EvenBus源码分析
概述
一般使用EventBus的组件类,类似下面这种方式:
public class SampleComponent extends Fragment { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); EventBus.getDefault().register(this); } public void onEventMainThread(param) { } public void onEventPostThread(param) { } public void onEventBackgroundThread(param) { } public void onEventAsync(param) { } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); EventBus.getDefault().unregister(this); } }
大多情况下,都会在onCreate中进行register,在onDestory中进行unregister ;
代码中以onEvent开头的方法的作用?
register(this)就是去当前类,遍历所有的方法,找到onEvent开头的然后进行存储。
onEvent后面可以写四种,也就是上面出现的四个方法,决定了当前的方法最终在什么线程运行,怎么运行
register后,调用:
EventBus.getDefault().post(param);
调用也可以叫发布,只要把这个param发布出去,EventBus会在它内部存储的方法中,进行扫描,找到参数匹配的,就使用反射进行调用。
其实EventBus就是在内部存储了一堆onEvent开头的方法,然后post的时候,根据post传入的参数,去找到匹配的方法,反射调用之。
它内部使用了Map进行存储,键就是参数的Class类型。知道是这个类型,根据post传入的参数就可以进行查找.
register
EventBus.getDefault().register(this);
首先:
EventBus.getDefault()是个单例模式,和传统的getInstance一样:
public static EventBus getDefault() { if(defaultInstance == null) { Class var0 = EventBus.class; synchronized(EventBus.class) { if(defaultInstance == null) { defaultInstance = new EventBus(); } } } return defaultInstance; }
使用了双重判断的方式,防止并发的问题,还能极大的提高效率。
register是一个普通的方法:
register使用的一般有4个:
public void register(Object subscriber) { register(subscriber, DEFAULT_METHOD_NAME, false, 0); } public void register(Object subscriber, int priority) { register(subscriber, DEFAULT_METHOD_NAME, false, priority); } public void registerSticky(Object subscriber) { register(subscriber, DEFAULT_METHOD_NAME, true, 0); } public void registerSticky(Object subscriber, int priority) { register(subscriber, DEFAULT_METHOD_NAME, true, priority); }
本质上就调用了同一个:
private synchronized void register(Object subscriber, String methodName, boolean sticky, int priority) { List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriber.getClass(), methodName); for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) { subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod, sticky, priority); } }
四个参数
subscriber 是我们扫描类的对象,也就是我们代码中常见的this;
methodName 这个是写死的:“onEvent”,用于确定扫描什么开头的方法,可见我们的类中都是以这个开头。
sticky 这个参数,解释源码的时候解释,暂时不用管
priority 优先级,优先级越高,在调用的时候会越先调用。
下面开始看代码:
List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriber.getClass(), methodName);
调用内部类SubscriberMethodFinder的findSubscriberMethods方法,传入了subscriber 的class,以及methodName,
返回一个List<SubscriberMethod>。
然后去遍历该类内部所有方法,然后根据methodName去匹配,匹配成功的封装成SubscriberMethod,最后返回一个List。下面看代码
List<SubscriberMethod> findSubscriberMethods(Class<?> subscriberClass, String eventMethodName) { String key = subscriberClass.getName() + '.' + eventMethodName; List<SubscriberMethod> subscriberMethods; synchronized (methodCache) { subscriberMethods = methodCache.get(key); } if (subscriberMethods != null) { return subscriberMethods; } subscriberMethods = new ArrayList<SubscriberMethod>(); Class<?> clazz = subscriberClass; HashSet<String> eventTypesFound = new HashSet<String>(); StringBuilder methodKeyBuilder = new StringBuilder(); while (clazz != null) { String name = clazz.getName(); if (name.startsWith("java.") || name.startsWith("javax.") || name.startsWith("android.")) { // Skip system classes, this just degrades performance break; } // Starting with EventBus 2.2 we enforced methods to be public (might change with annotations again) Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods(); for (Method method : methods) { String methodName = method.getName(); if (methodName.startsWith(eventMethodName)) { int modifiers = method.getModifiers(); if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0) { Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes(); if (parameterTypes.length == 1) { String modifierString = methodName.substring(eventMethodName.length()); ThreadMode threadMode; if (modifierString.length() == 0) { threadMode = ThreadMode.PostThread; } else if (modifierString.equals("MainThread")) { threadMode = ThreadMode.MainThread; } else if (modifierString.equals("BackgroundThread")) { threadMode = ThreadMode.BackgroundThread; } else if (modifierString.equals("Async")) { threadMode = ThreadMode.Async; } else { if (skipMethodVerificationForClasses.containsKey(clazz)) { continue; } else { throw new EventBusException("Illegal onEvent method, check for typos: " + method); } } Class<?> eventType = parameterTypes[0]; methodKeyBuilder.setLength(0); methodKeyBuilder.append(methodName); methodKeyBuilder.append('>').append(eventType.getName()); String methodKey = methodKeyBuilder.toString(); if (eventTypesFound.add(methodKey)) { // Only add if not already found in a sub class subscriberMethods.add(new SubscriberMethod(method, threadMode, eventType)); } } } else if (!skipMethodVerificationForClasses.containsKey(clazz)) { Log.d(EventBus.TAG, "Skipping method (not public, static or abstract): " + clazz + "." + methodName); } } } clazz = clazz.getSuperclass(); } if (subscriberMethods.isEmpty()) { throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriberClass + " has no public methods called " + eventMethodName); } else { synchronized (methodCache) { methodCache.put(key, subscriberMethods); } return subscriberMethods; } }
核心代码说明:
代码中clazz.getMethods();去得到所有的方法:
就开始遍历每一个方法了,去匹配封装了。
分别判断了是否以onEvent开头,是否是public且非static和abstract方法,是否是一个参数。如果都复合,才进入封装的部分。
根据方法的后缀,来确定threadMode,threadMode是个枚举类型:就四种情况。
最后将method, threadMode, eventType传入构造了:new SubscriberMethod(method, threadMode, eventType)。添加到List,最终放回。
代码clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();可以看到,会扫描所有的父类,不仅仅是当前类。
继续回到register:
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) { subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod, sticky, priority); }
for循环扫描到的方法,然后去调用suscribe方法。
// Must be called in synchronized block private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod, boolean sticky, int priority) { subscribed = true; Class<?> eventType = subscriberMethod.eventType; CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType); Subscription newSubscription = new Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod, priority); if (subscriptions == null) { subscriptions = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription>(); subscriptionsByEventType.put(eventType, subscriptions); } else { for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) { if (subscription.equals(newSubscription)) { throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriber.getClass() + " already registered to event " + eventType); } } } // Starting with EventBus 2.2 we enforced methods to be public (might change with annotations again) // subscriberMethod.method.setAccessible(true); int size = subscriptions.size(); for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) { if (i == size || newSubscription.priority > subscriptions.get(i).priority) { subscriptions.add(i, newSubscription); break; } } List<Class<?>> subscribedEvents = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber); if (subscribedEvents == null) { subscribedEvents = new ArrayList<Class<?>>(); typesBySubscriber.put(subscriber, subscribedEvents); } subscribedEvents.add(eventType); if (sticky) { Object stickyEvent; synchronized (stickyEvents) { stickyEvent = stickyEvents.get(eventType); } if (stickyEvent != null) { // If the subscriber is trying to abort the event, it will fail (event is not tracked in posting state) // --> Strange corner case, which we don't take care of here. postToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent, Looper.getMainLooper() == Looper.myLooper()); } } }
subscriberMethod中保存了method, threadMode, eventType
根据subscriberMethod.eventType,去subscriptionsByEventType去查找一个CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> ,如果没有则创建。
然后传入的参数封装成了一个:Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod, priority);
其实subscriptionsByEventType是个Map,key:eventType ; value:CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> ;
这个Map其实就是EventBus存储方法的地方,一定要记住!
代码中就是添加newSubscription;并且是按照优先级添加的。可以看到,优先级越高,会插到在当前List的前面。
代码中根据subscriber存储它所有的eventType ; 依然是map;key:subscriber ,value:List<eventType> ;知道就行,非核心代码,主要用于isRegister的判断。
代码中判断sticky;如果为true,从stickyEvents中根据eventType去查找有没有stickyEvent,如果有则立即发布去执行。stickyEvent其实就是我们post时的参数。
postToSubscription这个方法,我们在post的时候会介绍。
到此,我们register就介绍完了。
你只要记得一件事:扫描了所有的方法,把匹配的方法最终保存在subscriptionsByEventType(Map,key:eventType ; value:CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> )中;
eventType是我们方法参数的Class,Subscription中则保存着subscriber, subscriberMethod(method, threadMode, eventType), priority;包含了执行改方法所需的一切。
post
post它又是如何调用我们的方法的。
register时,把方法存在subscriptionsByEventType;那么post肯定会去subscriptionsByEventType去取方法,然后调用。
看源码
** Posts the given event to the event bus. */ public void post(Object event) { PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get(); List<Object> eventQueue = postingState.eventQueue; eventQueue.add(event); if (postingState.isPosting) { return; } else { postingState.isMainThread = Looper.getMainLooper() == Looper.myLooper(); postingState.isPosting = true; if (postingState.canceled) { throw new EventBusException("Internal error. Abort state was not reset"); } try { while (!eventQueue.isEmpty()) { postSingleEvent(eventQueue.remove(0), postingState); } } finally { postingState.isPosting = false; postingState.isMainThread = false; } } }
currentPostingThreadState是一个ThreadLocal类型的,里面存储了PostingThreadState;PostingThreadState包含了一个eventQueue和一些标志位。
private final ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState> currentPostingThreadState = new ThreadLocal<PostingThreadState>() { @Override protected PostingThreadState initialValue() { return new PostingThreadState(); } }
把我们传入的event,保存到了当前线程中的一个变量PostingThreadState的eventQueue中。
判断当前是否是UI线程。
遍历队列中的所有的event,调用postSingleEvent(eventQueue.remove(0), postingState)方法。
每次post都会去调用整个队列么,那么不会造成方法多次调用么?
可以看到代码中,有个判断,就是防止该问题的,isPosting=true了,就不会往下走了。
下面看postSingleEvent
private void postSingleEvent(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState) throws Error { Class<? extends Object> eventClass = event.getClass(); List<Class<?>> eventTypes = findEventTypes(eventClass); boolean subscriptionFound = false; int countTypes = eventTypes.size(); for (int h = 0; h < countTypes; h++) { Class<?> clazz = eventTypes.get(h); CopyOnWriteArrayList<Subscription> subscriptions; synchronized (this) { subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(clazz); } if (subscriptions != null && !subscriptions.isEmpty()) { for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) { postingState.event = event; postingState.subscription = subscription; boolean aborted = false; try { postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread); aborted = postingState.canceled; } finally { postingState.event = null; postingState.subscription = null; postingState.canceled = false; } if (aborted) { break; } } subscriptionFound = true; } } if (!subscriptionFound) { Log.d(TAG, "No subscribers registered for event " + eventClass); if (eventClass != NoSubscriberEvent.class && eventClass != SubscriberExceptionEvent.class) { post(new NoSubscriberEvent(this, event)); } } }
将我们的event,即post传入的实参;以及postingState传入到postSingleEvent中。
根据event的Class,去得到一个List<Class<?>>;其实就是得到event当前对象的Class,以及父类和接口的Class类型;主要用于匹配,比如你传入Dog extends Dog,他会把Animal也装到该List中。
遍历所有的Class,到subscriptionsByEventType去查找subscriptions;register里面把方法存的那个Map;
遍历每个subscription,依次去调用postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread);
这个方法就是去反射执行方法了,大家还记得在register,if(sticky)时,也会去执行这个方法。
下面看它如何反射执行:
private void postToSubscription(Subscription subscription, Object event, boolean isMainThread) { switch (subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode) { case PostThread: invokeSubscriber(subscription, event); break; case MainThread: if (isMainThread) { invokeSubscriber(subscription, event); } else { mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event); } break; case BackgroundThread: if (isMainThread) { backgroundPoster.enqueue(subscription, event); } else { invokeSubscriber(subscription, event); } break; case Async: asyncPoster.enqueue(subscription, event); break; default: throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown thread mode: " + subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode); } }
subscription包含了所有执行需要的东西,大致有:subscriber, subscriberMethod(method, threadMode, eventType), priority;
那么这个方法:第一步根据threadMode去判断应该在哪个线程去执行该方法;
case PostThread:
void invokeSubscriber(Subscription subscription, Object event) throws Error { subscription.subscriberMethod.method.invoke(subscription.subscriber, event); }
直接反射调用;也就是说在当前的线程直接调用该方法;
case MainThread:
首先去判断当前如果是UI线程,则直接调用;否则: mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);把当前的方法加入到队列,然后直接通过handler去发送一个消息,在handler的handleMessage中,去执行我们的方法。就是通过Handler去发送消息,然后执行的。
case BackgroundThread:
如果当前非UI线程,则直接调用;如果是UI线程,则将任务加入到后台的一个队列,最终由Eventbus中的一个线程池去调用
executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();。
case Async:将任务加入到后台的一个队列,最终由Eventbus中的一个线程池去调用;线程池与BackgroundThread用的是同一个。
BackgroundThread和Async有什么区别呢?
BackgroundThread中的任务,一个接着一个去调用,中间使用了一个布尔型变量handlerActive进行的控制。
Async则会动态控制并发。
总结:register会把当前类中匹配的方法,存入一个map,而post会根据实参去map查找进行反射调用。
可以说,就是在一个单例内部维持着一个map对象存储了一堆的方法;post无非就是根据参数去查找方法,进行反射调用。
其余方法
介绍了register和post;大家获取还能想到一个词sticky,在register中,如何sticky为true,会去stickyEvents去查找事件,然后立即去post;
那么这个stickyEvents何时进行保存事件呢?
其实evevntbus中,除了post发布事件,还有一个方法也可以:
public void postSticky(Object event) { synchronized (stickyEvents) { stickyEvents.put(event.getClass(), event); } // Should be posted after it is putted, in case the subscriber wants to remove immediately post(event); }
和post功能类似,但是会把方法存储到stickyEvents中去;
大家再去看看EventBus中所有的public方法,无非都是一些状态判断,获取事件,移除事件的方法;