helm部署
- 安装helm客户端
# 下载二进制包
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-helm/helm-v2.14.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# 减压文件
tar xvf helm-v2.14.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# 拷贝文件到执行目录
cp linux-amd64/helm /usr/bin/
- helm server安装
# 初始化安装helm server
helm init --upgrade -i registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/tiller:v2.14.3 \
--stable-repo-url https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts
# -i 指定了使用的镜像
# --stable-repo-url 指定镜像地址
- 配置RBAC（helm server需要集群管理的权限）
# 创建SA账户"tiller"
kubectl create serviceaccount --namespace kube-system tiller
# 创建集群角色规则，即：将cluster-admin角色赋予tiller账户
kubectl create clusterrolebinding tiller-cluster-rule \
--clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:tiller
# 为tiller-deploy(helm server)挂载tiller账户
kubectl patch deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy \
-p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"serviceAccount":"tiller"}}}}'
- 验证安装
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm version
Client: &version.Version{SemVer:"v2.14.3", GitCommit:"0e7f3b6637f7af8fcfddb3d2941fcc7cbebb0085", GitTreeState:"clean"}
Server: &version.Version{SemVer:"v2.14.3", GitCommit:"0e7f3b6637f7af8fcfddb3d2941fcc7cbebb0085", GitTreeState:"clean"}
- 更新repo
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm repo update
Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories...
...Successfully got an update from the "gistack" chart repository
...Successfully got an update from the "stable" chart repository
Update Complete.
基本用法
# 搜索应用（以mysql为例）
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm search mysql
NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
gistack/mysql 0.1.1 5.7 Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-source rel...
stable/mysql 1.4.0 5.7.27 Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-source rel...
stable/mysqldump 2.6.0 2.4.1 A Helm chart to help backup MySQL databases using mysqldump
stable/prometheus-mysql-exporter 0.5.1 v0.11.0 A Helm chart for prometheus mysql exporter with cloudsqlp...
stable/percona 1.2.0 5.7.17 free, fully compatible, enhanced, open source drop-in rep...
stable/percona-xtradb-cluster 1.0.2 5.7.19 free, fully compatible, enhanced, open source drop-in rep...
stable/phpmyadmin 4.0.0 4.9.1 phpMyAdmin is an mysql administration frontend
stable/gcloud-sqlproxy 0.6.1 1.11 DEPRECATED Google Cloud SQL Proxy
stable/mariadb 6.12.0 10.3.18 Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-source rel...
# 部署应用
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm install stable/mysql --name mysql --namespace default
NAME: mysql
LAST DEPLOYED: Wed Oct 23 13:14:44 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED
RESOURCES:
==> v1/ConfigMap
NAME DATA AGE
mysql-test 1 0s
==> v1/Deployment
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
mysql 0/1 1 0 0s
==> v1/PersistentVolumeClaim
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
mysql Bound pvc-998f967c-a667-416d-aba1-2a3c7bf943ec 8Gi RWO nfs-devel 0s
==> v1/Pod(related)
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
mysql-57f6d6fbbb-lrpf8 0/1 Pending 0 0s
==> v1/Secret
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
mysql Opaque 2 0s
==> v1/Service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
mysql ClusterIP 10.43.91.169 <none> 3306/TCP 0s
# 查看已部署的应用
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm ls
NAME REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION NAMESPACE
mysql 1 Wed Oct 23 13:14:44 2019 DEPLOYED mysql-1.4.0 5.7.27 default
# 删除应用
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm delete mysql
release "mysql" deleted
# 删除应用记录
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm ls --all
NAME REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION NAMESPACE
mysql 1 Wed Oct 23 13:14:44 2019 DELETED mysql-1.4.0 5.7.27 default
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm delete --purge mysql
release "mysql" deleted
创建自定义应用
# 创建一个app目录用于存放helm生成的文件
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ mkdir app && cd app
# 创建应用模板（默认为nginx应用），命名为myapp1
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm create myapp1
Creating myapp1
# 生成一个myapp1的文件夹，文件结构如下
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ tree myapp1/
myapp1/
├── Chart.yaml
├── charts
├── templates
│ ├── NOTES.txt
│ ├── _helpers.tpl
│ ├── deployment.yaml
│ ├── ingress.yaml
│ ├── service.yaml
│ └── tests
│ └── test-connection.yaml
└── values.yaml
3 directories, 8 files
# Chart.yaml,应用说明，包括版本、作者、注释等
# charts文件夹，存放应用依赖的其它应用打包文件
# templates文件夹，存放应用编排模板文件
# values.yaml,模板中引用的值，主要修改此处实现定制
# 通过模板创建出的应用能满足大多数无状态应用的定制
应用上传到本地仓库
# 开启本地仓库
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ helm serve
Regenerating index. This may take a moment.
Now serving you on 127.0.0.1:8879
# 检查myapp1文件
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm lint myapp1/
==> Linting myapp1/
[INFO] Chart.yaml: icon is recommended
1 chart(s) linted, no failures
# 打包myapp1
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm package myapp1/
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /home/wangw/app/myapp1-0.1.0.tgz
# 生成了myapp1-0.1.0.tgz文件
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ ls
myapp1 myapp1-0.1.0.tgz
# 查看本地仓库，已经存在了myapp1
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ curl localhost:8879
<html>
<head>
<title>Helm Repository</title>
</head>
<h1>Helm Charts Repository</h1>
<ul>
<li>myapp1<ul>
<li><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts/myapp1-0.1.0.tgz">myapp1-0.1.0</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<body>
<p>Last Generated: 2019-10-23 13:35:32.0383579 +0800 CST</p>
</body>
</html>
添加本地仓库
# 添加仓库
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm repo add localrepo http://localhost:8879
"localrepo" has been added to your repositories
# 查看已添加仓库列表
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm repo list
NAME URL
stable https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com/
localrepo http://localhost:8879
部署自定义应用
# 搜索myapp1
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm search myapp1
NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
localrepo/myapp1 0.1.0 1.0 A Helm chart for Kubernetes
# 部署myapp1
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm install myapp1 --name myapp1 --namespace default
NAME: myapp1
LAST DEPLOYED: Wed Oct 23 13:42:19 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED
RESOURCES:
==> v1/Deployment
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
myapp1 0/1 0 0 0s
==> v1/Service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
myapp1 ClusterIP 10.43.209.50 <none> 80/TCP 0s
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=myapp1,app.kubernetes.io/instance=myapp1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application"
kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80
# 查看myapp1运行情况
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm status myapp1
LAST DEPLOYED: Wed Oct 23 13:42:19 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED
RESOURCES:
==> v1/Deployment
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
myapp1 1/1 1 1 2m10s
==> v1/Pod(related)
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myapp1-5945568b98-ctmmw 1/1 Running 0 2m10s
==> v1/Service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
myapp1 ClusterIP 10.43.209.50 <none> 80/TCP 2m10s
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=myapp1,app.kubernetes.io/instance=myapp1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application"
kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80
应用访问
# 本地代理pod端口
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ kubectl port-forward myapp1-5945568b98-ctmmw 8080:80
Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:8080 -> 80
Forwarding from [::1]:8080 -> 80
# 访问应用
wangw@DESKTOP:~$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
应用删除
wangw@DESKTOP:~/app$ helm delete --purge myapp1
release "myapp1" deleted
