C#比较dynamic和Dictionary性能

开发中需要传递变参,考虑使用 dynamic 还是 Dictionary(准确地说是Dictionary<string,object>)。dynamic 的编码体验显著优于 Dictionary,如果性能差距不大的话,我会选择使用dynamic。搜索后没有找到类似对比数据,决定自行实验。

首先使用以下测试代码:

public void TestDynamic()
{
    var e = CallDynamic(new { Value = 0 });
    int v = e.Value;
}

public void TestDictionary() 
{
    var dict = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    dict["Value"] = 0;
    dict = CallDictionary(dict);
    int v = (int)dict["Value"];
}

private dynamic CallDynamic(dynamic test)
{
    int v = test.Value;
    v++;
    return new { Value = v };
}

private Dictionary<string, object> CallDictionary(
    Dictionary<string, object> test)
{
    int v = (int)test["Value"];
    v++;
    var dict = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    dict["Value"] = v;
    return dict;
}

分别比较运行 1次、10次、100次、1000次、1e4次、1e5次、1e6次 时间
结果:

其中dynamic列和dynamic2列的数据分别是:

在一次运行中执行一步测试 和 在一次运行中连续执行所有测试

分析测试过程和数据,得到以下结论:

1.dynamic首次使用会产生一定的性能损耗
2.无论是否首次使用,使用次数达到一定量级,dynamic性能一定优于Dictionary
3.一次运行中连续使用dynamic会显著拉低平均性能损耗

考虑到传递变参可能出现多个参数,以上测试不完全。

使用以下代码进行第二阶段实验:

public void InvokeDynamic()
{
    var e = CallDynamic2(
        new { Value1 = 0, Value2 = 0L, Value3 = 0f, Value4 = 0.0, Value5 = "test" });
    int v1 = e.Value1;
    long v2 = e.Value2;
    float v3 = e.Value3;
    double v4 = e.Value4;
    string v5 = e.Value5;
}

public void InvokeDictionary()
{
    var dict = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    dict["Value1"] = 0;
    dict["Value2"] = 0L;
    dict["Value3"] = 0f;
    dict["Value4"] = 0.0;
    dict["Value5"] = "test";
    dict = CallDictionary2(dict);
    int v1 = (int)dict["Value1"];
    long v2 = (long)dict["Value2"];
    float v3 = (float)dict["Value3"];
    double v4 = (double)dict["Value4"];
    string v5 = (string)dict["Value5"];
}

private dynamic CallDynamic2(dynamic test)
{
    int v1 = test.Value1;
    long v2 = test.Value2;
    float v3 = test.Value3;
    double v4 = test.Value4;
    string v5 = test.Value5;
    v1++;
    v2++;
    v3++;
    v4++;
    v5 += "test";
    return new { Value1 = v1, Value2 = v2, Value3 = v3, Value4 = v4, Value5 = v5 };
}

private Dictionary<string, object> CallDictionary2(
    Dictionary<string, object> test)
{
    int v1 = (int)test["Value1"];
    long v2 = (long)test["Value2"];
    float v3 = (float)test["Value3"];
    double v4 = (double)test["Value4"];
    string v5 = (string)test["Value5"];
    v1++;
    v2++;
    v3++;
    v4++;
    v5 += "test";
    var dict = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    dict["Value1"] = v1;
    dict["Value2"] = v2;
    dict["Value3"] = v3;
    dict["Value4"] = v4;
    dict["Value5"] = v5;
    return dict;
}

结果数据:

最后决定选择使用dynamic

有兄弟考虑可能Box损耗了性能导致Dictionary表现不佳,
专门做了第三阶段实验,对比dynamic和Dictionary<string,long>

具体数据不贴了,结果是dynamic在100000量级快一倍

posted @ 2016-03-25 15:59  青春已不再  阅读(2861)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报