Python之路,Day16 - Django 进阶
本节内容
自定义template tags
中间件
CRSF
权限管理
分页
Django分页
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/pagination/
自定义template tags
https://docs.djangoproject.com/es/1.9/howto/custom-template-tags/
权限管理
django 自带有基本的权限管理 ,但粒度和限制权限的维度都只是针对具体的表,如果我们想根据业务功能来限制权限,那就得自己写了, 不过也不用完全自己的写,我们可以在django 自带的权限基础上轻松的实现扩展。
自己写权限要注意:
- 权限系统的设计对开发者、用户要实现透明,即他们不需要改变自己原有的使用系统或调用接口的方式
- 权限要易扩展,灵活
- 权限要能实现非常小的粒度的控制,甚至细致到一个按键某个用户是否能按。
想对一个功能实现权限控制,要做到只能过在views方法上加一个装饰器就行了,比如:
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
@check_permission @login_required def customer_detail(request,customer_id): customer_obj = models.Customer.objects.get(id=customer_id) customer_form = forms.CustomerDetailForm(instance=customer_obj) if request.method == 'POST': customer_form = forms.CustomerDetailForm(request.POST,instance=customer_obj) if customer_form.is_valid(): customer_form.save() parent_base_url = '/'.join(request.path.split('/')[:-2]) print("url:",parent_base_url ) return redirect(parent_base_url) else: print(customer_form.errors) return render(request,'crm/customer_detail.html',{'customer_form':customer_form})
check_permission的代码实现
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
#50行实现细粒度的权限控制 1 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_ 2 __author__ = 'Alex Li' 3 from django.core.urlresolvers import resolve 4 from django.shortcuts import render,redirect 5 6 perm_dic = { 7 'view_customer_list': ['customer_list','GET',[]], 8 'view_customer_info': ['customer_detail','GET',[]], 9 'edit_own_customer_info': ['customer_detail','POST',['test']], 10 } 11 12 def perm_check(*args,**kwargs): 13 request = args[0] 14 url_resovle_obj = resolve(request.path_info) 15 current_url_namespace = url_resovle_obj.url_name 16 #app_name = url_resovle_obj.app_name #use this name later 17 print("url namespace:",current_url_namespace) 18 matched_flag = False # find matched perm item 19 matched_perm_key = None 20 if current_url_namespace is not None:#if didn't set the url namespace, permission doesn't work 21 print("find perm...") 22 for perm_key in perm_dic: 23 perm_val = perm_dic[perm_key] 24 if len(perm_val) == 3:#otherwise invalid perm data format 25 url_namespace,request_method,request_args = perm_val 26 print(url_namespace,current_url_namespace) 27 if url_namespace == current_url_namespace: #matched the url 28 if request.method == request_method:#matched request method 29 if not request_args:#if empty , pass 30 matched_flag = True 31 matched_perm_key = perm_key 32 print('mtched...') 33 break #no need looking for other perms 34 else: 35 for request_arg in request_args: #might has many args 36 request_method_func = getattr(request,request_method) #get or post mostly 37 #print("----->>>",request_method_func.get(request_arg)) 38 if request_method_func.get(request_arg) is not None: 39 matched_flag = True # the arg in set in perm item must be provided in request data 40 else: 41 matched_flag = False 42 print("request arg [%s] not matched" % request_arg) 43 break #no need go further 44 if matched_flag == True: # means passed permission check ,no need check others 45 print("--passed permission check--") 46 matched_perm_key = perm_key 47 break 48 49 else:#permission doesn't work 50 return True 51 52 if matched_flag == True: 53 #pass permission check 54 perm_str = "crm.%s" %(matched_perm_key) 55 if request.user.has_perm(perm_str): 56 print("\033[42;1m--------passed permission check----\033[0m") 57 return True 58 else: 59 print("\033[41;1m ----- no permission ----\033[0m") 60 print(request.user,perm_str) 61 return False 62 else: 63 print("\033[41;1m ----- no matched permission ----\033[0m") 64 def check_permission(func): 65 66 def wrapper(*args,**kwargs): 67 print("---start check perms",args[0]) 68 if not perm_check(*args,**kwargs): 69 return render(args[0],'crm/403.html') 70 return func(*args,**kwargs) 71 #print("---done check perms") 72 return wrapper
Middleware中间件
https://docs.djangoproject.com/es/1.9/topics/http/middleware/#process_request