关于在freemarker模板中遍历数据模型List<JavaBean>的经验
本文采用简单的servlet作为后台处理数据的工具,前台使用freemarker的ftl模板作为输出工具,简单说明怎样将封装有实体类对象的List集合注入到ftl模板中并且成功的在遍历显示出来,之前在网上找了很多这方面的资料,但是都没有解决这个问题,所以自己就从头认真的研读的一番freemarker的API文档,阅读了相关的类和接口的功能说明,终于找到了突破口,在这里写出来供和我有相同经历的孩纸(初学者)使用:
首先看我写的domain实体类:News.java
public class News {
private Integer news_id;
private String news_title;
private String news_publish_date;
private String news_url;
public Integer getNews_id() {
return news_id;
}
public void setNews_id(Integer news_id) {
this.news_id = news_id;
}
.....以下的set和get方法都省略..
接着看我写的newsSql.xml文件中查询所有News对象的并返回List<News>或者Map<String,News>型数据的配置信息:
<typeAlias alias="news" type="cn.domain.News"/>
<resultMap class="news" id="getMap">
<result property="news_id" column="news_id"/>
<result property="news_title" column="news_title"/>
<result property="news_publish_date" column="news_publish_date"/>
<result property="news_url" column="news_url"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="queryAllNews" resultMap="getMap">
select *from news
</select>
下面是自己第一次写的NewsListServlet代码:
public class NewsListServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private NewsDao dao;
private Configuration cfg;
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
dao = new NewsDao();
List<News> newslist = dao.getAllNews();
Map<String,List<News>> map=new HashMap<String, List<News>>();
map.put("newslist",newslist);
cfg = new Configuration();
cfg.setServletContextForTemplateLoading(this.getServletContext(),"/ftl");
Template template = cfg.getTemplate("newsList.ftl");
try {
template.process(map,response.getWriter());
} catch (TemplateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}}
下面是newslist.ftl模板代码:
<html>
<div style="background-color:#AABBCD">
<table style="border:0px">
<tr style="border:0px" align="center">
<td colspan="4">以下是今天的主要新闻</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>编号</td>
<td>标题</td>
<td>发布时间</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<#if newslist?exists >
<#list newslist as news>
<tr align="center">
<td>${news.news_id}</td>
<td align="left">${news.news_title}</td>
<td>${news.news_publish_date}</td>
<td><a href="${news.news_url}">查看详情</a></td>
</tr>
</#list></#if>
</table>
</div>
</html>
但是运行时会出现下面的异常信息,着实让人很头疼:
freemarker.template.TemplateModelException: Don't know how to present an object of this type to a template: cn.domain.News
at freemarker.template.SimpleObjectWrapper.handleUnknownType(SimpleObjectWrapper.java:139)
at freemarker.template.SimpleObjectWrapper.wrap(SimpleObjectWrapper.java:116)
at freemarker.template.WrappingTemplateModel.wrap(WrappingTemplateModel.java:131)
at freemarker.template.SimpleSequence.get(SimpleSequence.java:197)
at freemarker.template.IteratorBlock$Context.runLoop(IteratorBlock.java:163)
at freemarker.template.Environment.visit(Environment.java:316)
at freemarker.template.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:94)
at freemarker.template.Environment.visit(Environment.java:180)
at freemarker.template.ConditionalBlock.accept(ConditionalBlock.java:78)
at freemarker.template.Environment.visit(Environment.java:180)
at freemarker.template.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:91)
at freemarker.template.Environment.visit(Environment.java:180)
at freemarker.template.Environment.process(Environment.java:166)
at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:238)
这里我声明一下,数据的封装和传递绝对没有问题,这个异常信息的关键是:
Don't know how to present an object of this type to a template: cn.domain.News
无法引述新闻类对象到模版,也就是说模板不认识list里面的数据是News对象,所以无法通过news.news_title来访问属性对象
到这里我想大家明白我说的是什么意思了吧,通过查询API文档,可以容易看到Template.process()函数有两种形式,一个是含有两个参数的,而另一个则含有三个参数,他们分别为:
ObjectWrapper
that exposes the object methods and JavaBeans properties as hash elements, and has custom handling for Java Map
-s, ResourceBundle
-s, etc. It doesn't treat org.w3c.dom.Node
-s and Jython objects specially, however.SimpleXXX
wrappers only. It behaves like the DEFAULT_WRAPPER
, but for objects that it does not know how to wrap as a SimpleXXX
it throws an exception. It makes no use of reflection-based exposure of anything, which may makes it a good candidate for security-restricted applications. Map<String,List<News>> map=new HashMap<String, List<News>>();
map.put("newslist",newslist);
cfg = new Configuration();
cfg.setServletContextForTemplateLoading(this.getServletContext(),"/ftl");
Template template = cfg.getTemplate("newsList.ftl");
try {
template.process(map,response.getWriter(),ObjectWrapper.BEANS_WRAPPER);
} catch (TemplateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
以下是改正后的运行效果:
以下是今天的主要新闻 | |||
编号 | 标题 | 发布时间 | 操作 |
1 | MH-17航班又在乌克兰和俄罗斯边境出事了 | 2014-07-15 22:19:45.0 | 查看详情 |
2 | 中国和巴西签订了很多外贸上的关系文件 | 2014-07-17 21:23:45.0 | 查看详情 |
3 | 全国大学生软件大赛初赛成绩公布了,三人组合团队表现很出色 | 2014-07-14 15:18:22.0 | 查看详情 |
4 | 山东交通学院将来要成为一所名副其实的大学真的很困难 | 2012-06-11 13:18:49.0 | 查看详情 |
呵呵,自己的一点总结,大手们不要见笑。。。