1.环境信息
| 名称： | 版本 |
|---|---|
| Docker | 18.06.1-ce |
| 操作系统 | Ubuntu16.04 |
| K8s | v1.13.2 |
| 角色 | IP |
|---|---|
| master | 192.168.1.11 |
| node1 | 192.168.1.12 |
| node2 | 192.168.1.13 |
安装步骤
1.系统配置修改
禁用swap
sudo swapoff -a
同时把/etc/fstab包含swap那行记录删掉。
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
禁用Selinux
apt install selinux-utils setenforce 0
2.安装docker : 略
3.安装kubectl，kubelet，kubeadm
在Master和Node节点分别执行如下操作：
- 添加Kubernetes软件源
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https curl
sudo curl -s https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add - sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list <<-'EOF' deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main EOF
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
systemctl enable kubelet
（Master）执行。
$ kubeadm init \ --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.44.146 \ --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \ --kubernetes-version v1.18.0 \ --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \ --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
由于默认拉取镜像地址k8s.gcr.io国内无法访问，这里指定阿里云镜像仓库地址。
使用kubectl工具：
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
$ kubectl get nodes
5. 加入Kubernetes Node
在192.168.1.12/13（Node）执行。
向集群添加新节点，执行在kubeadm init输出的kubeadm join命令：
$ kubeadm join 192.168.1.11:6443 --token esce21.q6hetwm8si29qxwn \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:00603a05805807501d7181c3d60b478788408cfe6cedefedb1f97569708be9c5
默认token有效期为24小时，当过期之后，该token就不可用了。这时就需要重新创建token，操作如下：
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
6. 部署CNI网络插件(master 上)
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
如果下载不下来（文件内容已下载）：
vim kube-flannel.yml
--- apiVersion: policy/v1beta1 kind: PodSecurityPolicy metadata: name: psp.flannel.unprivileged annotations: seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default spec: privileged: false volumes: - configMap - secret - emptyDir - hostPath allowedHostPaths: - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d" - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel" - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel" readOnlyRootFilesystem: false # Users and groups runAsUser: rule: RunAsAny supplementalGroups: rule: RunAsAny fsGroup: rule: RunAsAny # Privilege Escalation allowPrivilegeEscalation: false defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false # Capabilities allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW'] defaultAddCapabilities: [] requiredDropCapabilities: [] # Host namespaces hostPID: false hostIPC: false hostNetwork: true hostPorts: - min: 0 max: 65535 # SELinux seLinux: # SELinux is unused in CaaSP rule: 'RunAsAny' --- kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: flannel rules: - apiGroups: ['extensions'] resources: ['podsecuritypolicies'] verbs: ['use'] resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged'] - apiGroups: - "" resources: - pods verbs: - get - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes verbs: - list - watch - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/status verbs: - patch --- kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: flannel roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: flannel subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: kube-flannel-cfg namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel data: cni-conf.json: | { "name": "cbr0", "cniVersion": "0.3.1", "plugins": [ { "type": "flannel", "delegate": { "hairpinMode": true, "isDefaultGateway": true } }, { "type": "portmap", "capabilities": { "portMappings": true } } ] } net-conf.json: | { "Network": "10.244.0.0/16", "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan" } } --- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: selector: matchLabels: app: flannel template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: affinity: nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: kubernetes.io/os operator: In values: - linux hostNetwork: true priorityClassName: system-node-critical tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2 command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2 command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfg
默认镜像地址无法访问，sed命令修改为docker hub镜像仓库。
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95 1/1 Running 0 72s
7. 测试kubernetes集群
在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod，验证是否正常运行：
$ kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
$ kubectl get pod,svc
访问地址：http://NodeIP:Port
