Spring之WEB模块
Spring的WEB模块用于整合Web框架，比如Struts 1、Struts 2、JSF等
整合Struts 1
继承方式
Spring框架提供了ActionSupport类支持Struts 1的Action。继承了ActionSupport后就能获取Spring的BeanFactory，从而获得各种Spring容器内的各种资源
import org.springframework.web.struts.ActionSupport; public class CatAction extends ActionSupport{ public ICatService getCarService(){ return (ICatService) getWebApplicationContext().getBean("catService"); } public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){ returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); } } public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; ICatService catService =getCatService(); List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats(); request.setAttribute("carList",catList); return mapping.find("list"); } }Spring在web.xml中的配置
<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener><!-- 使用Listener载入Spring配置文件--> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <filter><!-- 使用Spring自带的字符过滤器--> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>假设与Hibernate结合使用。须要在web.xml中加入OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器，将session范围扩大到JSP层。防止抛出延迟载入异常
<filter> <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name> hibernateFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!-- 对Struts 1的Action启用--> </filter-mapping>
代理方式
继承方式融入Spring很easy，可是缺点是代码与Spring发生了耦合，而且Action并没有交给Spring管理。因此不能使用Spring的AOP、IoC特性，使用代理方式则能够避免这些缺陷
public class CatAction extends Action{ //此处继承的Struts 1的Action private ICatService catService； //setter、getter略 public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){ returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); } } public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; ICatService catService =getCatService(); List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats(); request.setAttribute("carList",catList); return mapping.find("list"); } }这个Action没有与Spring发生耦合。仅仅是定义了一个ICatService属性，然后由Spring负责注入
struts-congfig.xml配置
<form-beans> <form-bean name="catForm" type="com.clf.spring.CatForm"> </form-beans> <action-mappings> <action name=" catForm" path="/cat" type="com.clf.spring.CatAction"> <forward name="list" path="/jsp/listCat.jsp"></forward> </action> </action-mappings> <!-- 最核心的配置，该配置把Struts的Action交给Spring代理--> <controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor" /> <!-- controller配置生效后，Action的type属性就是去作用了，Struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建CatAction，而是到Spring配置中寻找。因此Spring中必须配置CatAction --> <!-- Spring中配置Action使用的是name属性而不是id，Spring会截获"/cat.do"的请求。将catService通过setter方法注入到CatAction中。并调用execute()方法--> <bean name="/cat" class=" com.clf.spring.CatAction"> <property name="catService" ref="catService" /> </bean>web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式同样
使用代理方式的Action能够配置拦截器等Spring特性，比如给CatAction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器
<bean id="catBeforeInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor"> <property name="advice"> <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodBeforeInterceptor" /> </property> <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property> </bean> <bean id="catAfterInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor"> <property name="advice"> <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodAfterInterceptor" /> </property> <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property> </bean> <bean name="/cat" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="interceptorNames"> <list> <value> catBeforeInterceptor</value> <value> catAfterInterceptor</value> </list> </property> <property name="target"> <bean class="com.clf.spring.CatAction"> <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property> </bean> </property> </bean>
整合Struts 2
Spring整合Struts 2须要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包
public class CatAction{ private ICatService catService; private Cat cat; //setter、getter略 public String list(){ catService.listCats(); return ＂list＂; } public String add(){ catService.createCat(cat); return list(); } }struts.xml配置
除了正常的配置之外，还须要<contstant/>加入名为struts.objectFactory的常量，把值设为spring。表示该Action由Spring产生。然后把<action/>的class属性改为catAction，Struts 2将会到Spring中寻找名为catAction的bean
<constant name=" struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> <packagename="cat" extends="struts-default"> <action name="*_cat" method="{1}" class="catAction"> <param name="action" >{1}</param> <result>/list.jsp</result> <result name="list">/list.jsp</result> </action> </package>Spring配置
<bean id="catAction" scope="prototype" class="com.clf.spring.CatAction"> <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property> </bean>web.xml配置
<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener><!-- 使用Listener载入Spring配置文件--> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>Struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name> Struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
