XML解析——SAX解析以及更方便的解析工具(JDOM、DOM4J)

XML主要用于数据交换,HTML则用于显示。

相对于DOM的树形解析,SAX采用的是顺序解析,这种解析方法可以快速地读取XML数据的方式。

SAX主要事件:

 

No. 方法 类型 描述
1 public void startDocument() throws SAXException 普通 文档开始
2 public void endDocument() throws SAXException 普通 文档结束
3

public void startElement(String uri,String localName,String qName,Attributes attributes) 

throws SAXException

普通 元素开始,可以取得元素的名称及元素的全部属性
4 public void endElement(String uri,String localName,String qName) throws SAXException 普通 元素结束,可以取得元素的名称及元素的全部属性
5 public void characters(char[] ch,int start,int length) throws SAXException 普通 元素内容

  SAX解析步骤:

                              ===========>startDocument()
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?> <addresslist> ===========>startElement("addresslist") <linkman> ===========>startElement("linkman") <name> ===========>startElement("name") 李四 ============>characters("李四") </name> ============>endElement("name") <email> ============>startElement("email") 111@qq.com ============>characters("111@qq.com") </email> ============>endElement("email") </linkman> ============>endElement("linkman") </addresslist> ============>endElement("addresslist")
============>endDocument()

 使用SAX解析器解析需要自己构造解析器:

 1 package SAX;
 2 
 3 import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
 4 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 5 import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
 6 public class MYSAX extends DefaultHandler{
 7     public void startDocument() throws SAXException{
 8         System.out.println("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"GBK\"?>");
 9     }
10     public void endDocument() throws SAXException{
11         System.out.println("\n文档读取结束!");
12     }
13     public void startElement(String url,String localName,String name,Attributes attributes) throws SAXException{
14         System.out.println("<");
15         System.out.println(name);
16         if(attributes!=null){
17             for(int x=0;x<attributes.getLength();x++){
18                 System.out.println(""+attributes.getQName(x)+"=\""+attributes.getValue(x)+"\"");
19             }
20         }
21         System.out.println(">");
22     }
23     public void characters(char[] ch,int start,int length) throws SAXException{
24         System.out.println(new String(ch,start,length));
25     }
26     public void endElement(String uri,String localName,String name) throws SAXException{
27         System.out.println("</");
28         System.out.println(name);
29         System.out.println(">");
30     }
31 }

然后利用解析器读取XML文件:

 1 import java.io.File;
 2 import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
 3 import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
 4 public class TestSAX {
 5     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
 6         SAXParserFactory factory=SAXParserFactory.newInstance();    //建立SAX解析器
 7         SAXParser parser=factory.newSAXParser();          //构造解析器
 8         parser.parse("d:"+File.separator+"output.xml",new MYSAX());
 9     }
10 }

 结合了SAX的快速读取的优点和DOM可以任意访问节点的优点而成的JDOM包:

生成一个XML文件的代码:

 1 package SAX;
 2 
 3 import java.io.File;
 4 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 5 import org.jdom.Attribute;
 6 import org.jdom.Document;
 7 import org.jdom.Element;
 8 import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
 9 public class JDOM {
10     public static void main(String [] args){
11         Element addresslist = new Element("addresslist");
12         Element linkman = new Element("linkman");
13         Element name = new Element("name");
14         Element email = new Element("email");
15         Attribute Id = new Attribute("id","lxn");
16         Document doc = new Document(addresslist);
17         name.setText("lisi");
18         email.setText("123@qq.com");
19         name.setAttribute(Id);
20         linkman.addContent(name);
21         linkman.addContent(email);
22         addresslist.addContent(linkman);
23         XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter();
24         out.setFormat(out.getFormat().setEncoding("GBK"));
25         try{
26             out.output(doc,new FileOutputStream("d:"+File.separator+"addresslist.xml"));
27         }catch(Exception e){
28             e.printStackTrace();
29         }
30     }
31 }

使用JDOM读取XML文件:

package SAX;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;
import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;
public class JDOM{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder();
        Document read_doc = builder.build("d:"+File.separator+"addresslist.xml");
        Element stu = read_doc.getRootElement();
        List list = stu.getChildren("linkman");
        for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
            Element e=(Element)list.get(i);
            String name = e.getChildText("linkman");
            String id = e.getChild("name").getAttribute("id").getValue();
            String email = e.getChildText("email");
            System.out.println("——联系人——");
            System.out.println("姓名:"+name+",编号:"+id);
            System.out.println("email:"+email);
            System.out.println("————");
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

运行结果:

——联系人——
姓名:null,编号:lxn
email:123@qq.com
————

 

posted @ 2016-10-16 19:50  ljuyi  阅读(344)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报