文件防删除保护(miniifiter)
0x01 思路(原理)
驱动层文件保护的思路是通过minifilter过滤文件删除相关的IRP,并将目标文件与被保护文件相比较,命中保护规则的话返回STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED拒绝访问;也可以进一步利用回调函数获取的FLT_CALLBACK_DATA结构体解析文件删除操作对应的发起者进程,与白名单进程(允许执行删除操作的进程)相比较。
需要过滤的IRP类型:IRP_MJ_SET_INFORMATION与IRP_MJ_CREATE(或还有其他类型IRP需要过滤,尚未知)
IRP_MJ_SET_INFORMATION的产生原因一般是请求设置文件属性等等,比如ZwSetInformationFile函数可以发起此IRP.这里顺带说一句的是,许多驱动都用ZwSetInformationFile函数来实现强删文件的,比如腾讯电脑管家中的TSSysKit.sys驱动中文件穿透操作的删除文件就是调用ZwSetInformationFile函数将FileInformationClass设为FileDispositionInformation且((PFILE_DISPOSITION_INFORMATION)Irp->AssociatedIrp.SystemBuffer)->DeleteFile设为TRUE来达到删除文件的目的(如果是强删正在运行的文件,那么还需将文件对象的SectionObjectPointer->ImageSectionObject和 SectionObjectPointer->DataSectionObject 两个字段置零)。因此,对于IRP_MJ_SET_INFORMATION,应当检查FileInformationClass是否是FileRenameInformation和FileShortNameInformation标志。
IRP_MJ_CREATE的产生原因一般是请求打开文件句柄,文件对象以及其他内核对象等等,比如ZwCreateFile函数可以发起此IRP.如果ZwCreateFile函数指定了FILE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE标志,那么当最后一个文件句柄被NtClose关闭时,文件会被删除,这也就是过滤IRP_MJ_CREATE的原因。因此,对于IRP_MJ_CREATE,应当检查是否有FILE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE 标志指定。
0x01 源码及注释如下
1 #include <fltKernel.h> 2 //#include "FileDeleteProtect.h" 3 4 #define DEBUG 5 #ifdef DEBUG 6 #define DBG_PRINTF(_fmt, ...) DbgPrint(_fmt, __VA_ARGS__) 7 #else 8 #define DBG_PRINTF(_fmt, ...) { NOTHING; } 9 #endif 10 11 12 DRIVER_INITIALIZE DriverEntry; 13 14 NTSTATUS DriverEntry(_In_ PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, _In_ PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath); 15 NTSTATUS Unload(_In_ FLT_FILTER_UNLOAD_FLAGS Flags); 16 FLT_PREOP_CALLBACK_STATUS PreAntiDelete(_Inout_ PFLT_CALLBACK_DATA Data, _In_ PCFLT_RELATED_OBJECTS FltObjects, _Flt_CompletionContext_Outptr_ PVOID *CompletionContext); 17 18 //过滤IRP的回调数组 19 CONST FLT_OPERATION_REGISTRATION Callbacks[] = { 20 { IRP_MJ_CREATE, 0, PreAntiDelete, NULL }, // DELETE_ON_CLOSE 标志. 21 { IRP_MJ_SET_INFORMATION, 0, PreAntiDelete, NULL }, // FileDispositionInformation(Ex). 22 { IRP_MJ_OPERATION_END } 23 }; 24 25 CONST FLT_REGISTRATION FilterRegistration = { 26 sizeof(FLT_REGISTRATION), // Size 27 FLT_REGISTRATION_VERSION, // Version 28 0, // Flags 29 NULL, // ContextRegistration 30 Callbacks, // OperationRegistration 31 Unload, // FilterUnloadCallback 32 NULL, // InstanceSetupCallback 33 NULL, // InstanceQueryTeardownCallback 34 NULL, // InstanceTeardownStartCallback 35 NULL, // InstanceTeardownCompleteCallback 36 NULL, // GenerateFileNameCallback 37 NULL, // NormalizeNameComponentCallback 38 NULL // NormalizeContextCleanupCallback 39 }; 40 41 PFLT_FILTER Filter; 42 static UNICODE_STRING Protected = RTL_CONSTANT_STRING(L"EXE"); 43 44 NTSTATUS DriverEntry(_In_ PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, _In_ PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath) { 45 46 UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(RegistryPath); 47 48 NTSTATUS Status = FltRegisterFilter(DriverObject, &FilterRegistration, &Filter); 49 if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status)) { 50 DBG_PRINTF("Failed to register filter: <0x%08x>.\n", Status); 51 return Status; 52 } 53 54 Status = FltStartFiltering(Filter); 55 if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status)) { 56 DBG_PRINTF("Failed to start filter: <0x%08x>.\n", Status); 57 FltUnregisterFilter(Filter); 58 } 59 60 return Status; 61 } 62 63 NTSTATUS Unload(_In_ FLT_FILTER_UNLOAD_FLAGS Flags) { 64 UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Flags); 65 DBG_PRINTF("Unload called.\n"); 66 FltUnregisterFilter(Filter); 67 68 return STATUS_SUCCESS; 69 } 70 71 /* 72 * PreCallback的调用时机 73 * IRP_MJ_CREATE——ZwCreateFile 74 * IRP_MJ_SET_INFORMATION——ZwSetInformation. 75 */ 76 FLT_PREOP_CALLBACK_STATUS PreAntiDelete(_Inout_ PFLT_CALLBACK_DATA Data, _In_ PCFLT_RELATED_OBJECTS FltObjects, _Flt_CompletionContext_Outptr_ PVOID *CompletionContext) { 77 UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(CompletionContext); 78 PAGED_CODE();//PreCallback的IRQL应当<= APC_LEVEL 79 80 FLT_PREOP_CALLBACK_STATUS Status = FLT_PREOP_SUCCESS_NO_CALLBACK;//不再调用postoperation callback routine, 81 82 83 BOOLEAN IsDirectory;//目录操作跳过,不管 84 NTSTATUS status = FltIsDirectory(FltObjects->FileObject, FltObjects->Instance, &IsDirectory); 85 if (NT_SUCCESS(status)) { 86 if (IsDirectory == TRUE) { 87 return Status; 88 } 89 } 90 91 if (Data->Iopb->MajorFunction == IRP_MJ_CREATE) { 92 if (!FlagOn(Data->Iopb->Parameters.Create.Options, FILE_DELETE_ON_CLOSE)) { 93 return Status; 94 } 95 } 96 97 98 if (Data->Iopb->MajorFunction == IRP_MJ_SET_INFORMATION) { 99 switch (Data->Iopb->Parameters.SetFileInformation.FileInformationClass) { 100 case FileRenameInformation: 101 case FileRenameInformationEx: 102 case FileDispositionInformation: 103 case FileDispositionInformationEx: 104 case FileRenameInformationBypassAccessCheck: 105 case FileRenameInformationExBypassAccessCheck: 106 case FileShortNameInformation: 107 break; 108 default: 109 return Status; 110 } 111 } 112 113 /* 114 ZwCreateFile和ZwSetInformation函数都是运行在PASSIVE_LEVEL的,所以当前的线程上下文 115 应当就是ZwCreateFile或ZwSetInformation函数的调用者进程对应的线程的上下文Context, 116 所以这里可以判断调用者进程是否在白名单中(如果存在白名单进程的话) 117 if (IoThreadToProcess(Data->Thread) == WhiteListProcess) { 118 return FLT_PREOP_SUCCESS_NO_CALLBACK; 119 } 120 */ 121 122 PFLT_FILE_NAME_INFORMATION FileNameInfo = NULL; 123 if (FltObjects->FileObject != NULL) { 124 status = FltGetFileNameInformation(Data, FLT_FILE_NAME_NORMALIZED | FLT_FILE_NAME_QUERY_DEFAULT, &FileNameInfo); 125 if (NT_SUCCESS(status)) { 126 FltParseFileNameInformation(FileNameInfo); 127 //if (RtlCompareUnicodeString(&FileNameInfo->Name, &Protected, TRUE) == 0) { 128 if (RtlCompareUnicodeString(&FileNameInfo->Extension, &Protected, TRUE) == 0) { 129 DBG_PRINTF("Protecting file deletion/rename!"); 130 Data->IoStatus.Status = STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED; 131 Data->IoStatus.Information = 0; 132 Status = FLT_PREOP_COMPLETE; 133 } 134 // Clean up file name information. 135 FltReleaseFileNameInformation(FileNameInfo); 136 } 137 } 138 139 return Status; 140 }