lamp平台构建
lamp平台构建
环境说明：
| 系统平台 | IP | 需要安装的服务 |
|---|---|---|
| centos7,redhat7 | 172.16.12.128 | httpd-2.4,mysql-5.7,php,php-mysql |
lamp平台软件安装次序：
httpd --> mysql --> php
注意：php要求httpd使用prefork MPM
安装httpd
删除本地仓库
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf myrepo.repo
在阿里云镜像下载centos8
[root@localhost ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo
安装开发工具包
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum groups mark install 'Development Tools'
创建apache服务的用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
[root@localhost ~]# id apache
uid=994(apache) gid=991(apache) groups=991(apache)
安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++
下载和安装apr以及apr-util
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bzip2
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2
解压apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-1.6.5
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# vim configure
# $RM "$cfgfile" //将此行加上注释，或者删除此行
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# make && make install
解压apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2
apr-1.6.5 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-util-1.6.1
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
解压httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
apr-1.6.5 apr-util-1.6.1 httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# make && make install
安装后配置
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# which httpd
/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
ServerName www.example.com:80 去掉前面的#或删除整行
启动apache
[root@localhost ~]# which apachectl
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]# cp sshd.service httpd.service
[root@localhost system]# vim httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=httpd server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecStop=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost system]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - OpenSSH server daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: >
Active: inactive (dead)
[root@localhost system]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost system]# systemctl disable firewalld
安装mysql
创建用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost ~]# id mysql
uid=993(mysql) gid=990(mysql) groups=990(mysql)
下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug kernels mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
解压软件至/usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
做一个软链接
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*
配置环境变量
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files
[root@localhost mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql]# which mysql
添加配置include
[root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
添加配置lib
[root@localhost mysql]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib/' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost mysql]# ldconfig
添加配置man
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man
建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@localhost mysql]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 2 16:19 data
初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/
2022-08-02T08:21:05.817290Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: y-reJSy8abGj
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'y-reJSy8abGj' > password
[root@localhost ~]# cat password
y-reJSy8abGj
生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
datadir=/opt/data/
启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
使用临时密码登录
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'y-reJSy8abGj'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
设置新密码
mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
安装php
下载epel镜像
[root@localhost src]# yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
安装依赖包
[root@localhost src]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel --allowerasing --nobest
下载php
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz php-7.4.30.tar.gz
kernels php-7.4.30
编译安装php
[root@localhost src]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-gd \
--with-jpeg \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--with-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you for using PHP.
[root@localhost src]#make && make install
出现错误
configure: error: Package requirements (libxml-2.0 >= 2.7.6) were not met:No package 'libxml-2.0' found 解决办法：yum install -y libxml2-devel
configure: error: Package requirements (sqlite3 > 3.7.4) were not met:No package 'sqlite3' found 解决办法：yum install libsqlite3x-devel -y
configure: error: Package requirements (libcurl >= 7.15.5) were not met:
解决方法：yum install -y libcurl-devel.x86_64
configure: error: Package requirements (libjpeg) were not met: 解决方法：yum -y install libjpeg-devel
安装后配置
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# php -v
PHP 7.4.30 (cli) (built: Aug 2 2022 23:06:10) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
配置php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
cp: overwrite '/etc/php.ini'? y
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
//启动php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]# cp sshd.service php-fpm.service
[root@localhost system]# vim php-fpm.service
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_65441164/article/details/126131525
[Unit]
Description=php-fpm server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# systemctl enable php-fpm
Synchronizing state of php-fpm.service with SysV service script with /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable php-fpm
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
配置apache
启用代理模块
在apache httpd 2.4以后已经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现，此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩展，因此，这两个模块都要加载，编辑httpd.conf文件，取消以下两行内容的注释:
- LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
- LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
启用httpd的相关模块
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
119 LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
123 LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
配置虚拟主机
启用代理模块
在需要使用fcgi的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行：
ProxyRequests Off //关闭正向代理
ProxyPassMatch^/(.*.php)$fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1
例如
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/idfsoft.com/$1
以上设置表示把以.php结尾的文件请求发送到php-fpm进程，php-fpm至少需要知道运行的目录和URI，所以这里直接在fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000后指明了这两个参数，其它参数的传递已经被mod_proxy_fcgi.so进行了封装，不需要手动指定。
注意：
这里写的/var/www/html/是yum源安装方式生成的网页存放目录，这里必须改成你编译安装指定的网页存放路径，禁止直接复制我这里的路径
这里的idfsoft.com是域名，你必须改成你所使用的域名，禁止直接复制此处的域名
这里的$1表示匹配所有以.php结尾的http请求
创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@localhost htdocs]# rm -rf index.html
[root@localhost htdocs]# mkdir laji
[root@localhost htdocs]# vim /usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji/index.php
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@localhost ~]# ll -d /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 18 Aug 2 23:54 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji"
ServerName www.ljl.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji/$1
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/laji">
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
搜索AddType
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php 添加这行
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps 添加这行
Include /etc/httpd24/extra/proxy-html.conf 删除前面的#
Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 删除前面的#
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/ DirectoryIndex/s/index.html/index.php index.html/g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
重启apache服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
验证
修改/etc/hosts文件，添加域名与IP的映射
在c盘下的c:/Windows/system32/drivers/etc/hosts添加以下数据
192.168.203.137 www.ljl.com
浏览器上使用域名访问，若看到以下界面则表示lamp架构搭建成功，否则请检查你的操作
