asp.net FormsAuthenticationTicket基于forms的验证
1,设置IIS为可匿名访问和asp.net web.config中设置为form验证
2,检索数据存储验证用户,并检索角色(如果不是基于角色可不用)
3,使用FormsAuthenticationTicket创建一个Cookie并回发到客户端,并存储
角色到票中,如:
FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(Username,true false)
cookies保存时间:
HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName].EXPires=DateTime.Now.AddDays(1)
如果需要存储角色,采用:
FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = new
FormsAuthenticationTicket(
1, // 版本号。
txtUserName.Text, // 与身份验证票关联的用户名。
DateTime.Now, // Cookie 的发出时间。
DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(20),// Cookie 的到期日期。
false, // 如果 Cookie 是持久的,为 true;否则为 false。
roles ); // 将存储在 Cookie 中的用户定义数据。
roles是一个角色字符串数组
string encryptedTicket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(authTicket); //加密
存入Cookie
HttpCookie authCookie =
new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName,
encryptedTicket);
Response.Cookies.Add(authCookie);
4,在Application_AuthenticateRequest事件中处理程序中(Global.asax)中,使用
票创建IPrincipal对象并存在HttpContext.User中
代码:
HttpCookie authCookie = Context.Request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];
FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value);//解密
string[] roles = authTicket.UserData.Split(new char[]{';'});//根据存入时的格式分解,;或....
Context.User = new GenericPrincipal(Context.User.Identity, Roles);//存到HttpContext.User中
具体实现
Web.config文件
加入节点,name为COOKIE名称,loginUrl为没有通过验证跳转的地址
<system.web>
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms name="Hstear"
loginUrl="login.aspx" protection="All" path="/" timeout="40"/>
</authentication>
</system.web>
设置目录访问 path为目录名,roles为票据中的角色名
发现网上的都说要单独一个WEB.CONFIG文件放在目录中,但实际在根目录中设置即可,单个文件也一样
<location path="Admin">
<system.web>
<authorization>
<allow roles="admin"/>
<deny users="*"/>
</authorization>
</system.web>
</location>
Global.asax文件
Application_AuthenticateRequest事件中加入
protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e) { string cookieName = FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName; HttpCookie authCookie = Context.Request.Cookies[cookieName]; FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = null; try { authTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value); } catch(Exception ex) { return; } string[] roles = authTicket.UserData.Split(new char[]{','});//如果存取多个角色,我们把它分解 FormsIdentity id = new FormsIdentity( authTicket ); GenericPrincipal principal = new GenericPrincipal(id, roles); Context.User =principal;//存到HttpContext.User中 } |
原理,将用户角色信息保存在票据中,通过Global.asax,WEB.CONFIG中的设置,判断角色的权限
1.网站
web.config
<system.web>
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms name="YLLogin" loginUrl="login.aspx" protection="All" timeout="60"></forms>
</authentication>
...
login.aspx代码:
string Roles = "Manager";
//创建票据
FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(1, txtname.Text, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(60), false, Roles);
//对票据加密
string EncrytpedTicket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(authTicket);
HttpCookie authCook = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, EncrytpedTicket);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Add(authCook);
...
后台管理系统
web.config
<system.web>
<allow roles="admin"/>
<deny users="*"/>
</authorization>
...
Global.asax文件
protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string cookieName = FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName;
HttpCookie authCookie = Context.Request.Cookies[cookieName];
FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = null;
try
{
authTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
return;
}
string[] roles = authTicket.UserData.Split(new char[]{','});//如果存取多个角色,我们把它分解
FormsIdentity id = new FormsIdentity( authTicket );
GenericPrincipal principal = new GenericPrincipal(id, roles);
Context.User =principal;//存到HttpContext.User中
}