SpringMVC注解开发
注解：
注解就是类似于添加注释，但是又不跟注释完全一样，注解可以理解为将类或者方法与特定的信息进行关联。
一.使用@Controller
@Controller继承@Component注解方法，将其以单例形成放置spring容器中，然后spring会通过配置文件中的<context:component-scan>的配置，进行如下操作
1.扫描class文件，并将包含@Component及元注解为@Component的注解@Controller、@Service、@Repository或者其他自定义的的bean注册到beanFactory中。
2.然后spring在注册处理器
3.实例化处理器，然后将其放到beanPostFactory中，然后我们就可以在类中进行使用了。
4.创建bean时，会自动调用相应的处理器进行处理。
举个具体使用@Controller的实例与@RequestMapping的例子，
UseController.java
package com.zk.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller//<bean id="UserController" class="UserController路径">
public class UserController {
//@RequestMapping("hello")
//访问路径注意更改
//请求映射value="/hello.do",
//@RequestMapping("hello")
//@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")
@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method=RequestMethod.GET)
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello(){
return "hello";
}
}
SpringMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zk.Controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置注解处理器映射器
功能：寻找执行类Controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置注解处理器适配器
功能：调用controller方法，执行controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
Hello,UserController <br>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<display-name>Spring_005</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--
Spring 默认加载SpringMVC的配置文件，这个需要满足一下规则：
命名规则：Servlet-name-servlet.xml========>SpringMVC-servlet.xml
路径规范SpringMVC-serlvet.xml必须放在WEB-INF下
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
运行结果如下：
二.向后台传递参数
1.传递string类型参数
可以使用@RequestMapping向后台传递参数
UserController.java
package com.zk.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.zk.data.User;
import com.zk.data.UserCustom;
@Controller//<bean id="UserController" class="UserController路径">
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello(){
return "hello";
}
@RequestMapping("/receiveInt")
public String receiveInt(String id){
try {
System.out.println(id);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
}
SpringMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zk.Controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置注解处理器映射器
功能：寻找执行类Controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置注解处理器适配器
功能：调用controller方法，执行controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
Hello,UserController <br>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/receiveInt.do" method="post">
<input type="text" id="id" name="id" value="id"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name>Spring_007</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- Spring 默认加载SpringMVC的配置文件，这个需要满足一下规则： 命名规则：Servlet-name-servlet.xml========>SpringMVC-servlet.xml 路径规范SpringMVC-serlvet.xml必须放在WEB-INF下 --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
运行结果：
2.传递对象类型参数
UserController.java
package com.zk.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.zk.data.User;
import com.zk.data.UserCustom;
@Controller//<bean id="UserController" class="UserController路径">
public class UserController {
//访问路径注意更改
//请求映射value="/hello.do",
//@RequestMapping("hello")
//@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method=RequestMethod.GET)
@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello(){
return "hello";
}
@RequestMapping("receive")
public String receiveUser(UserCustom user){
System.out.println(user);
//model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "success";
}
}
User.java
package com.zk.data;
public class User {
public String Sname;
public String Sno;
public String Sid;
public String getSname() {
return Sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
Sname = sname;
}
public String getSno() {
return Sno;
}
public void setSno(String sno) {
Sno = sno;
}
public String getSid() {
return Sid;
}
public void setSid(String sid) {
Sid = sid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [Sname=" + Sname + ", Sno=" + Sno + ", Sid=" + Sid + "]";
}
}
UserCustom.java
package com.zk.data;
public class UserCustom {
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserCustom [user=" + user + "]";
}
}
SpringMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zk.Controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置注解处理器映射器
功能：寻找执行类Controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置注解处理器适配器
功能：调用controller方法，执行controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<!-- ID:<input type="text" name="id" id="id" />-->
Hello,UserController <br>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/receive.do" method="post">
Sname:<input type="text" name="user.Sname" id="Sname"/>
Sid:<input type="text" name="user.Sid" id="Sid"/>
Sage:<input type="text" name="user.Sno" id="Sno"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
运行结果如下：
3.传递数组类型参数
hello2.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/receiveIds.do" method="post">
<!-- ID:<input type="text" name="id" id="id" />-->
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
Id1:<input type="text" name="ids" id="ids" value="1"/>
Id1:<input type="text" name="ids" id="ids" value="2"/>
Id1:<input type="text" name="ids" id="ids" value="3"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
UserController.java
package com.zk.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.zk.data.User;
import com.zk.data.UserCustom;
@Controller//<bean id="UserController" class="UserController路径">
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value="/hello2.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello2(){
return "hello2";
}
//接受数组类型参数
@RequestMapping("receiveIds")
public String receiveIds(Integer[] ids){
for(int id:ids){
System.out.println(id);
}
return "success";
}
}
运行结果如下：
4.传递List类型参数
UserController.java
package com.zk.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.zk.data.User;
import com.zk.data.UserCustom;
@Controller//<bean id="UserController" class="UserController路径">
public class UserController {
//访问路径注意更改
//请求映射value="/hello.do",
//@RequestMapping("hello")
//@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method=RequestMethod.GET)
@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello(){
return "hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/hello2.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello2(){
return "hello2";
}
@RequestMapping("receiveList")
public String receiveUserList(UserCustom user){
for(int count=0;count<user.getUserList().size();count++){
System.out.println(user.getUserList().get(count));
}
//model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "success";
}
}
User.java
package com.zk.data;
public class User {
public String Sname;
public String Sno;
public String Sid;
public String getSname() {
return Sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
Sname = sname;
}
public String getSno() {
return Sno;
}
public void setSno(String sno) {
Sno = sno;
}
public String getSid() {
return Sid;
}
public void setSid(String sid) {
Sid = sid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [Sname=" + Sname + ", Sno=" + Sno + ", Sid=" + Sid + "]";
}
}
UserCustom.java
package com.zk.data;
import java.util.List;
public class UserCustom {
private User user;
private List<User> userList;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public List<User> getUserList() {
return userList;
}
public void setUserList(List<User> userList) {
this.userList = userList;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserCustom [user=" + user + "]";
}
}
success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<form>
<!-- ID:<input type="text" name="id" id="id" />-->
success
</form>
</body>
</html>
hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<!-- ID:<input type="text" name="id" id="id" />-->
Hello,UserController <br>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/receiveList.do" method="post">
Sname:<input type="text" name="userList[0].Sname" id="Sname" value='Sname0'/>
Sid:<input type="text" name="userList[0].Sid" id="Sid" value='Sid0'/>
Sage:<input type="text" name="userList[0].Sno" id="Sno" value='Sno0'/><br>
Sname:<input type="text" name="userList[1].Sname" id="Sname" value='Sname1'/>
Sid:<input type="text" name="userList[1].Sid" id="Sid" value='Sid1'/>
Sage:<input type="text" name="userList[1].Sno" id="Sno" value='Sno1'/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
运行截图：
5.传递Map类型参数
UserController.java
package com.zk.Controller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.zk.data.User;
import com.zk.data.UserCustom;
@Controller//<bean id="UserController" class="UserController路径">
public class UserController {
//访问路径注意更改
//请求映射value="/hello.do",
//@RequestMapping("hello")
//@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")
//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method=RequestMethod.GET)
@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello(){
return "hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/hello2.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public String myHello2(){
return "hello2";
}
@RequestMapping("receiveMap")
public String receiveUserMap(UserCustom user){
System.out.println(user.getUsermap().size());
Map<String,Object> usermap=user.getUsermap();
for(Entry<String, Object> MapObject : usermap.entrySet()){
System.out.println(MapObject.getKey()+":"+MapObject.getValue());
}
//model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "success";
}
}
hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'Hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
Hello,UserController <br>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/receiveMap.do" method="post">
Sname:<input type="text" name="usermap['Sname']" id="Sname" value='Sname0'/>
Sid:<input type="text" name="usermap['Sid']" id="Sid" value='Sid0'/>
Sage:<input type="text" name="usermap['Sno']" id="Sno" value='Sno0'/><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
运行后结果为：
