database: 远程无法访问ubuntu22.04的数据库mariadb

database: 远程无法访问ubuntu22.04的数据库mariadb

 

 

 

 

一、mariadb软件版本信息

 

　　1、mariadb 软件版本信息：

[wit@on null]$ mysql -u■ -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is ■
Server version: 10.6.12-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 Ubuntu 22.04

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> 
MariaDB [(none)]> select version();
+----------------------------------+
| version()                        |
+----------------------------------+
| 10.6.12-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 |
+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 
MariaDB [(none)]> 

 

 

 

 

二、远程连接数据库的常见问题：

 

　　1、mariadb的用户账号，不具备远程链接服务器的权限，怎么办？答：查看用户账号的权限，申请远程访问数据库的资格。

 

　　2、服务器的防火墙，阻止远程访问3306端口，怎么办？答：关闭防火墙，或者防火墙开放3306端口；有时候selinux也会阻止远程访问本服务器，selinux程序也要关闭。

 

　　3、mariadb服务器拒绝远程ip访问，怎么办？答：配置mariadb服务器可访问的ip地址。

 

 

 

 

三、解决：mariadb服务器，拒绝远程ip访问，怎么办？

 

　　1、修改mariadb服务器的配置文件（/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf ）

 

　　　　1.1、mariadb服务器配置文件的位置：　　/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d

 

　　　　1.2、mariadb服务器配置文件的名称：　　50-server.cnf 

 

　　　　1.3、修改mariadb服务器配置文件的内容：　　[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$  sudo  vim   /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf 

　　　　　　1.3.1、将　　"bind-address            = 127.0.0.1"　　改为　　"#bind-address            = 127.0.0.1"

 

　　2、操作实例

[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ pwd
/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ 
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ 
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ ls
50-client.cnf         50-server.cnf    connect.cnf                  rocksdb.cnf
50-mysql-clients.cnf  60-galera.cnf    cracklib_password_check.cnf  s3.cnf
50-mysqld_safe.cnf    auth_gssapi.cnf  oqgraph.cnf                  spider.cnf
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ 
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ 
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ cat 50-server.cnf 
#
# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see

# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]

# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
[mysqld]

#
# * Basic Settings
#

#user                    = mysql
pid-file                = /run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
basedir                 = /usr
#datadir                 = /var/lib/mysql
#tmpdir                  = /tmp

# Broken reverse DNS slows down connections considerably and name resolve is
# safe to skip if there are no "host by domain name" access grants
#skip-name-resolve

# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address            = 127.0.0.1
#bind-address            = 127.0.0.1

#
# * Fine Tuning
#

#key_buffer_size        = 128M
#max_allowed_packet     = 1G
#thread_stack           = 192K
#thread_cache_size      = 8
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
#myisam_recover_options = BACKUP
#max_connections        = 100
#table_cache            = 64

#
# * Logging and Replication
#

# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# Recommend only changing this at runtime for short testing periods if needed!
#general_log_file       = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log            = 1

# When running under systemd, error logging goes via stdout/stderr to journald
# and when running legacy init error logging goes to syslog due to
# /etc/mysql/conf.d/mariadb.conf.d/50-mysqld_safe.cnf
# Enable this if you want to have error logging into a separate file
#log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# Enable the slow query log to see queries with especially long duration
#slow_query_log_file    = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log
#long_query_time        = 10
#log_slow_verbosity     = query_plan,explain
#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#min_examined_row_limit = 1000

# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
#       other settings you may need to change.
#server-id              = 1
#log_bin                = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
expire_logs_days        = 10
#max_binlog_size        = 100M

#
# * SSL/TLS
#

# For documentation, please read
# https://mariadb.com/kb/en/securing-connections-for-client-and-server/
#ssl-ca = /etc/mysql/cacert.pem
#ssl-cert = /etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
#ssl-key = /etc/mysql/server-key.pem
#require-secure-transport = on

#
# * Character sets
#

# MySQL/MariaDB default is Latin1, but in Debian we rather default to the full
# utf8 4-byte character set. See also client.cnf
character-set-server  = utf8mb4
collation-server      = utf8mb4_general_ci

#
# * InnoDB
#

# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!
# Most important is to give InnoDB 80 % of the system RAM for buffer use:
# https://mariadb.com/kb/en/innodb-system-variables/#innodb_buffer_pool_size
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G

# this is only for embedded server
[embedded]

# This group is only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# you can put MariaDB-only options here
[mariadb]

# This group is only read by MariaDB-10.6 servers.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions,
# use this group for options that older servers don't understand
[mariadb-10.6]
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ 
[wit@on mariadb.conf.d]$ 

 

 

 

 

四、参考资料：

 

　　1、解决Ubuntu下mariadb不能远程访问　　 https://www.jianshu.com/p/8eb7cd2a75b7/