onetomany(cascade={CascadeType.REMOVE})） 
     */
    @Test
    public void testOneToManyDelete(){
        Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 12);
        entityManager.remove(customer);
        
    }
    
    /**
     * default  staregt  is lazy 默认关联多的一方使用lazy加载策略
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testOneToManyFind() throws Exception {
        Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 2);
        System.out.println(customer.getLastName());
        
        //获取一对多的多。 default  staregt  is lazy
        System.out.println(customer.getOrders().size());
        
    }
    
    
    /**
     * 对于一对多， 保存时，无论是先保存一的一端，还是多的一端都会执行update语句
     * 因为多的一端 ，在保存时不会同时插入外键列
     */
    @Test
    public void testOneToManyPersistence(){
        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setAge(23);
        customer.setEmail("KKKK@163.com");
        customer.setLastName("KKKK");
        customer.setBirthday(new Date());
        customer.setCreatTime(new Date());
         
        Order order1 = new Order();
        order1.setOrderName("DDDD_01");
        Order order2 = new Order();
        order2.setOrderName("DDDD_02");
        
        //建立关系
        customer.getOrders().add(order1);
        customer.getOrders().add(order2);
        //执行保存
        entityManager.persist(customer);
        entityManager.persist(order1);
        entityManager.persist(order2);
        
    }
    
    
    
    
    
}