python 获取linux服务器 CPU、网络读写、磁盘读写、等基础信息，并配置开启启动

这些基础信息，都可以在 /proc 目录里面找到，比如下面这个例子，从文件中获取信息（后面会讲用库的方法

这个例子中，通过/proc/stat 中获取cpu 使用率，类似top命令的功能，主要通过计算cpu在各个阶段使用的时间，来算出使用率

import os
import time

class SystemIndicators():
    def __init__(self):
        self.system_code = 'deepin_os'
        self.start_cpu_info_list = []
        self.end_cpu_info_list = []
        self.quota_data = []
        # self.get_cpu_info()
        # self.get_mem_info

    def get_base_file(self):
        for x in ['start', 'end']:
            with open(r'/proc/stat', 'r') as cpu_f:
                cpu_infos = cpu_f.readlines()
            with open(r'/proc/net/dev', 'r') as net_f:
                net_info = net_f.readlines()

            for cpu_info in cpu_infos:
                if 'cpu' in cpu_info:
                    if x == 'start':
                        start_cpu_info_list = cpu_info.strip(r'\n').split()
                        self.start_cpu_info_list = [int(x) for x in start_cpu_info_list[1:]]
                        time.sleep(2)
                    else:
                        end_cpu_info_list = cpu_info.strip(r'\n').split()
                        self.end_cpu_info_list = [int(x) for x in end_cpu_info_list[1:]]
                    break
            self.metric_time = int(time.time() * 1000)

    def get_cpu_info(self):
        if not self.start_cpu_info_list or not self.end_cpu_info_list:
            return 0
        cpu_info_list = [self.end_cpu_info_list[i] - self.start_cpu_info_list[i] for i in range(0, len(self.end_cpu_info_list))]
        # CPU指标：user，nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq
        # [19453022, 29300, 9361118, 1513684026, 8154469, 0, 13106, 0, 0, 0]
        cpu_all_time = int(sum(cpu_info_list))
        work_time = cpu_info_list[0] + cpu_info_list[1] + cpu_info_list[2]
        metric_value = {
            "common": round((work_time / cpu_all_time) * 100, 2),
            "user": round((cpu_info_list[0] / cpu_all_time) * 100, 2),
            "nice": round((cpu_info_list[1] / cpu_all_time) * 100, 2),
            "system": round((cpu_info_list[2] / cpu_all_time) * 100, 2),
            "idle": round((cpu_info_list[3] / cpu_all_time) * 100, 2),
            "iowait": round((cpu_info_list[4] / cpu_all_time) * 100, 2),
        }

        for metric_type in ['common', 'user', 'nice', 'system', 'iowait', 'idle']:
            data = {
                "metric": "CPU",
                "metricType": metric_type,
                "metricValue": metric_value.get(metric_type),
                "metricTime": self.metric_time
            }
            self.quota_data.append(data)


    def get_mem_info(self):
        mem_total = 0
        mem_available = 0
        with open(r'/proc/meminfo', 'r') as f:
            mem_infos = f.readlines()

        for mem_info in mem_infos:
            info_list = mem_info.split()
            print(info_list[0])
            if info_list[0] == 'MemTotal:':
                mem_total = int(info_list[1])
            elif info_list[0] == 'MemAvailable:':
                mem_available = int(info_list[1])

        data = {
            "metric": "MEMORY",
            "metricType": "common",
            "metricValue": round((mem_total-mem_available) * 100 / mem_total, 2) if mem_total else 0,
            "metricTime": self.metric_time
        }
        self.quota_data.append(data)


    def get_net_info(self):
        pass




if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = SystemIndicators()
    # from pprint import pprint
    # pprint(test.quota_data)
    test.get_mem_info()

　　

• 当然，Python这么强大，也有相应库来实现功能，比如 psutil 库（文档https://psutil.readthedocs.io/en/latest/）很详细了，过一遍很快的
•  贴一下代码实现

• #!/usr/bin/env python3
  
  import configparser, json, os, socket, time
  import psutil, requests
  import logging
  from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
  
  
  class SystemIndicators():
      def __init__(self, config_info):
  
          self.url = config_info['post_url']
          self.header = eval(config_info['header'])
          self.net_card = config_info['net_card']
          self.log_size = int(config_info['log_size'])
          self.metric_time = int(time.time() * 1000)
          self.quota_data = []
          self._init_log()
          self.get_base_info()
  
      def _init_log(self):
          self.log = logging.getLogger()
          fmt = logging.Formatter('[%(asctime)s][%(levelname)s] %(message)s', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
          header = RotatingFileHandler(r'/opt/sys_monitor/monitor.log', 'a', self.log_size * 1024 * 1024, 2, 'utf-8')
          header.setFormatter(fmt)
          self.log.addHandler(header)
          self.log.setLevel(logging.INFO)
  
      def get_base_info(self):
          self.system_code = 'deepin_os'
          self.hostname = socket.gethostname()
          self.ipaddr = ''
          self.mac = ''
          net_ip_info = psutil.net_if_addrs().get(self.net_card)
          if net_ip_info:
              self.ipaddr = net_ip_info[0].address
              self.mac = net_ip_info[2].address
  
      def format_data(self, metric, metric_type, metric_value):
          data = {
              "metric": metric,
              "metricType": metric_type,
              "metricValue": metric_value,
              "metricTime": self.metric_time
          }
          self.quota_data.append(data)
  
      def get_cpu_info(self):
          cpu_info = psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1)
          metric_value = {
              "common": cpu_info.user + cpu_info.nice + cpu_info.system,
              "user": cpu_info.user,
              "nice": cpu_info.nice,
              "system": cpu_info.system,
              "idle": cpu_info.idle,
              "iowait": cpu_info.iowait,
          }
  
          for metric_type in ['common', 'user', 'nice', 'system', 'iowait', 'idle']:
              self.format_data('CPU', metric_type, metric_value.get(metric_type))
  
      def get_mem_info(self):
          mem_info = psutil.virtual_memory()
          self.format_data('MEMORY', 'common', mem_info.percent)
  
      def get_net_and_file_rw_info(self):
          start_net_info = psutil.net_io_counters()
          start_file_rw_info = psutil.disk_io_counters()
          time.sleep(1)
          end_net_info = psutil.net_io_counters()
          end_file_rw_info = psutil.disk_io_counters()
  
          metric_value = {
              "in": end_net_info.bytes_recv - start_net_info.bytes_recv,
              "out": end_net_info.bytes_sent - start_net_info.bytes_sent,
              "read": end_file_rw_info.read_bytes - start_file_rw_info.read_bytes,
              "write": end_file_rw_info.write_bytes - start_file_rw_info.write_bytes
          }
  
          for metric_type in ['in', 'out', 'read', 'write']:
              metric = "NETWORK" if metric_type in ['in', 'out'] else 'FILE_RW'
              self.format_data(metric, metric_type, metric_value.get(metric_type))
  
      def get_disk_info(self):
          disk_info = os.popen("df -m |grep / |awk '{sum +=$3};{sum2 += $4};END {print sum/sum2*100}'").readline()
          self.format_data('DISK', 'common', round(float(disk_info.strip('\n').strip()), 2) if disk_info else 0)
  
      def do_post(self):
          params = {
              "systemCode": self.system_code,
              "ipAddr": self.ipaddr,
              "macAddr": self.mac,
              "hostname": self.hostname,
              "quotaData": self.quota_data
          }
          self.log.info(params)
          # 尝试三次，成功一次即退出
          for x in range(3):
              try:
                  response = requests.post(self.url, data=json.dumps(params), headers=self.header)
                  if response.status_code != 200:
                      continue
                  response_text = json.loads(response.text)
                  if response_text.get('code', 1) == 0:
                      self.log.info(response_text)
                      break
              except Exception as e:
                  # print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()), "data send error: ", e)
                  self.log.error(e)
  
      def run(self):
          self.get_cpu_info()
          self.get_mem_info()
          self.get_net_and_file_rw_info()
          self.get_disk_info()
          self.do_post()
          self.quota_data = []
  
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
      config_info = configparser.ConfigParser()
      config_info.read(r'/opt/sys_monitor/sys_monitor.cfg')
      config_info = config_info['DEFAULT']
      timespan = int(config_info['timespan'])
  
      test = SystemIndicators(config_info)
      while True:
          test.run()
          time.sleep(timespan)

   

• 还单独有配置文件，文档最后会附上项目链接，这里获取磁盘使用率是获取全部磁盘，用的shell做的，有单独检测某个目录的接口
• 开机服务主要是 通过添加systemd 的service服务实现的
• 项目地址：https://github.com/longbigbeard/sys_monitor