Winform虚拟/模拟键盘
项目需要在触摸屏上增加一个虚拟键盘。记录下过程中遇到的问题及解决方法。
1.模拟按键
网上找到如下3种方法
1)SendKeys.Send
测试单独的shift不好用,所以最终未采纳此方法
SendKeys.Send("^{E}");//shift+e SendKeys.Send("{Enter}");
2)keybd_event
最终选择了这个方法,简单有效。
虚拟按键对照表:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/inputdev/virtual-key-codes
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "keybd_event", SetLastError = true)] public static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, uint dwExtraInfo); [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "keybd_event", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern void keybd_event(Keys bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, uint dwExtraInfo);
public static uint KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0;// 键按下 KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0
public static uint KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2;//键弹起 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2
keybd_event(0x14, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN, 0); //键按下 KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0
keybd_event(0x14, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0); //键弹起 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2
3)PostMessage
这个方法也是简单有效,但是据说有些其他问题,没有仔细研究,有兴趣的可以自己研究。
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "PostMessageA", SetLastError = true)] public static extern int PostMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, Keys wParam, int lParam); PostMessage(textBox2.Handle, 256, Keys.D, 2);//模拟按下2次 Keys.D
2.各种类型键的处理
微软对键盘输入有进行了分类,可以参考这个。
https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/win32/learnwin32/keyboard-input
1)CapsLock键/NumLock键
想要实现键盘按下抬起与界面效果相同,就需要捕获键盘操作。我使用了Hook
以下这篇博客写的很清晰明了,就不赘述了。
https://www.cnblogs.com/chorm590/p/14199978.html
在hook回调函数中做了如下处理
private int keyboardHookCallback(int code, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam) { if (code < 0) { return User32.CallNextHookEx(IntPtr.Zero, code, wParam, lParam); } else { Keyboard_LL_Hook_Data khd = (Keyboard_LL_Hook_Data)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(Keyboard_LL_Hook_Data)); System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine($"key event:{wParam}, key code:{khd.vkCode}, event time:{khd.time}"); if ((int)wParam == 256 && khd.vkCode == 0x14) { IsCapsLockDown = !IsCapsLockDown; } return User32.CallNextHookEx(IntPtr.Zero, code, wParam, lParam); } } private bool isCapsLockDown; private bool IsCapsLockDown { get { return isCapsLockDown; } set { isCapsLockDown = value; this.buttonCapsLock.BackColor = value ? Color.Gray : Control.DefaultBackColor; } } private void buttonCapsLock_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { User32.keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.CAPS_LOCK, 0, 0, 0); //键按下 KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0 User32.keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.CAPS_LOCK, 0, 2, 0); //键弹起 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2 }
初始化时同步键盘CapsLock/NumLock状态,使用user32.GetKeyState.返回值等于1则按下状态
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)] public static extern short GetKeyState(int keyCode); public static bool GetState(byte VKeyCode) { return (User32.GetKeyState(VKeyCode) == 1); }
2)其他组合键处理
ctrl+shift切换输入法,只响应这一种功能键+功能键。其他小伙伴有好的方法可以分享一下。
3)输入键+组合键
如ctrl+c,ctrl+v,ctrl+a,ctrl+z等等。
此方法不是最优方式,可以改进功能键存放在Queue中,遍历功能键,按顺序响应。
private void HandleKeysCombin(byte VKCode) { //设置焦点控件 this.ActiveControl = this.m_CustomActiveControl; lock (this) { if (IsCtrlDown) { keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.CTRL, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN, 0); //键按下 KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0 } if (IsShiftDown) { keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.SHIFT, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN, 0); //键按下 KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0 } if (IsAltDown) { keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.ALT, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN, 0); //键按下 KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0 } keybd_event(VKCode, VKCode, User32.KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN, 0); //键按下 KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0 keybd_event(VKCode, VKCode, User32.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0); //键弹起 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2 if (IsCtrlDown) { keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.CTRL, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0); //键弹起 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2 IsCtrlDown = false; } if (IsShiftDown) { keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.SHIFT, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0); //键弹起 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2 IsShiftDown = false; } if (IsAltDown) { keybd_event(VirtualKeyCode.ALT, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0); //键弹起 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 2 IsAltDown = false; } } }
3.窗体/UserControl焦点的处理
这篇里面方法简单好用,不赘述
https://blog.csdn.net/accomp/article/details/7209052