ViewGroup的事件机制
根据View的事件机制,再添加在代码中添加一个自定义的LinearLayout,继承LinearLayout,然后复写了与事件分发机制有关的方法,日志输出
import android.content.Context; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.util.Log; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.widget.LinearLayout; public class MyLinearLayout extends LinearLayout { private static final String TAG = "MyLinearLayout"; public MyLinearLayout(Context context) { super(context); } public MyLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); } public MyLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); } @Override public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { int action = ev.getAction(); switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_UP"); break; default: break; } return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev); } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { int action = event.getAction(); switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent ACTION_UP"); break; default: break; } return super.onTouchEvent(event); } @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { int action = ev.getAction(); switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: Log.e(TAG, "onInterceptTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: Log.e(TAG, "onInterceptTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: Log.e(TAG, "onInterceptTouchEvent ACTION_UP"); break; default: break; } return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); } @Override public void requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) { super.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(disallowIntercept); Log.e(TAG, "requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent "); } }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <com.loaderman.eventanalysis.MyLinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" tools:context="com.jcf.eventanalysis.MainActivity"> <com.loaderman.eventanalysis.MyButton android:id="@+id/btn" android:layout_width="200dp" android:layout_height="100dp" android:text="MyButton"/> </com.loaderman.eventanalysis.MyLinearLayout>
MyLinearLayout中包含一个MyButton,MyButton是自定义Button,然后MainActivity就是直接加载布局,直接运行代码,然后点击我们的Button,如果没有MOVE一下,就不会触发MOVE事件,看一下日志的输出:
可以看到大体的事件流程为:
MyLinearLayout的dispatchTouchEvent -> MyLinearLayout的onInterceptTouchEvent -> MyButton的dispatchTouchEvent ->Mybutton的onTouchEvent
可以看出,在View上触发事件,最先捕获到事件的为View所在的ViewGroup,然后才会到View自身~
源码分析
ViewGroup - dispatchTouchEvent
源码分析
ViewGroup - dispatchTouchEvent
________________________________________ public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) { mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1); } // If the event targets the accessibility focused view and this is it, start // normal event dispatch. Maybe a descendant is what will handle the click. if (ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() && isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) { ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false); } boolean handled = false; if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) { final int action = ev.getAction(); final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK; // Handle an initial down. if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) { // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture. // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change. cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev); resetTouchState(); } // Check for interception. final boolean intercepted; if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null) { final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0; if (!disallowIntercept) { intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed } else { intercepted = false; } } else { // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down // so this view group continues to intercept touches. intercepted = true; } // If intercepted, start normal event dispatch. Also if there is already // a view that is handling the gesture, do normal event dispatch. if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) { ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false); } // Check for cancelation. final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this) || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL; // Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed. final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0; TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null; boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false; if (!canceled && !intercepted) { // If the event is targeting accessiiblity focus we give it to the // view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it // we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual. // We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping // state since these events are very rare. View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() ? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null; if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN) || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) { final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex) : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS; // Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they // have become out of sync. removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign); final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount; if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) { final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex); final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex); // Find a child that can receive the event. // Scan children from front to back. final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList(); final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled(); final View[] children = mChildren; for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) { final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex( childrenCount, i, customOrder); final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView( preorderedList, children, childIndex); // If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it // to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a // normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is // safer given the timeframe. if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) { if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) { continue; } childWithAccessibilityFocus = null; i = childrenCount - 1; } if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child) || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) { ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false); continue; } newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child); if (newTouchTarget != null) { // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds. // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling. newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign; break; } resetCancelNextUpFlag(child); if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) { // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds. mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime(); if (preorderedList != null) { // childIndex points into presorted list, find original index for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) { if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) { mLastTouchDownIndex = j; break; } } } else { mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex; } mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX(); mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY(); newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign); alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true; break; } // The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear // the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children. ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false); } if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear(); } if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) { // Did not find a child to receive the event. // Assign the pointer to the least recently added target. newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget; while (newTouchTarget.next != null) { newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next; } newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign; } } } // Dispatch to touch targets. if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) { // No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view. handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null, TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS); } else { // Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already // dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary. TouchTarget predecessor = null; TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget; while (target != null) { final TouchTarget next = target.next; if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) { handled = true; } else { final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child) || intercepted; if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild, target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) { handled = true; } if (cancelChild) { if (predecessor == null) { mFirstTouchTarget = next; } else { predecessor.next = next; } target.recycle(); target = next; continue; } } predecessor = target; target = next; } } // Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed. if (canceled || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) { resetTouchState(); } else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) { final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex); removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove); } } if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) { mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1); } return handled; }
ATION_DOWN的处理流程:
取消TouchTarget,重置TouchState的状态
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev); resetTouchState();
进行判断是否拦截
// Check for interception. final boolean intercepted; if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null) { final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0; if (!disallowIntercept) { intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed } else { intercepted = false; } } else { // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down // so this view group continues to intercept touches. intercepted = true; }
两种可能会进入IF代码段
1、当前不允许拦截,即disallowIntercept =true,
2、当前允许拦截但是不拦截,即disallowIntercept =false,但是onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)返回false ;
注:disallowIntercept 可以通过viewGroup.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean);进行设置,而onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)可以进行复写。
接下来开始遍历所有的子View
进行判断当前的x,y坐标是否落在子View身上,如果在执行child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev),就进入了View的dispatchTouchEvent代码中了,当child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)返回true,则为mMotionTarget=child;然后return true;
小结:ViewGroup实现捕获到DOWN事件,如果代码中不做TOUCH事件拦截,则开始查找当前x,y是否在某个子View的区域内,如果在,则把事件分发下去。
把ACTION_DOWN时赋值的mMotionTarget,付给target ;
23行:if (!disallowIntercept && onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)) 当前允许拦截且拦截了,才进入IF体,当然了默认是不会拦截的~这里执行了onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)
28-30行:把坐标系统转化为子View的坐标系统
32行:直接return target.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
可以看到,正常流程下,ACTION_MOVE在检测完是否拦截以后,直接调用了子View.dispatchTouchEvent,事件分发下去;
最后就是ACTION_UP了
17行:判断当前是否是ACTION_UP
21,28行:分别重置拦截标志位以及将DOWN赋值的mMotionTarget置为null,都UP了,当然置为null,下一次DOWN还会再赋值的~
最后,修改坐标系统,然后调用target.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
正常情况下,整个代码的流程:
1、ACTION_DOWN中,ViewGroup捕获到事件,然后判断是否拦截,如果没有拦截,则找到包含当前x,y坐标的子View,赋值给mMotionTarget,然后调用 mMotionTarget.dispatchTouchEvent
2、ACTION_MOVE中,ViewGroup捕获到事件,然后判断是否拦截,如果没有拦截,则直接调用mMotionTarget.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)
3、ACTION_UP中,ViewGroup捕获到事件,然后判断是否拦截,如果没有拦截,则直接调用mMotionTarget.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)
当然了在分发之前都会修改下坐标系统,把当前的x,y分别减去child.left 和 child.top ,然后传给child;
关于拦截
如何拦截
上面的总结都是基于:如果没有拦截;那么如何拦截呢?
复写ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent方法:
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { int action = ev.getAction(); switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: Log.e(TAG, "onInterceptTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN"); //如果你觉得需要拦截,return true break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: Log.e(TAG, "onInterceptTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE"); //如果你觉得需要拦截,return true break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: Log.e(TAG, "onInterceptTouchEvent ACTION_UP"); //如果你觉得需要拦截,return true break; default: break; } return false; }
默认是不拦截的,即返回false;如果你需要拦截,只要return true就行了,这要该事件就不会往子View传递了,并且如果你在DOWN retrun true ,则DOWN,MOVE,UP子View都不会捕获事件;如果你在MOVE return true , 则子View在MOVE和UP都不会捕获事件。
原因很简单,当onInterceptTouchEvent(ev) return true的时候,会把mMotionTarget 置为null ;
如何不被拦截
如果ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent(ev) 当ACTION_MOVE时return true ,即拦截了子View的MOVE以及UP事件;
此时子View希望依然能够响应MOVE和UP时该咋办呢?
Android给我们提供了一个方法:requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean) 用于设置是否允许拦截,我们在子View的dispatchTouchEvent中直接这么写:
@Override public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { int action = event.getAction(); getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true); switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE"); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_UP"); break; default: break; } return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event); }
getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true); 这样即使ViewGroup在MOVE的时候return true,子View依然可以捕获到MOVE以及UP事件。
注:如果ViewGroup在onInterceptTouchEvent(ev) ACTION_DOWN里面直接return true了,那么子View是没有办法的捕获事件的
如果没有找到合适的子View
我们的实例,直接点击ViewGroup内的按钮,当然直接很顺利的走完整个流程;
但是有两种特殊情况
1、ACTION_DOWN的时候,子View.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)返回的为false ;
如果你仔细看了,你会注意到ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent(ev)的ACTION_DOWN代码是这样的
if (child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)) { // Event handled, we have a target now. mMotionTarget = child; return true; }
有在child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)返回true了,才会认为找到了能够处理当前事件的View,即mMotionTarget = child;
但是如果返回false,那么mMotionTarget 依然是null
mMotionTarget 为null会咋样呢?
其实ViewGroup也是View的子类,如果没有找到能够处理该事件的子View,或者干脆就没有子View;
那么,它作为一个View,就相当于View的事件转发了~~直接super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
final View target = mMotionTarget; if (target == null) { // We don't have a target, this means we're handling the // event as a regular view. ev.setLocation(xf, yf); if ((mPrivateFlags & CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT) != 0) { ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL); mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT; } return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev); }
我们没有一个能够处理该事件的目标元素,意味着我们需要自己处理~~~就相当于传统的View~
2、那么什么时候子View.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)返回的为true
如果你仔细看了上篇博客,你会发现只要子View支持点击或者长按事件一定返回true~~
源码是这样的:
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE || (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) { return true ;
总结
1、如果ViewGroup找到了能够处理该事件的View,则直接交给子View处理,自己的onTouchEvent不会被触发;
2、可以通过复写onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)方法,拦截子View的事件(即return true),把事件交给自己处理,则会执行自己对应的onTouchEvent方法
3、子View可以通过调用getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true); 阻止ViewGroup对其MOVE或者UP事件进行拦截;
实际应用中能解决哪些问题呢?
比如你需要写一个类似slidingmenu的左侧隐藏menu,主Activity上有个Button、ListView或者任何可以响应点击的View,你在当前View上死命的滑动,菜单栏也出不来;因为MOVE事件被子View处理了,你需要这么做:在ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent中判断用户是不是想显示菜单,如果是,则在onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)拦截子View的事件;自己进行处理,这样自己的onTouchEvent就可以顺利展现出菜单栏了~~