2. Netty源码分析之使用篇

 

前言：在阅读Netty源码前，我们先了解下Netty的基本使用方法。

一、服务端代码

public class TimeServer {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int port = 8080;
        if (args != null && args.length > 0) {
            try {
                port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                // 采用默认值
            }
        }
        new TimeServer().bind(port);
    }
    
    public void bind(int port) throws Exception {
        // 配置服务端的NIO线程组
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
                    .childHandler(new ChildChannelHandler());
            // 绑定端口，同步等待成功
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();

            // 等待服务端监听端口关闭
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            // 优雅退出，释放线程池资源
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    private class ChildChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
        @Override
        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel arg0) throws Exception {
            arg0.pipeline().addLast(new TimeServerHandler());
        }

    }
}


public class TimeServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");
        System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + body);
        String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(body)
                ? new java.util.Date(System.currentTimeMillis()).toString()
                : "BAD ORDER";
　　　　 // 创建UnpooledHeapByteBuf,同时设置对象的各个值（copy了一份byte数组放进buffer对象中）
        ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes());
        ctx.write(resp);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        ctx.close();
    }
}

二、客户端代码

public class TimeClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int port = 8080;
        if (args != null && args.length > 0) {
            try {
                port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                // 采用默认值
            }
        }
        new TimeClient().connect(port, "127.0.0.1");
    }

    public void connect(int port, String host) throws Exception {
        // 配置客户端NIO线程组
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new TimeClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            // 发起异步连接操作
            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();

            // 当代客户端链路关闭
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            // 优雅退出，释放NIO线程组
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}


public class TimeClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TimeClientHandler.class.getName());
    private final ByteBuf firstMessage;

    /**
     * Creates a client-side handler.
     */
    public TimeClientHandler() {
        byte[] req = "QUERY TIME ORDER".getBytes();
        firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(req.length);
        firstMessage.writeBytes(req);
    }

    /**
     * 当客户端连接上服务端时，会触发ChannelActive(..)
     */
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.writeAndFlush(firstMessage);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");
        System.out.println("Now is : " + body);
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        // 释放资源
        logger.warning("Unexpected exception from downstream : " + cause.getMessage());
        ctx.close();
    }
}