SharePoint2013与SharePoint2016语言切换原理以及如何使用代码进行语言切换

1、前言

在SharePoint 2010版本，在首页面直接"选择显示语言"的菜单（如下图所示），如下图：

在sharepoint2013和sharepoint2016并非如此。

这里首先需要安装语言包，SharePoint2016语言包下载地址：

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=51492

SharePoint2013语言包下载地址：

https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/download/details.aspx?id=37140

注意：下载安装完毕后都要进行重新配置

在【网站设置】-【语言设置】设置备用语言，这里为英语，如下图
进行【关于我】进行【语言区域设置】如下图：

2、原理

上面说到SharePoint2010的语言切换根据记录cookie的方式可以快速进行切换，只要记录cookie的值lcid值，对于SharePoint2013和SharePoint2016的语言采用此方式不行，根据IE语言版本来确定显示哪个语言？，因此我们这里使用Fiddler工具进行http头文件的获取分析，主要分析：Accept-Language

说明：

Accept-Language：浏览器所希望的语言种类，当服务器能够提供一种以上的语言版本时要用到；根据http头的情况，用代码修改Accept-Language的设置来模拟设置语言版本的切换

我们打开英文站点：http://sp2016 用Fiddler抓取分析，如下图：

分析结果：
我们打开中文站点：http://sp2016（切换后）的Fiddler抓取图，如下图：

既然知道这个原理，切换代码把每次要切换的语言版本保存到cookie值里，那么我们第一次系统用代码切换前cookie值为空设置一个默认为中文，使用httpModule方式来分析http头的Accept-Language的值，如果包含en-US就设置为英文版本，如果包含zh-CN就设置为中文。明白原理写代码就方便多了。

3、代码

HttpModule.cs源码如下：

using System;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.UI;

using Microsoft.SharePoint;

using System.Threading;

using Microsoft.SharePoint.Utilities;

 

namespace CSSharePointLangSwitcher.LangSwitcherPage

{

public class HTTPSwitcherModule : IHttpModule

{

/// <summary>

/// You will need to configure this module in the web.config file of your

/// web and register it with IIS before being able to use it. For more information

/// see the following link: http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=8101007

/// </summary>

#region IHttpModule Members

 

public void Dispose()

{

//clean-up code here.

}

 

/// <summary>

/// Init event

/// </summary>

/// <param name="context"></param>

public void Init(HttpApplication context)

{

// Below is an example of how you can handle Request event and provide

// custom logging implementation for it

context.PreRequestHandlerExecute += context_PreRequestHandlerExecute;

}

 

#endregion

 

/// <summary>

/// Assuming the selected language is stored in a cookie. Firstly, get the selected

/// language from cookie. Then add the selected language to the request header.

/// Finally, use the selected language for the current culture.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender"></param>

/// <param name="e"></param>

void context_PreRequestHandlerExecute(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

// Get current application.

HttpApplication httpApp = sender as HttpApplication;

 

// Get all HTTP-specific information about current HTTP request.

HttpContext context = httpApp.Context;

 

// Current language.

string strLanguage = string.Empty;

 

// The key of current selected language in the cookies.

string strKeyName = "LangSwitcher_Setting";

 

try

{

// Set the current language.

if (httpApp.Request.Cookies[strKeyName] != null)

{

strLanguage = httpApp.Request.Cookies[strKeyName].Value;

}

else

{

strLanguage = "zh-cn";

}

 

var lang = context.Request.Headers["Accept-Language"];

if (lang != null)

{

if (!lang.Contains(strLanguage))

context.Request.Headers["Accept-Language"] = strLanguage + "," + context.Request.Headers["Accept-Language"];

 

var culture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo(strLanguage);

 

// Apply the culture.

SPUtility.SetThreadCulture(culture, culture);

}

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);

}

}

}

}

切换代码如下：

/// <summary>

/// Save current selected language to cookie.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender"></param>

/// <param name="e"></param>

protected void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

if (ddlLanguages.SelectedIndex > 0)

{

// Selected language.

string strLanguage = ddlLanguages.SelectedValue;

 

// Set the Cookies.

HttpCookie acookie = new HttpCookie(strKeyName);

acookie.Value = strLanguage;

acookie.Expires = DateTime.MaxValue;

Response.Cookies.Add(acookie);

 

Response.Redirect(Request.RawUrl);

}

}