xpath

一、通过路径获取数据

from lxml import etree

xml = """
<book>
	<id>1</id>
	<name>zhao</name>
	<price>1.23</price>
	<author>
		<nick>赵</nick>
		<nick>钱</nick>
		<nick>孙</nick>
		<nick>李</nick>
		<div>
			<nick>周</nick>
		</div>
		<span>
			<nick>吴</nick>
			<div>
			<nick>郑</nick>
			</div>
		</span>
	</author>

</book>

"""

tree = etree.XML(xml)

result = tree.xpath("/book/name/text()")
result = tree.xpath("/book/author/nick/text()")
result = tree.xpath("/book/author/div/nick/text()")
result = tree.xpath("/book/author//nick/text()")
result = tree.xpath("/book/author/*/nick/text()")

print(result)

二、通过属性获取想要的数据

1、

from lxml import etree

xml = """

<book>
	<id>1</id>
	<name>zhao</name>
	<price>1.23</price>
	<author>
		<ul>
			
			<li><a href="www.baidu.com">赵</a></li>
			<li><a href="www.sougou.com">钱</a></li>
			<li><a href="www.guge.com">孙</a></li>
			
		</ul>
		<ol>
			<li><a href="li">李</a></li>
			<li><a href="zhou">周</a></li>
			<li><a href="wu">吴</a></li>
		</ol>
		<div class='zheng'>郑</div>
	</author>

</book>

"""
tree = etree.XML(xml)
result = tree.xpath("/book/author/ul/li/a/text()")
print(result)

2、

result = tree.xpath("/book/author/ul/li[1]/a/text()")

3、

result = tree.xpath("/book/author/ul/li/a[@href='zhao']/text()")

4、

ol_li_list = tree.xpath("/book/author/ol/li")

for i in ol_li_list :
        # 在li中继续寻找，相对查找
	result = i.xpath("./a/text()")
        # 拿到属性值
        #result = i.xpath("./a/@href")  
	print(result)

5、

print(tree.xpath("/book/author/ul/li/a/@href"))