CSP内容安全策略

在浏览网页的过程中,尤其是移动端的网页,经常看到有很多无关的广告,其实大部分广告都是所在的网络劫持了网站响应的内容,并在其中植入了广告代码。为了防止这种情况发生,我们可以使用CSP来快速的阻止这种广告植入。而且可以比较好的防御dom xss。

CSP使用方式有两种

1. 使用meta标签, 直接在页面添加meta标签

<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self' *.xx.com *.xx.cn 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval';">

这种方式最简单,但是也有些缺陷,每个页面都需要添加,而且不能对限制的域名进行上报。

2. 在服务端配置csp

Apache :

Add the following to your httpd.conf in your VirtualHost or in an .htaccess file:

Header set Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self';"

Nginx :

In your server {} block add:

add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self';";

在服务端配置所有的页面都可以不需要改了,而且还支持上报。

如果meta、响应头里都指定了Content-Security-Policy,则会优先使用响应头里的Content-Security-Policy

CSP内容匹配的规则:规则名称 规则 规则;规则名称 规则 ...

比如:

default-src 'none'; script-src 'self'; connect-src 'self'; img-src 'self'; style-src 'self';

default-src 'self' *.xx.com *.xx.cn aa.com 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'

*.xx.com 支持多级域名, 可以不填写http协议。

default-src   所有资源的默认策略
script-src     JS的加载策略,会覆盖default-src中的策略,比如写了default-src xx.com;script-src x.com xx.com;   必须同时加上xx.com,因为script-src会当作一个整体覆盖整个默认的default-src规则。
'unsafe-inline'  允许执行内联的JS代码,默认为不允许,如果有内联的代码必须加上这条
'unsafe-eval'    允许执行eval等 

对自定义的协议 比如 jsxxx://aaa.com   可以写成  jsxxx:

https协议下自动把http请求转为https可以使用  upgrade-insecure-requests

<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self' *.xx.com *.xx.cn 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval' upgrade-insecure-requests;"> ios下支持有限

CSP浏览器支持

目前CSP LEVER1 已经被大部分浏览器所支持

csp lever1 涉及到的规则有:

default-src、script-src、style-src、img-src、connect-src、font-src、object-src、media-src、

sandbox、report-uri

CSP LEVER2 加了一些新的规则:

child-src、form-action、frame-ancestors、plugin-types 。对于现在的移动端开发来说,lever2已经完全可以使用了。

详细规则内容:(参考:https://content-security-policy.com/)

Directive Example ValueDescription
default-src 'self' cdn.example.com The default-src is the default policy for loading content such as JavaScript, Images, CSS, Font's, AJAX requests, Frames, HTML5 Media. See the Source List Reference for possible values. 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
script-src 'self' js.example.com Defines valid sources of JavaScript. 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
style-src 'self' css.example.com Defines valid sources of stylesheets. 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
img-src 'self' img.example.com Defines valid sources of images. 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
connect-src 'self' Applies to XMLHttpRequest (AJAX), WebSocket or EventSource. If not allowed the browser emulates a 400 HTTP status code. 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
font-src font.example.com Defines valid sources of fonts. 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
object-src 'self' Defines valid sources of plugins, eg <object><embed> or <applet>

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
media-src media.example.com Defines valid sources of audio and video, eg HTML5 <audio><video> elements. 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
frame-src 'self' Defines valid sources for loading frames. child-src is preferred over this deprecated directive. 

Deprecated
sandbox allow-forms allow-scripts Enables a sandbox for the requested resource similar to the iframe sandbox attribute. The sandbox applies a same origin policy, prevents popups, plugins and script execution is blocked. You can keep the sandbox value empty to keep all restrictions in place, or add values: allow-formsallow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-popupsallow-modalsallow-orientation-lockallow-pointer-lockallow-presentationallow-popups-to-escape-sandbox, and allow-top-navigation 

CSP Level 1  25+  50+  7+  12+
report-uri /some-report-uri Instructs the browser to POST a reports of policy failures to this URI. You can also append -Report-Only to the HTTP header name to instruct the browser to only send reports (does not block anything). 

CSP Level 1  25+  23+  7+  12+
child-src 'self' Defines valid sources for web wokers and nested browsing contexts loaded using elements such as <frame> and <iframe> 

CSP Level 2  40+  45+
form-action 'self' Defines valid sources that can be used as a HTML <form> action. 

CSP Level 2  40+  36+
frame-ancestors 'none' Defines valid sources for embedding the resource using <frame> <iframe> <object> <embed><applet>. Setting this directive to 'none' should be roughly equivalent to X-Frame-Options: DENY 

CSP Level 2  39+  33+
plugin-types application/pdf Defines valid MIME types for plugins invoked via <object> and <embed>. To load an <applet>you must specify application/x-java-applet

CSP Level 2  40+

参考文档:

https://content-security-policy.com/

http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=d0CILP0CXyvCuc_pRv7-3gRNXjEPKwiDWEReXi4uzEr8IPkktX3VLfnUnRyc70cLn9zSyviOfmpS8aAWUd3xrK

posted @ 2016-11-08 20:41  lmh2072005  阅读(7617)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报