【原】二进制部署 k8s 1.18.3
二进制部署 k8s 1.18.3
插播一条：ansible 一键部署：https://github.com/liyongjian5179/k8s-ansible
1、相关前置信息
1.1 版本信息
kube_version: v1.18.3
etcd_version: v3.4.9
flannel: v0.12.0
coredns: v1.6.7
cni-plugins: v0.8.6
pod 网段：10.244.0.0/16
service 网段：10.96.0.0/12
kubernetes 内部地址：10.96.0.1
coredns 地址: 10.96.0.10
apiserver 域名：lb.5179.top
1.2 机器安排
| 主机名 | IP | 角色及组件 | k8s 相关组件 |
|---|---|---|---|
| centos7-nginx | 10.10.10.127 | nginx 四层代理 | nginx |
| centos7-a | 10.10.10.128 | master,node,etcd,flannel | kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy |
| centos7-b | 10.10.10.129 | master,node,etcd,flannel | kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy |
| centos7-c | 10.10.10.130 | master,node,etcd,flannel | kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy |
| centos7-d | 10.10.10.131 | node,flannel | kubelet kube-proxy |
| centos7-e | 10.10.10.132 | node,flannel | kubelet kube-proxy |
2、部署前环境准备
以 centos7-nginx 当主控机对其他机器做免密
2.1、 安装ansible用于批量操作
安装过程略
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cat /etc/ansible/hosts
[masters]
10.10.10.128
10.10.10.129
10.10.10.130
[nodes]
10.10.10.131
10.10.10.132
[k8s]
10.10.10.[128:132]
推送宿主机 hosts 文件
cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.10.10.127 centos7-nginx lb.5179.top
10.10.10.128 centos7-a
10.10.10.129 centos7-b
10.10.10.130 centos7-c
10.10.10.131 centos7-d
10.10.10.132 centos7-e
ansible k8s -m shell -a "mv /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.bak"
ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=/etc/hosts"
2.2 关闭防火墙及SELINUX
# 关闭防火墙
ansible k8s -m shell -a "systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld"
# 关闭 selinux
ansible k8s -m shell -a "setenforce 0 && sed -i "s/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/sysconfig/selinux && sed -i "s/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config "
2.3 关闭 swap 分区
ansible k8s -m shell -a "swapoff -a && sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab"
2.4 安装 docker及加速器
vim ./install_docker.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce-19.03.11-19.03.11
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
docker version
# 安装加速器
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://ajpb7tdn.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"log-opts": {"max-size":"100m", "max-file":"5"}
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
然后使用 ansible 批量执行
ansible k8s -m script -a "./install_docker.sh"
2.5 修改内核参数
vim 99-k8s.conf
#sysctls for k8s node config
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_slow_start_after_idle=0
net.core.rmem_max=16777216
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288
kernel.softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace=1
kernel.softlockup_panic=1
fs.file-max=2097152
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=8192
fs.inotify.max_queued_events=16384
vm.max_map_count=262144
vm.swappiness=0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.may_detach_mounts=1
net.core.netdev_max_backlog=16384
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=4096 12582912 16777216
net.core.wmem_max=16777216
net.core.somaxconn=32768
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog=8096
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem=4096 12582912 16777216
拷贝至远程
ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./99-k8s.conf dest=/etc/sysctl.d/"
ansible k8s -m shell -a "cd /etc/sysctl.d/ && sysctl --system"
2.6 创建对应的目录
master 用
vim mkdir_k8s_master.sh
#!/bin/bash
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,data,cfg,ssl} -p
mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} -p
mkdir /opt/kubernetes/logs/{kubelet,kube-proxy,kube-scheduler,kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager} -p
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin' >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/etcd/bin' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
node 用
vim mkdir_k8s_node.sh
#!/bin/bash
mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} -p
mkdir /opt/kubernetes/logs/{kubelet,kube-proxy} -p
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
调用 ansible 执行
ansible masters -m script -a "./mkdir_k8s_master.sh"
ansible nodes -m script -a "./mkdir_k8s_node.sh"
2.7 准备 LB
为三台master提供高可用，可以选用云厂商的 slb，也可以用 两台 nginx + keepalived 实现。
此处，为实验环境，用单台 nginx 坐四层代理实现
# 安装 nginx
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# yum install -y nginx
# 创建子配置文件
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# vim lb.tcp
stream {
upstream master {
hash $remote_addr consistent;
server 10.10.10.128:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30;
server 10.10.10.129:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30;
server 10.10.10.130:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30;
}
server {
listen 6443;
proxy_pass master;
}
}
# 在主配置文件中引入该文件
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd /etc/nginx/
[root@centos7-nginx nginx]# vim nginx.conf
...
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.tcp;
...
# 加入开机自启，并启动 nginx
[root@centos7-nginx nginx]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@centos7-nginx nginx]# systemctl start nginx
3、部署
3.1 生成证书
执行脚本
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# mkdir ssl && cd ssl
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# vim ./k8s-certificate.sh
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# ./k8s-certificate.sh 10.10.10.127,10.10.10.128,10.10.10.129,10.10.10.130,lb.5179.top,10.96.0.1
IP 说明：
-
10.10.10.127|lb.5179.top: nginx
-
10.10.10.128|129|130: masters
-
10.96.0.1: kubernetes(service 网段的第一个 IP)
脚本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
# 二进制部署，生成 k8s 证书文件
if [ $# -ne 1 ];then
echo "please user in: `basename $0` MASTERS[10.10.10.127,10.10.10.128,10.10.10.129,10.10.10.130,lb.5179.top,10.96.0.1]"
exit 1
fi
MASTERS=$1
KUBERNETES_HOSTNAMES=kubernetes,kubernetes.default,kubernetes.default.svc,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster,kubernetes.svc.cluster.local
for i in `echo $MASTERS | tr ',' ' '`;do
if [ -z $IPS ];then
IPS=\"$i\",
else
IPS=$IPS\"$i\",
fi
done
command_exists() {
command -v "$@" > /dev/null 2>&1
}
if command_exists cfssl; then
echo "命令已存在"
else
# 下载生成证书命令
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
# 添加执行权限
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
# 移动到 /usr/local/bin 目录下
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
fi
# 默认签 10 年
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
#-----------------------
cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
${IPS}
"127.0.0.1",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
# 或者
#cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
#{
# "CN": "kubernetes",
# "key": {
# "algo": "rsa",
# "size": 2048
# },
# "names": [
# {
# "C": "CN",
# "L": "BeiJing",
# "ST": "BeiJing",
# "O": "k8s",
# "OU": "System"
# }
# ]
#}
#EOF
#
#cfssl gencert \
# -ca=ca.pem \
# -ca-key=ca-key.pem \
# -config=ca-config.json \
# -hostname=${MASTERS},127.0.0.1,${KUBERNETES_HOSTNAMES} \
# -profile=kubernetes \
# server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
#-----------------------
cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert \
-ca=ca.pem \
-ca-key=ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-profile=kubernetes \
admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
#-----------------------
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert \
-ca=ca.pem \
-ca-key=ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-profile=kubernetes \
kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
# 注意: "CN": "system:metrics-server" 一定是这个，因为后面授权时用到这个名称，否则会报禁止匿名访问
cat > metrics-server-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "system:metrics-server",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"L": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "system"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert \
-ca=ca.pem \
-ca-key=ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-profile=kubernetes \
metrics-server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare metrics-server
for item in $(ls *.pem |grep -v key) ;do echo ======================$item===================;openssl x509 -in $item -text -noout| grep Not;done
#[root@aliyun k8s]# for item in $(ls *.pem |grep -v key) ;do echo ======================$item===================;openssl x509 -in $item -text -noout| grep Not;done
#======================admin.pem====================
# Not Before: Jun 18 14:32:00 2020 GMT
# Not After : Jun 16 14:32:00 2030 GMT
#======================ca.pem=======================
# Not Before: Jun 18 14:32:00 2020 GMT
# Not After : Jun 17 14:32:00 2025 GMT
#======================kube-proxy.pem===============
# Not Before: Jun 18 14:32:00 2020 GMT
# Not After : Jun 16 14:32:00 2030 GMT
#======================metrics-server.pem===========
# Not Before: Jun 18 14:32:00 2020 GMT
# Not After : Jun 16 14:32:00 2030 GMT
#======================server.pem===================
# Not Before: Jun 18 14:32:00 2020 GMT
# Not After : Jun 16 14:32:00 2030 GMT
注意：cfssl产生的ca证书固定5年有效期
// CAPolicy contains the CA issuing policy as default policy.
var CAPolicy = func() *config.Signing {
return &config.Signing{
Default: &config.SigningProfile{
Usage: []string{"cert sign", "crl sign"},
ExpiryString: "43800h",
Expiry: 5 * helpers.OneYear,
CAConstraint: config.CAConstraint{IsCA: true},
},
}
}
可以通过修改源码方式重新编译更改 ca 过期时间，或者在ca-csr.json添加如下
"ca": {
"expiry": "438000h" #---> 50年
}
3.2 拷贝证书
3.2.1 拷贝 etcd 集群使用的证书
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd ssl
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]#
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# ansible masters -m copy -a "src=./ca.pem dest=/opt/etcd/ssl"
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# ansible masters -m copy -a "src=./server.pem dest=/opt/etcd/ssl"
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# ansible masters -m copy -a "src=./server-key.pem dest=/opt/etcd/ssl"
3.2.2 拷贝 k8s 集群使用的证书
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd ssl
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]#
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# scp *.pem root@10.10.10.128:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# scp *.pem root@10.10.10.129:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# scp *.pem root@10.10.10.130:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# scp *.pem root@10.10.10.131:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# scp *.pem root@10.10.10.132:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
3.3 安装 ETCD 集群
下载二进制etcd包，并把执行文件推到各 master节点的 /opt/etcd/bin/ 目录下
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# mkdir ./etcd && cd ./etcd
[root@centos7-nginx etcd]# wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-nginx etcd]# tar zxvf etcd-v3.3.12-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-nginx etcd]# cd etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64
[root@centos7-nginx etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64]# ll
总用量 40540
drwxr-xr-x. 14 630384594 600260513 4096 5月 22 03:54 Documentation
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 630384594 600260513 23827424 5月 22 03:54 etcd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 630384594 600260513 17612384 5月 22 03:54 etcdctl
-rw-r--r--. 1 630384594 600260513 43094 5月 22 03:54 README-etcdctl.md
-rw-r--r--. 1 630384594 600260513 8431 5月 22 03:54 README.md
-rw-r--r--. 1 630384594 600260513 7855 5月 22 03:54 READMEv2-etcdctl.md
[root@centos7-nginx etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64]# ansible masters -m copy -a "src=./etcd dest=/opt/etcd/bin mode=755"
[root@centos7-nginx etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64]# ansible masters -m copy -a "src=./etcdctl dest=/opt/etcd/bin mode=755"
编写 etcd 配置文件脚本
#!/bin/bash
# 使用说明
#./etcd.sh etcd01 10.10.10.128 etcd01=https://10.10.10.128:2380,etcd02=https://10.10.10.129:2380,etcd03=https://10.10.10.130:2380
#./etcd.sh etcd02 10.10.10.129 etcd01=https://10.10.10.128:2380,etcd02=https://10.10.10.129:2380,etcd03=https://10.10.10.130:2380
#./etcd.sh etcd03 10.10.10.130 etcd01=https://10.10.10.128:2380,etcd02=https://10.10.10.129:2380,etcd03=https://10.10.10.130:2380
ETCD_NAME=${1:-"etcd01"}
ETCD_IP=${2:-"127.0.0.1"}
ETCD_CLUSTER=${3:-"etcd01=https://127.0.0.1:2379"}
# ETCD 版本选择[3.3,3.4]
# 要用 3.3.14 以上版本：https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/configure-upgrade-etcd/#%E5%B7%B2%E7%9F%A5%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98-%E5%85%B7%E6%9C%89%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%AB%AF%E7%82%B9%E7%9A%84-etcd-%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1%E5%99%A8
ETCD_VERSION=3.4.9
if [ ${ETCD_VERSION%.*} == "3.4" ] ;then
cat <<EOF >/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.yml
#etcd ${ETCD_VERSION}
name: ${ETCD_NAME}
data-dir: /opt/etcd/data
listen-peer-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2380
listen-client-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379
advertise-client-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2379
initial-advertise-peer-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2380
initial-cluster: ${ETCD_CLUSTER}
initial-cluster-token: etcd-cluster
initial-cluster-state: new
enable-v2: true
client-transport-security:
cert-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem
key-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
client-cert-auth: false
trusted-ca-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
auto-tls: false
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem
key-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
client-cert-auth: false
trusted-ca-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
auto-tls: false
debug: false
logger: zap
log-outputs: [stderr]
EOF
else
cat <<EOF >/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.yml
#etcd ${ETCD_VERSION}
name: ${ETCD_NAME}
data-dir: /opt/etcd/data
listen-peer-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2380
listen-client-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379
advertise-client-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2379
initial-advertise-peer-urls: https://${ETCD_IP}:2380
initial-cluster: ${ETCD_CLUSTER}
initial-cluster-token: etcd-cluster
initial-cluster-state: new
client-transport-security:
cert-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem
key-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
client-cert-auth: false
trusted-ca-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
auto-tls: false
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem
key-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
peer-client-cert-auth: false
trusted-ca-file: /opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
auto-tls: false
debug: false
log-package-levels: etcdmain=CRITICAL,etcdserver=DEBUG
log-outputs: default
EOF
fi
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
Documentation=https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd
Conflicts=etcd.service
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s
TimeoutStartSec=0
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd --config-file=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.yml
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl restart etcd
推送到 masters 机器上
ansible masters -m copy -a "src=./etcd.sh dest=/opt/etcd/bin mode=755"
分别登陆到三台机器上执行脚本文件
[root@centos7-a bin]# ./etcd.sh etcd01 10.10.10.128 etcd01=https://10.10.10.128:2380,etcd02=https://10.10.10.129:2380,etcd03=https://10.10.10.130:2380
[root@centos7-b bin]# ./etcd.sh etcd02 10.10.10.129 etcd01=https://10.10.10.128:2380,etcd02=https://10.10.10.129:2380,etcd03=https://10.10.10.130:2380
[root@centos7-c bin]# ./etcd.sh etcd03 10.10.10.130 etcd01=https://10.10.10.128:2380,etcd02=https://10.10.10.129:2380,etcd03=https://10.10.10.130:2380
验证集群是否是健康的
### 3.4.9
[root@centos7-a ~]# ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --write-out="table" --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints=https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379 endpoint health
+---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| ENDPOINT | HEALTH | TOOK | ERROR |
+---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| https://10.10.10.128:2379 | true | 31.126223ms | |
| https://10.10.10.129:2379 | true | 28.698669ms | |
| https://10.10.10.130:2379 | true | 32.508681ms | |
+---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
查看集群成员
[root@centos7-a ~]# ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --write-out="table" --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints=https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379 member list
+------------------+---------+--------+---------------------------+---------------------------+------------+
| ID | STATUS | NAME | PEER ADDRS | CLIENT ADDRS | IS LEARNER |
+------------------+---------+--------+---------------------------+---------------------------+------------+
| 2cec243d35ad0881 | started | etcd02 | https://10.10.10.129:2380 | https://10.10.10.129:2379 | false |
| c6e694d272df93e8 | started | etcd03 | https://10.10.10.130:2380 | https://10.10.10.130:2379 | false |
| e9b57a5a8276394a | started | etcd01 | https://10.10.10.128:2380 | https://10.10.10.128:2379 | false |
+------------------+---------+--------+---------------------------+---------------------------+------------+
给 etcdctl创建别名，三台机器分别执行
vim .bashrc
alias etcdctl2="ETCDCTL_API=2 etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints=https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379"
alias etcdctl3="ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints=https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379"
source .bashrc
3.3 安装 k8s 相关组件
3.3.1 下载二进制安装包
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# mkdir k8s-1.18.3 && cd k8s-1.18.3/
[root@centos7-nginx k8s-1.18.3]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.18.3/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-nginx k8s-1.18.3]# tar xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-nginx k8s-1.18.3]# cd kubernetes
[root@centos7-nginx kubernetes]# ll
总用量 33092
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 5月 20 21:32 addons
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 32587733 5月 20 21:32 kubernetes-src.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1297746 5月 20 21:32 LICENSES
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 5月 20 21:27 server
[root@centos7-nginx kubernetes]# cd server/bin/
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# ll
总用量 1087376
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 48128000 5月 20 21:32 apiextensions-apiserver
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 39813120 5月 20 21:32 kubeadm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 120668160 5月 20 21:32 kube-apiserver
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8 5月 20 21:27 kube-apiserver.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 174558720 5月 20 21:27 kube-apiserver.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 110059520 5月 20 21:32 kube-controller-manager
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8 5月 20 21:27 kube-controller-manager.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 163950080 5月 20 21:27 kube-controller-manager.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 44032000 5月 20 21:32 kubectl
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 113283800 5月 20 21:32 kubelet
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 38379520 5月 20 21:32 kube-proxy
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8 5月 20 21:28 kube-proxy.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 119099392 5月 20 21:28 kube-proxy.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 42950656 5月 20 21:32 kube-scheduler
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8 5月 20 21:27 kube-scheduler.docker_tag
-rw-------. 1 root root 96841216 5月 20 21:27 kube-scheduler.tar
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1687552 5月 20 21:32 mounter
将对应文件拷贝到目标机器上
# masters
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# scp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl kubelet kube-proxy root@10.10.10.128:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# scp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl kubelet kube-proxy root@10.10.10.129:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# scp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl kubelet kube-proxy root@10.10.10.130:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
# nodes
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@10.10.10.131:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@10.10.10.131:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
# 本机
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# cp kubectl /usr/local/bin/
3.3.2 创建Node节点kubeconfig文件
- 创建TLS Bootstrapping Token
- 创建kubelet kubeconfig
- 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig
- 创建admin kubeconfig
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd ~/ssl/
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# vim kubeconfig.sh # 修改第10行 KUBE_APISERVER 地址
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# bash ./kubeconfig.sh
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kube-proxy" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "admin" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
脚本内容如下：
# 创建 TLS Bootstrapping Token
export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
cat > token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF
#----------------------
# 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://lb.5179.top:6443"
# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
#----------------------
# 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
#----------------------
# 创建 admin kubeconfig文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=admin.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials admin \
--client-certificate=./admin.pem \
--client-key=./admin-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=admin.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=admin \
--kubeconfig=admin.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=admin.kubeconfig
将文件拷贝至对应位置
ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./bootstrap.kubeconfig dest=/opt/kubernetes/cfg"
ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./kube-proxy.kubeconfig dest=/opt/kubernetes/cfg"
ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./token.csv dest=/opt/kubernetes/cfg"
3.4 安装 kube-apiserver
Masters 节点安装
此处可以使用 tmux 打开三个终端窗口进行，并行输入
也可以在三台机器上分开执行
[root@centos7-a ~]# mkdir k8s-scripts
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# vim install-apiserver.sh
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# IP=`ip addr | grep ens33 | grep inet | awk '{ print $2; }' | sed 's/\/.*$//'|head -1` && echo $IP
10.10.10.128
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# bash install-apiserver.sh $IP https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379
脚本内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
# MASTER_ADDRESS 写本机
MASTER_ADDRESS=${1:-"10.10.10.128"}
ETCD_SERVERS=${2:-"http://127.0.0.1:2379"}
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs/kube-apiserver \\
--etcd-servers=${ETCD_SERVERS} \\
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,MutatingAdmissionWebhook,ValidatingAdmissionWebhook,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--kubelet-https=true \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
--proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/metrics-server.pem \\
--proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/metrics-server-key.pem \\
--runtime-config=api/all=true \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-truncate-enabled=true \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver
3.5 安装 kube-scheduler
Masters 节点安装
此处可以使用 tmux 打开三个终端窗口进行，并行输入，也可以在三台机器上分开执行
[root@centos7-a ~]# cd k8s-scripts
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# vim install-scheduler.sh
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# bash install-scheduler.sh 127.0.0.1
脚本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=${1:-"127.0.0.1"}
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs/kube-scheduler \\
--master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\
--address=0.0.0.0 \\
--leader-elect"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl restart kube-scheduler
3.6 安装 kube-controller-manager
Masters 节点安装
此处可以使用 tmux 打开三个终端窗口进行，并行输入，也可以在三台机器上分开执行
[root@centos7-a ~]# cd k8s-scripts
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# vim install-controller-manager.sh
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# bash install-controller-manager.sh 127.0.0.1
脚本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=${1:-"127.0.0.1"}
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs/kube-controller-manager \\
--master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12 \\
--cluster-name=kubernetes \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s \\
--feature-gates=RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true \\
--feature-gates=RotateKubeletClientCertificate=true \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
3.7 查看组件状态
在三台机器上任意一台执行kubectl get cs
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
3.8 配置kubelet证书自动申请 CSR、审核及自动续期
3.8.1 节点自动创建 CSR 请求
节点 kubelet 启动时自动创建 CSR 请求，将kubelet-bootstrap用户绑定到系统集群角色 ,这个是为了颁发证书用的权限
# Bind kubelet-bootstrap user to system cluster roles.
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap
3.8.2 证书审批及自动续期
1）手动审批脚本(启动 node 节点 kubelet 之后操作)
vim k8s-csr-approve.sh
#!/bin/bash
CSRS=$(kubectl get csr | awk '{if(NR>1) print $1}')
for csr in $CSRS; do
kubectl certificate approve $csr;
done
- 自动审批及续期
创建自动批准相关 CSR 请求的 ClusterRole
[root@centos7-a ~]# mkdir yaml
[root@centos7-a ~]# cd yaml/
[root@centos7-a yaml]# vim tls-instructs-csr.yaml
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:selfnodeserver
rules:
- apiGroups: ["certificates.k8s.io"]
resources: ["certificatesigningrequests/selfnodeserver"]
verbs: ["create"]
[root@centos7-a yaml]# kubectl apply -f tls-instructs-csr.yaml
自动批准 kubelet-bootstrap 用户 TLS bootstrapping 首次申请证书的 CSR 请求
kubectl create clusterrolebinding node-client-auto-approve-csr --clusterrole=system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:nodeclient --user=kubelet-bootstrap
自动批准 system:nodes 组用户更新 kubelet 自身与 apiserver 通讯证书的 CSR 请求
kubectl create clusterrolebinding node-client-auto-renew-crt --clusterrole=system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:selfnodeclient --group=system:nodes
自动批准 system:nodes 组用户更新 kubelet 10250 api 端口证书的 CSR 请求
kubectl create clusterrolebinding node-server-auto-renew-crt --clusterrole=system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:selfnodeserver --group=system:nodes
自动获签后的状态如下：
[root@centos7-a kubelet]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
csr-44lt8 4m10s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
csr-45njg 0s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
csr-nsbc9 4m9s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
csr-vk64f 4m9s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
csr-wftvq 59s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
3.9 安装 kube-proxy
拷贝对应包至所有节点
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd k8s-1.18.3/kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./kube-proxy dest=/opt/kubernetes/bin mode=755"
此处可以使用 tmux 打开五个终端窗口进行，并行输入，也可以在五台机器上分开执行
[root@centos7-a ~]# cd k8s-scripts
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# vim install-proxy.sh
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# bash install-proxy.sh ${HOSTNAME}
脚本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
HOSTNAME=${1:-"`hostname`"}
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs/kube-proxy \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
address: 0.0.0.0 # 监听地址
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249 # 监控指标地址,监控获取相关信息 就从这里获取
clientConnection:
kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig # 读取配置文件
hostnameOverride: ${HOSTNAME} # 注册到k8s的节点名称唯一
clusterCIDR: 10.244.0.0/16
mode: iptables # 使用iptables模式
# 使用 ipvs 模式
#mode: ipvs # ipvs 模式
#ipvs:
# scheduler: "rr"
#iptables:
# masqueradeAll: true
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-proxy
3.10 安装 kubelet
拷贝对应包至所有节点
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd k8s-1.18.3/kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@centos7-nginx bin]# ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./kubelet dest=/opt/kubernetes/bin mode=755"
此处可以使用 tmux 打开五个终端窗口进行，并行输入，也可以在五台机器上分开执行
[root@centos7-a ~]# cd k8s-scripts
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# vim install-kubelet.sh
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# bash install-kubelet.sh 10.96.0.10 ${HOSTNAME} cluster.local
脚本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
DNS_SERVER_IP=${1:-"10.96.0.10"}
HOSTNAME=${2:-"`hostname`"}
CLUETERDOMAIN=${3:-"cluster.local"}
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs/kubelet \\
--hostname-override=${HOSTNAME} \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d \\
--cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin \\
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0 \\
--system-reserved=memory=300Mi \\
--kube-reserved=memory=400Mi"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml
kind: KubeletConfiguration # 使用对象
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 # api版本
address: 0.0.0.0 # 监听地址
port: 10250 # 当前kubelet的端口
readOnlyPort: 10255 # kubelet暴露的端口
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs # 驱动，要与docker info显示的驱动一致
clusterDNS:
- ${DNS_SERVER_IP}
clusterDomain: ${CLUETERDOMAIN} # 集群域
failSwapOn: false # 关闭swap
# 身份验证
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
# 授权
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
# Node 资源保留
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 300Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
evictionPressureTransitionPeriod: 5m0s
# 镜像删除策略
imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
imageMinimumGCAge: 2m0s
# 旋转证书
rotateCertificates: true # 旋转kubelet client 证书
featureGates:
RotateKubeletServerCertificate: true
RotateKubeletClientCertificate: true
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl restart kubelet
3.11 查看节点个数
等待一段时间后出现
[root@centos7-a ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
centos7-a NotReady <none> 7m v1.18.3
centos7-b NotReady <none> 6m v1.18.3
centos7-c NotReady <none> 6m v1.18.3
centos7-d NotReady <none> 6m v1.18.3
centos7-e NotReady <none> 5m v1.18.3
3.12 安装网络插件
3.12.1 安装 flannel
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# mkdir flannel
[root@centos7-nginx flannel]# wget https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.12.0/flannel-v0.12.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-nginx flannel]# tar xf flannel-v0.12.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-nginx flannel]# ll
总用量 43792
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 lyj lyj 35253112 3月 13 08:01 flanneld
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9565406 6月 16 19:41 flannel-v0.12.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 lyj lyj 2139 5月 29 2019 mk-docker-opts.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 lyj lyj 4300 5月 29 2019 README.md
[root@centos7-nginx flannel]# vim remove-docker0.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2014 The Kubernetes Authors All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# Delete default docker bridge, so that docker can start with flannel network.
# exit on any error
set -e
rc=0
ip link show docker0 >/dev/null 2>&1 || rc="$?"
if [[ "$rc" -eq "0" ]]; then
ip link set dev docker0 down
ip link delete docker0
fi
将包拷贝至所有主机对应位置
[root@centos7-nginx flannel]# ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./flanneld dest=/opt/kubernetes/bin mode=755"
[root@centos7-nginx flannel]# ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./mk-docker-opts.sh dest=/opt/kubernetes/bin mode=755"
[root@centos7-nginx flannel]# ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./remove-docker0.sh dest=/opt/kubernetes/bin mode=755"
准备启动脚本
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# vim install-flannel.sh
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# bash install-flannel.sh
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# ansible k8s -m script -a "./install-flannel.sh https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379"
脚本内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${1:-'https://127.0.0.1:2379'}
cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld <<EOF
FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
-etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
-etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
-etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem"
EOF
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld Overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
#ExecStartPre=/opt/kubernetes/bin/remove-docker0.sh
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq \$FLANNEL_OPTIONS
#ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable flanneld
systemctl restart flanneld
将 pod 网段信息写入 etcd 中
登陆到任意一台 master 节点上
[root@centos7-a ~]# cd k8s-scripts/
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# vim install-flannel-to-etcd.sh
[root@centos7-a k8s-scripts]# bash install-flannel-to-etcd.sh https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379 10.244.0.0/16 vxlan
脚本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
# bash install-flannel-to-etcd.sh https://10.10.10.128:2379,https://10.10.10.129:2379,https://10.10.10.130:2379 10.244.0.0/16 vxlan
ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${1:-'https://127.0.0.1:2379'}
NETWORK=${2:-'10.244.0.0/16'}
NETWORK_MODE=${3:-'vxlan'}
ETCDCTL_API=2 etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} set /coreos.com/network/config '{"Network": '\"$NETWORK\"', "Backend": {"Type": '\"${NETWORK_MODE}\"'}}'
#ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} put /coreos.com/network/config -- '{"Network": "10.244.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'
由于flannel 使用的是v2版本的 etcd，所以此处 etcdctl 使用 v2 的 API
3.12.2 安装 cni-plugin
下载 cni 插件
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# mkdir cni
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# cd cni
[root@centos7-nginx cni]# wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
[root@centos7-nginx cni]# tar xf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
[root@centos7-nginx cni]# ll
总用量 106512
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4159518 5月 14 03:50 bandwidth
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4671647 5月 14 03:50 bridge
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 36878412 6月 17 20:07 cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12124326 5月 14 03:50 dhcp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5945760 5月 14 03:50 firewall
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3069556 5月 14 03:50 flannel
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4174394 5月 14 03:50 host-device
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3614480 5月 14 03:50 host-local
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4314598 5月 14 03:50 ipvlan
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3209463 5月 14 03:50 loopback
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4389622 5月 14 03:50 macvlan
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3939867 5月 14 03:50 portmap
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4590277 5月 14 03:50 ptp
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3392826 5月 14 03:50 sbr
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2885430 5月 14 03:50 static
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3356587 5月 14 03:50 tuning
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4314446 5月 14 03:50 vlan
[root@centos7-nginx cni]# cd ..
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=./cni/ dest=/opt/cni/bin mode=755"
创建 cni 配置文件
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# vim install-cni.sh
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# ansible k8s -m script -a "./install-cni.sh"
脚本内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
mkdir /etc/cni/net.d/ -pv
cat <<EOF > /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
{
"name": "cbr0",
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
EOF
3.13 查看 node 状态
[root@centos7-c cfg]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
10.10.10.128 Ready <none> 1h v1.18.3
10.10.10.129 Ready <none> 1h v1.18.3
10.10.10.130 Ready <none> 1h v1.18.3
10.10.10.131 Ready <none> 1h v1.18.3
10.10.10.132 Ready <none> 1h v1.18.3
3.14 安装 coredns
注意：k8s 与 coredns 的版本对应关系
https://github.com/coredns/deployment/blob/master/kubernetes/CoreDNS-k8s_version.md
安装 dns 插件
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
文件内容如下
cat coredns.yaml # 注意修改clusterIP 和 镜像版本1.6.7
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:coredns
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- endpoints
- services
- pods
- namespaces
verbs:
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:coredns
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:coredns
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
data:
Corefile: |
.:53 {
errors
health {
lameduck 5s
}
ready
kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
}
prometheus :9153
forward . /etc/resolv.conf
cache 30
loop
reload
loadbalance
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
# replicas: not specified here:
# 1. Default is 1.
# 2. Will be tuned in real time if DNS horizontal auto-scaling is turned on.
replicas: 2
strategy:
type: RollingUpdate
rollingUpdate:
maxUnavailable: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
spec:
priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical
serviceAccountName: coredns
tolerations:
- key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
operator: "Exists"
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
affinity:
podAntiAffinity:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- weight: 100
podAffinityTerm:
labelSelector:
matchExpressions:
- key: k8s-app
operator: In
values: ["kube-dns"]
topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
containers:
- name: coredns
image: coredns/coredns:1.6.7
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
memory: 170Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 70Mi
args: [ "-conf", "/etc/coredns/Corefile" ]
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/coredns
readOnly: true
ports:
- containerPort: 53
name: dns
protocol: UDP
- containerPort: 53
name: dns-tcp
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 9153
name: metrics
protocol: TCP
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
capabilities:
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
drop:
- all
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 8080
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 60
timeoutSeconds: 5
successThreshold: 1
failureThreshold: 5
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /ready
port: 8181
scheme: HTTP
dnsPolicy: Default
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: coredns
items:
- key: Corefile
path: Corefile
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: kube-dns
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
prometheus.io/port: "9153"
prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: kube-dns
clusterIP: 10.96.0.10
ports:
- name: dns
port: 53
protocol: UDP
- name: dns-tcp
port: 53
protocol: TCP
- name: metrics
port: 9153
protocol: TCP
验证是否可以正常运行
# 先创建一个 busybox 容器作为客户端
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/examples/admin/dns/busybox.yaml
# 解析 kubernetes
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl exec -it busybox -- nslookup kubernetes
Server: 10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kubernetes
Address 1: 10.96.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
[root@centos7-nginx ~]#
3.15 安装 metrics-server
项目地址：https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server
按照说明执行如下命令即可，需要根据自身集群状态进行修改，比如，镜像地址、资源限制...
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/download/v0.3.6/components.yaml
将文件下载到本地
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/download/v0.3.6/components.yaml
修改内容：修改镜像地址，添加资源限制和相关命令
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: metrics-server
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- name: metrics-server
image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/liyongjian5179/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.6
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
cpu: 400m
memory: 512Mi
requests:
cpu: 50m
memory: 50Mi
command:
- /metrics-server
- --kubelet-insecure-tls
- --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP
根据您的群集设置，您可能还需要更改传递给Metrics Server容器的标志。最有用的标志：
--kubelet-preferred-address-types-确定连接到特定节点的地址时使用的节点地址类型的优先级（default [Hostname,InternalDNS,InternalIP,ExternalDNS,ExternalIP]）--kubelet-insecure-tls-不要验证Kubelets提供的服务证书的CA。仅用于测试目的。--requestheader-client-ca-file-指定根证书捆绑包，以验证传入请求上的客户端证书。
执行该文件
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl apply -f components.yaml
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:aggregated-metrics-reader created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/metrics-server:system:auth-delegator created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/metrics-server-auth-reader created
apiservice.apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io created
serviceaccount/metrics-server created
deployment.apps/metrics-server created
service/metrics-server created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-server created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-server created
等待一段时间即可查看效果
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl top nodes
NAME CPU(cores) CPU% MEMORY(bytes) MEMORY%
centos7-a 159m 15% 1069Mi 62%
centos7-b 158m 15% 1101Mi 64%
centos7-c 168m 16% 1153Mi 67%
centos7-d 48m 4% 657Mi 38%
centos7-e 45m 4% 440Mi 50%
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl top pods -A
NAMESPACE NAME CPU(cores) MEMORY(bytes)
kube-system coredns-6fdfb45d56-79jhl 5m 12Mi
kube-system coredns-6fdfb45d56-pvnzt 3m 13Mi
kube-system metrics-server-5f8fdf59b9-8chz8 1m 11Mi
kube-system tiller-deploy-6b75d7dccd-r6sz2 2m 6Mi
完整文件内容如下
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:aggregated-metrics-reader
labels:
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-view: "true"
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-edit: "true"
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-admin: "true"
rules:
- apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: metrics-server:system:auth-delegator
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:auth-delegator
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: metrics-server
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: metrics-server-auth-reader
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: extension-apiserver-authentication-reader
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: metrics-server
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: APIService
metadata:
name: v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io
spec:
service:
name: metrics-server
namespace: kube-system
group: metrics.k8s.io
version: v1beta1
insecureSkipTLSVerify: true
groupPriorityMinimum: 100
versionPriority: 100
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: metrics-server
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: metrics-server
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: metrics-server
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: metrics-server
template:
metadata:
name: metrics-server
labels:
k8s-app: metrics-server
spec:
serviceAccountName: metrics-server
volumes:
# mount in tmp so we can safely use from-scratch images and/or read-only containers
- name: tmp-dir
emptyDir: {}
containers:
- name: metrics-server
image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/liyongjian5179/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.6
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
cpu: 400m
memory: 512Mi
requests:
cpu: 50m
memory: 50Mi
command:
- /metrics-server
- --kubelet-insecure-tls
- --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP
args:
- --cert-dir=/tmp
- --secure-port=4443
ports:
- name: main-port
containerPort: 4443
protocol: TCP
securityContext:
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
runAsNonRoot: true
runAsUser: 1000
volumeMounts:
- name: tmp-dir
mountPath: /tmp
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
kubernetes.io/arch: "amd64"
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: metrics-server
namespace: kube-system
labels:
kubernetes.io/name: "Metrics-server"
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: metrics-server
ports:
- port: 443
protocol: TCP
targetPort: main-port
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: system:metrics-server
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
- nodes
- nodes/stats
- namespaces
- configmaps
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:metrics-server
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:metrics-server
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: metrics-server
namespace: kube-system
3.16 安装 ingress
3.16.1 LB 方案
采用裸金属服务器的方案：https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/deploy/#bare-metal
可选NodePort或者LoadBalancer，默认是 NodePort 的方案
在云上的环境可以使用现成的 LB的方案:
比如阿里云Internal load balancer示例，可以通过注解的方式
[...]
metadata:
annotations:
service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-address-type: "intranet"
[...]
裸金属服务器上可选方案：
1）纯软件解决方案：MetalLB（https://metallb.universe.tf/）
该项目发布于 2017 年底，当前处于 Beta 阶段。
MetalLB支持两种声明模式：
- Layer 2模式：ARP/NDP
- BGP模式
Layer 2 模式
Layer 2模式下，每个service会有集群中的一个node来负责。当服务客户端发起ARP解析的时候，对应的node会响应该ARP请求，之后，该service的流量都会指向该node（看上去该node上有多个地址）。
Layer 2模式并不是真正的负载均衡，因为流量都会先经过1个node后，再通过kube-proxy转给多个end points。如果该node故障，MetalLB会迁移 IP到另一个node，并重新发送免费ARP告知客户端迁移。现代操作系统基本都能正确处理免费ARP，因此failover不会产生太大问题。
Layer 2模式更为通用，不需要用户有额外的设备；但由于Layer 2模式使用ARP/ND，地址池分配需要跟客户端在同一子网，地址分配略为繁琐。
BGP模式
BGP模式下，集群中所有node都会跟上联路由器建立BGP连接，并且会告知路由器应该如何转发service的流量。
BGP模式是真正的LoadBalancer。
2）通过NodePort
使用`NodePort`有一些局限性
- Source IP address
默认情况下，NodePort类型的服务执行源地址转换。这意味着HTTP请求的源IP始终是从NGINX侧接收到该请求的Kubernetes节点的IP地址。
建议在NodePort设置中保留源IP的方法是将ingress-nginx的Service中spec的externalTrafficPolicy字段的值设置为Local，如下面的例子：
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
annotations:
# by default the type is elb (classic load balancer).
service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-type: nlb
spec:
# this setting is t make sure the source IP address is preserved.
externalTrafficPolicy: Local
type: LoadBalancer
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
targetPort: http
- name: https
port: 443
targetPort: https
注意：此设置有效地丢弃了发送到未运行NGINX Ingress控制器任何实例的Kubernetes节点的数据包。考虑将NGINX Pod分配给特定节点，以控制应调度或不调度NGINX Ingress控制器的节点，可以通过nodeSelector实现。如果有三台机器，但是只有两个 nginx 的 replica，分别部署在 node-2和 node-3，那么当请求到 node-1 时，会因为在这台机器上没有运行 nginx 的 replica 而被丢弃。
给对应节点打标签
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl label nodes centos7-d lb-type=nginx
node/centos7-d labeled
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl label nodes centos7-e lb-type=nginx
node/centos7-e labeled
3.16.2 安装
本次实验采用默认的方式：
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/master/deploy/static/provider/baremetal/deploy.yaml
如果需要进行修改，先下载到本地
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/master/deploy/static/provider/baremetal/deploy.yaml
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# vim deploy.yaml
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
namespace/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx created
configmap/ingress-nginx-controller created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission created
service/ingress-nginx-controller created
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller created
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-create created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-patch created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx-admission created
也可以先跑起来，在修改
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl edit deploy ingress-nginx-controller -n ingress-nginx
...
spec:
progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
replicas: 2 #----> 修改为 2 实现高可用
...
template:
...
spec:
nodeSelector: #----> 增加节点选择器
lb-type: nginx #----> 匹配标签
或者使用
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl -n ingress-nginx patch deployment ingress-nginx-controller -p '{"spec": {"template": {"spec": {"nodeSelector": {"lb-type": "nginx"}}}}}'
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller patched
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl -n ingress-nginx scale --replicas=2 deployment/ingress-nginx-controller
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller scaled
查看 svc 状态可以看到端口已经分配
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.101.121.120 <none> 80:36459/TCP,443:33171/TCP 43m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.111.108.89 <none> 443/TCP 43m
所有机器上的端口也已经开启，为了防止请求被丢弃，建议将代理后的节点 ip 固定在已经打了lb-type=nginx的节点
[root@centos7-a ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep proxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:36459 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 69169/kube-proxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:33171 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 69169/kube-proxy
...
[root@centos7-d ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep proxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:36459 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 84181/kube-proxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:33171 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 84181/kube-proxy
[root@centos7-e ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep proxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:36459 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 74881/kube-proxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:33171 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 74881/kube-proxy
3.16.3 验证
# 创建一个应用
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl create deployment nginx-dns --image=nginx
deployment.apps/nginx-dns created
# 创建 svc
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl expose deployment nginx-dns --port=80
service/nginx-dns exposed
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 29 29h
nginx-dns-5c6b6b99df-qvnjh 1/1 Running 0 13s
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 3d5h
nginx-dns ClusterIP 10.108.88.75 <none> 80/TCP 10s
# 创建 ingress 文件并执行
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# vim ingress.yaml
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# cat ingress.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-nginx-dns
namespace: default
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
rules:
- host: ng.5179.top
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: nginx-dns
servicePort: 80
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl apply -f ingress.yaml
ingress.extensions/ingress-nginx-dns created
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl get ingress
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-nginx-dns <none> ng.5179.top 80 9s
先将日志刷起来
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 30 30h
nginx-dns-5c6b6b99df-qvnjh 1/1 Running 0 28m
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl logs -f nginx-dns-5c6b6b99df-qvnjh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
10.244.3.123 - - [20/Jun/2020:12:58:20 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "10.244.4.0"
后端 Pod 中 nginx 的日志格式为
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
另起一个终端进行访问
[root@centos7-a ~]# curl -H 'Host:ng.5179.top' http://10.10.10.132:36459 -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.19.0
Date: Sat, 20 Jun 2020 12:58:27 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Connection: keep-alive
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Last-Modified: Tue, 26 May 2020 15:00:20 GMT
ETag: "5ecd2f04-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
可以看到日志10.244.3.123 - - [20/Jun/2020:12:58:20 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "10.244.4.0"
然后我们可以配置前端的 LB
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# vim ng.conf
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# cat ng.conf
upstream nginx-dns{
ip_hash;
server 10.10.10.131:36459 ;
server 10.10.10.132:36459;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name ng.5179.top;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
proxy_pass http://nginx-dns;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
# 添加内部解析
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.10.10.127 centos7-nginx lb.5179.top ng.5179.top
10.10.10.128 centos7-a
10.10.10.129 centos7-b
10.10.10.130 centos7-c
10.10.10.131 centos7-d
10.10.10.132 centos7-e
# 重启 nginx
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# nginx -s reload
访问该域名
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# curl http://ng.5179.top -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.16.1
Date: Sat, 20 Jun 2020 13:07:38 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Connection: keep-alive
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Last-Modified: Tue, 26 May 2020 15:00:20 GMT
ETag: "5ecd2f04-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
后端也能正常收到日志
10.244.4.17 - - [20/Jun/2020:13:22:11 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "10.244.4.1
$remote_addr ---> 10.244.4.17：为某一台 ingress-nginx 的 nginx_IP
$http_x_forwarded_for ---> 10.244.4.1：为节点上的 cni0 网卡 IP
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
ingress-nginx-admission-create-tqp5w 0/1 Completed 0 112m 10.244.3.119 centos7-d <none> <none>
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-78jmf 0/1 Completed 0 112m 10.244.3.120 centos7-d <none> <none>
ingress-nginx-controller-5946fd499c-6cx4x 1/1 Running 0 11m 10.244.3.125 centos7-d <none> <none>
ingress-nginx-controller-5946fd499c-khjdn 1/1 Running 0 11m 10.244.4.17 centos7-e <none> <none>
修改 ingress-nginx-controller 的 svc
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.101.121.120 <none> 80:36459/TCP,443:33171/TCP 97m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.111.108.89 <none> 443/TCP 97m
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# kubectl edit svc ingress-nginx-controller -n ingress-nginx
...
spec:
clusterIP: 10.101.121.120
externalTrafficPolicy: Cluster #---> 修改为 Local
...
service/ingress-nginx-controller edited
再次访问
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# curl http://ng.5179.top -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.16.1
Date: Sat, 20 Jun 2020 13:28:05 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Connection: keep-alive
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Last-Modified: Tue, 26 May 2020 15:00:20 GMT
ETag: "5ecd2f04-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
# 查看本机网卡 IP
[root@centos7-nginx conf.d]# ip addr show ens33
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:38:d4:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.10.10.127/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe38:d4e3/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
nginx的日志($http_x_forwarded_for)已经记录了客户端的真实IP
10.244.4.17 - - [20/Jun/2020:13:28:05 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "10.10.10.127"
3.16.4 运行多个 ingress
注意：如果要运行多个 ingress ，一个服务于公共流量，一个服务于“内部”流量。为此，必须将选项--ingress-class更改为控制器定义内群集的唯一值。
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx-ingress-internal-controller
args:
- /nginx-ingress-controller
- '--election-id=ingress-controller-leader-internal'
- '--ingress-class=nginx-internal'
- '--configmap=ingress/nginx-ingress-internal-controller'
需要创建单独的Configmap、Service、Deployment的文件，其他与默认安装的 ingress 共用即可
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
labels:
helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-2.4.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 0.33.0
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
name: ingress-nginx-internal-controller # 修改名字
namespace: ingress-nginx
data:
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-2.4.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 0.33.0
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
name: ingress-nginx-internal-controller # 修改名字
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: http
- name: https
port: 443
protocol: TCP
targetPort: https
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
---
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-2.4.0
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 0.33.0
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
name: ingress-nginx-internal-controller # 修改名字
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
minReadySeconds: 0
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
spec:
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
containers:
- name: controller
#image: quay.io/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.33.0
image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/liyongjian5179/nginx-ingress-controller:0.33.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
lifecycle:
preStop:
exec:
command:
- /wait-shutdown
args:
- /nginx-ingress-controller
- --election-id=ingress-controller-leader-internal
- --ingress-class=nginx-internal
- --configmap=ingress-nginx/ingress-nginx-internal-controller
- --validating-webhook=:8443
- --validating-webhook-certificate=/usr/local/certificates/cert
- --validating-webhook-key=/usr/local/certificates/key
securityContext:
capabilities:
drop:
- ALL
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
runAsUser: 101
allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
timeoutSeconds: 1
successThreshold: 1
failureThreshold: 3
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
timeoutSeconds: 1
successThreshold: 1
failureThreshold: 3
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 80
protocol: TCP
- name: https
containerPort: 443
protocol: TCP
- name: webhook
containerPort: 8443
protocol: TCP
volumeMounts:
- name: webhook-cert
mountPath: /usr/local/certificates/
readOnly: true
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 90Mi
serviceAccountName: ingress-nginx
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
volumes:
- name: webhook-cert
secret:
secretName: ingress-nginx-admission
然后执行即可，然后还需要在原配置文件中的 Role中添加一行信息
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-role.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
...
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
rules:
...
- apiGroups:
- ''
resources:
- configmaps
resourceNames:
# Defaults to "<election-id>-<ingress-class>"
# Here: "<ingress-controller-leader>-<nginx>"
# This has to be adapted if you change either parameter
# when launching the nginx-ingress-controller.
- ingress-controller-leader-nginx
- ingress-controller-leader-internal-nginx-internal #此处要增加一行,如果不加，会出现下面的报错
verbs:
- get
- update
上述所说，如果不添加，ingress-controller 的 nginx 会出现这个报错信息
E0621 08:25:07.531202 6 leaderelection.go:356] Failed to update lock: configmaps "ingress-controller-leader-internal-nginx-internal" is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:ingress-nginx:ingress-nginx" cannot update resource "configmaps" in API group "" in the namespace "ingress-nginx"
然后修改 ingress 文件
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx
annotations:
# 注意这里要设置为您前面配置的 INGRESS_CLASS，比如：nginx-internal
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "<YOUR_INGRESS_CLASS>"
示例:
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl apply -f ingress-internal.yaml
ingress.extensions/ingress-nginx-dns-internal created
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# cat ingress-internal.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-nginx-dns-internal
# namespace: default
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx-internal"
spec:
rules:
- host: ng-inter.5179.top
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: nginx-dns
servicePort: 80
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# kubectl get ingress
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
ingress-nginx-dns <none> ng.5179.top 10.10.10.131 80 47m
ingress-nginx-dns-internal <none> ng-inter.5179.top 10.10.10.131,10.10.10.132 80 32s
在 nginx 的配置文件中增加
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/ng.conf
upstream nginx-dns{
ip_hash;
server 10.10.10.131:31511;
server 10.10.10.132:31511;
}
upstream nginx-dns-inter{
ip_hash;
server 10.10.10.131:40377;
server 10.10.10.132:40377;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name ng.5179.top;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
proxy_pass http://nginx-dns;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name ng-inter.5179.top;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
proxy_pass http://nginx-dns-inter/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
重启后添加本地解析，然后访问即可
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# curl http://ng-inter.5179.top -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.16.1
Date: Sun, 21 Jun 2020 09:07:12 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Connection: keep-alive
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Last-Modified: Tue, 26 May 2020 15:00:20 GMT
ETag: "5ecd2f04-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
[root@centos7-nginx yaml]# curl http://ng.5179.top -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.16.1
Date: Sun, 21 Jun 2020 09:07:17 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Connection: keep-alive
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Last-Modified: Tue, 26 May 2020 15:00:20 GMT
ETag: "5ecd2f04-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
3.17 安装 prometheus-operator
3.17.1 下载安装
使用 prometheus-operator 进行安装.
地址如下https://github.com/coreos/kube-prometheus
根据 Readme.md 进行版本的选择，本次 k8s 安装的是 1.18 ，所以 prometheus 选的分支为 release-0.5
git clone https://github.com/coreos/kube-prometheus.git -b release-0.5
cd kube-prometheus
# Create the namespace and CRDs, and then wait for them to be availble before creating the remaining resources
kubectl create -f manifests/setup
until kubectl get servicemonitors --all-namespaces ; do date; sleep 1; echo ""; done
kubectl create -f manifests/
为了远程访问方便，创建了 ingress
[root@centos7-a ingress]# cat ingress-grafana.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-grafana
namespace: monitoring
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
rules:
- host: grafana.5179.top
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: grafana
servicePort: 3000
[root@centos7-a ingress]# cat ingress-prometheus.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-prometheus
namespace: monitoring
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
rules:
- host: prometheus.5179.top
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: prometheus-k8s
servicePort: 9090
[root@centos7-a ingress]# cat ingress-alertmanager.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-alertmanager
namespace: monitoring
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
rules:
- host: alertmanager.5179.top
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: alertmanager-main
servicePort: 9093
查看 ingress
[root@centos7-a ingress]# kubectl get ingress -A
NAMESPACE NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
monitoring ingress-alertmanager <none> alertmanager.5179.top 10.10.10.129 80 3m6s
monitoring ingress-grafana <none> grafana.5179.top 10.10.10.129 80 3m6s
monitoring ingress-prometheus <none> prometheus.5179.top 10.10.10.129 80 3m6s
3.17.2 遇到的坑
1) kube-scheduler和kube-controller-manager 的target 为 0/0
二进制部署k8s管理组件和新版本 kubeadm 部署的都会发现在prometheus status 下的 target 页面上发现kube-controller-manager和kube-scheduler的 target 为0/0。因为 serviceMonitor是根据 label 去选取 svc的，可以查看对应的serviceMonitor是选取的ns范围是kube-system
解决办法：
查看endpoint 两者的endpoint为 none
[root@centos7-a kube-prometheus]# kubectl get endpoints -n kube-system
NAME ENDPOINTS AGE
kube-controller-manager <none> 7m35s
kube-dns 10.244.43.2:53,10.244.62.2:53,10.244.43.2:9153 + 3 more... 4m10s
kube-scheduler <none> 7m31s
kubelet 10.10.10.129:4194,10.10.10.132:4194,10.10.10.128:4194 + 12 more... 22s
查看两者的端口
[root@centos7-a kube-prometheus]# ss -tnlp| grep scheduler
LISTEN 0 32768 :::10251 :::* users:(("kube-scheduler",pid=60128,fd=5))
LISTEN 0 32768 :::10259 :::* users:(("kube-scheduler",pid=60128,fd=7))
[root@centos7-a kube-prometheus]# ss -tnlp| grep contro
LISTEN 0 32768 :::10252 :::* users:(("kube-controller",pid=59695,fd=6))
LISTEN 0 32768 :::10257 :::* users:(("kube-controller",pid=59695,fd=7))
创建文件并执行
[root@centos7-a yaml]# cat schedulerandcontroller-ep-svc.yaml
# cat kube-scheduer-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-scheduler
name: kube-scheduler
namespace: kube-system
spec:
clusterIP: None
ports:
- name: https-metrics
port: 10259
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 10259
- name: http-metrics
port: 10251
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 10251
type: ClusterIP
---
# cat kube-controller-manager-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-controller-manager
name: kube-controller-manager
namespace: kube-system
spec:
clusterIP: None
ports:
- name: https-metrics
port: 10257
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 10257
- name: http-metrics
port: 10252
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 10252
type: ClusterIP
---
# cat ep-controller-manager.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Endpoints
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-controller-manager
name: kube-controller-manager
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
subsets:
- addresses:
- ip: 10.10.10.128
targetRef:
kind: Node
name: 10.10.10.128
- ip: 10.10.10.129
targetRef:
kind: Node
name: 10.10.10.129
- ip: 10.10.10.130
targetRef:
kind: Node
name: 10.10.10.130
ports:
- name: http-metrics
port: 10252
protocol: TCP
- name: https-metrics
port: 10257
protocol: TCP
---
# cat ep-scheduler.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Endpoints
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-scheduler
name: kube-scheduler
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
subsets:
- addresses:
- ip: 10.10.10.128
targetRef:
kind: Node
name: 10.10.10.128
- ip: 10.10.10.129
targetRef:
kind: Node
name: 10.10.10.129
- ip: 10.10.10.130
targetRef:
kind: Node
name: 10.10.10.130
ports:
- name: http-metrics
port: 10251
protocol: TCP
- name: https-metrics
port: 10259
protocol: TCP
2) node-exporter的 target 显示（3/5）
有两个有问题的 Node，同时查看 kubectl top node 也发现问题，节点数据看不到
[root@centos7--a kube-prometheus]# kubectl top nodes
NAME CPU(cores) CPU% MEMORY(bytes) MEMORY%
10.10.10.129 110m 5% 1360Mi 36%
10.10.10.128 114m 5% 1569Mi 42%
10.10.10.130 101m 5% 1342Mi 36%
10.10.10.132 <unknown> <unknown> <unknown> <unknown>
10.10.10.131 <unknown> <unknown> <unknown> <unknown>
解决办法：
查看问题节点所对应的 Pod
[root@centos7--a kube-prometheus]# kubectl get pods -o custom-columns='NAME:metadata.name,NODE:spec.nodeName' -n monitoring |grep node
node-exporter-2fqt5 10.10.10.130
node-exporter-fxqxb 10.10.10.129
node-exporter-pbq28 10.10.10.132
node-exporter-tvw5j 10.10.10.128
node-exporter-znp6k 10.10.10.131
查看日志
[root@centos7--a kube-prometheus]# kubectl logs -f node-exporter-znp6k -n monitoring -c kube-rbac-proxy
I0627 02:58:01.947861 53400 main.go:213] Generating self signed cert as no cert is provided
I0627 02:58:44.246733 53400 main.go:243] Starting TCP socket on [10.10.10.131]:9100
I0627 02:58:44.346251 53400 main.go:250] Listening securely on [10.10.10.131]:9100
E0627 02:59:27.246742 53400 webhook.go:106] Failed to make webhook authenticator request: Post https://10.96.0.1:443/apis/authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1/tokenreviews: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout
E0627 02:59:27.247585 53400 proxy.go:67] Unable to authenticate the request due to an error: Post https://10.96.0.1:443/apis/authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1/tokenreviews: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout
E0627 02:59:42.160199 53400 webhook.go:106] Failed to make webhook authenticator request: Post https://10.96.0.1:443/apis/authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1/tokenreviews: dial tcp 10.96.0.1:443: i/o timeout
一直在报连接 10.96.0.1:443 超时，像是 kubernetes 在回包的时候，无法建立连接，
两种解决办法：
- 在问题节点加入一条防火墙命令（不推荐）
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 10.96.0.0/12 -j MASQUERADE
- 修改 kube-proxy 配置文件，改成正确的 cluster-CIDR (推荐)
再次查看已经正常了
[root@centos7--a kube-prometheus]# kubectl top nodes
NAME CPU(cores) CPU% MEMORY(bytes) MEMORY%
10.10.10.129 109m 5% 1362Mi 36%
10.10.10.132 65m 3% 1118Mi 30%
10.10.10.128 175m 8% 1581Mi 42%
10.10.10.130 118m 5% 1344Mi 36%
10.10.10.131 60m 3% 829Mi 22%
实际排查后发现，是 kube-proxy 的 clusterCIDR写成了 service 的网段。
clusterCIDR: kube-proxy 根据 --cluster-cidr 判断集群内部和外部流量，指定 --cluster-cidr 或 --masquerade-all选项后 kube-proxy 才会对访问 Service IP 的请求做 SNAT；
3.17.3 监控 etcd
除了 Kubernetes 集群中的一些资源对象、节点以及组件需要监控，有的时候我们可能还需要根据实际的业务需求去添加自定义的监控项，添加一个自定义监控的步骤如下：
- 第一步建立一个 ServiceMonitor 对象，用于 Prometheus 添加监控项
- 第二步为 ServiceMonitor 对象关联 metrics 数据接口的一个 Service 对象
- 第三步确保 Service 对象可以正确获取到 metrics 数据
对于 etcd 集群一般情况下，为了安全都会开启 https 证书认证的方式，所以要想让 Prometheus 访问到 etcd 集群的监控数据，就需要提供相应的证书校验。
首先我们将需要使用到的证书通过 secret 对象保存到集群中去：(在 etcd 运行的节点)
[root@centos7--a ssl]# pwd
/opt/etcd/ssl
[root@centos7--a ssl]# kubectl -n monitoring create secret generic etcd-certs --from-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem --from-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem --from-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
secret/etcd-certs created
Prometheus配置文件，将上面创建的 etcd-certs 对象配置到 prometheus 资源对象中
[root@centos7--a manifests]# pwd
/root/kube-prometheus/manifests
[root@centos7--a manifests]# vim prometheus-prometheus.yaml
replicas: 2
secrets:
- etcd-certs
[root@centos7--a manifests]# kubectl apply -f prometheus-prometheus.yaml
prometheus.monitoring.coreos.com/k8s configured
进入 pod 内查看证书是否存在
#等到pod重启后,进入pod查看是否可以看到证书
[root@centos7--a kube-prometheus]# kubectl exec -it prometheus-k8s-0 -n monitoring -- sh
Defaulting container name to prometheus.
Use 'kubectl describe pod/prometheus-k8s-0 -n monitoring' to see all of the containers in this pod.
/prometheus $ ls /etc/prometheus/secrets/
etcd-certs
/prometheus $ ls /etc/prometheus/secrets/ -l
total 0
drwxrwsrwt 3 root 2000 140 Jun 27 04:59 etcd-certs
/prometheus $ ls /etc/prometheus/secrets/etcd-certs/ -l
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Jun 27 04:59 ca.pem -> ..data/ca.pem
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Jun 27 04:59 server-key.pem -> ..data/server-key.pem
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jun 27 04:59 server.pem -> ..data/server.pem
创建 ServiceMonitor
现在 Prometheus 访问 etcd 集群的证书已经准备好了，接下来创建 ServiceMonitor 对象即可（prometheus-serviceMonitorEtcd.yaml）
$ vim prometheus-serviceMonitorEtcd.yaml
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
name: etcd-k8s
namespace: monitoring
labels:
k8s-app: etcd-k8s
spec:
jobLabel: k8s-app
endpoints:
- port: port
interval: 30s
scheme: https
tlsConfig:
caFile: /etc/prometheus/secrets/etcd-certs/ca.pem
certFile: /etc/prometheus/secrets/etcd-certs/server.pem
keyFile: /etc/prometheus/secrets/etcd-certs/server-key.pem
insecureSkipVerify: true
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: etcd
namespaceSelector:
matchNames:
- kube-system
$ kubectl apply -f prometheus-serviceMonitorEtcd.yaml
上面我们在 monitoring 命名空间下面创建了名为 etcd-k8s 的 ServiceMonitor
对象，匹配 kube-system 这个命名空间下面的具有 k8s-app=etcd 这个 label 标签的
Service，jobLabel 表示用于检索 job 任务名称的标签，和前面不太一样的地方是 endpoints 属性的写法，配置上访问
etcd 的相关证书，endpoints 属性下面可以配置很多抓取的参数，比如 relabel、proxyUrl，tlsConfig
表示用于配置抓取监控数据端点的 tls 认证，由于证书 serverName 和 etcd 中签发的可能不匹配，所以加上了
insecureSkipVerify=true
创建 Service
ServiceMonitor 创建完成了，但是现在还没有关联的对应的 Service 对象，所以需要我们去手动创建一个 Service 对象（prometheus-etcdService.yaml）：
$ vim prometheus-etcdService.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: etcd-k8s
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: etcd
spec:
type: ClusterIP
clusterIP: None
ports:
- name: port
port: 2379
protocol: TCP
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Endpoints
metadata:
name: etcd-k8s
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: etcd
subsets:
- addresses:
- ip: 10.10.10.128
- ip: 10.10.10.129
- ip: 10.10.10.130
ports:
- name: port
port: 2379
protocol: TCP
$ kubectl apply -f prometheus-etcdService.yaml
等待一会儿就可以看到 target 已经包含了
数据采集到后，可以在 grafana 中导入编号为3070的 dashboard，获取到 etcd 的监控图表。
3.18 为远端 kubectl 准备管理员证书
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# cd ssl/
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# cat admin.kubeconfig > ~/.kube/config
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# vim ~/.kube/config
[root@centos7-nginx ssl]# kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Healthy ok
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
3.19 给节点打上角色标签
默认装完在角色这列显示 <none>
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
centos7-a Ready <none> 32h v1.18.3
centos7-b Ready <none> 32h v1.18.3
centos7-c Ready <none> 32h v1.18.3
centos7-d Ready <none> 21m v1.18.3
centos7-e Ready <none> 20m v1.18.3
执行如下命令即可：
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl label nodes centos7-a node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
node/centos7-a labeled
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl label nodes centos7-b node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
node/centos7-b labeled
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl label nodes centos7-c node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
node/centos7-c labeled
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl label nodes centos7-d node-role.kubernetes.io/node=
node/centos7-d labeled
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl label nodes centos7-e node-role.kubernetes.io/node=
node/centos7-e labeled
再次查看
[root@centos7-nginx ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
centos7-a Ready master 32h v1.18.3
centos7-b Ready master 32h v1.18.3
centos7-c Ready master 32h v1.18.3
centos7-d Ready node 23m v1.18.3
centos7-e Ready node 22m v1.18.3
3.20 测试在节点上执行维护工作
驱逐并使节点不可调度
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl drain centos7-d --ignore-daemonsets=true --delete-local-data=true --force=true
node/centos7-d cordoned
evicting pod kube-system/coredns-6fdfb45d56-pvnzt
pod/coredns-6fdfb45d56-pvnzt evicted
node/centos7-d evicted
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
centos7-a Ready master 47h v1.18.3
centos7-b Ready master 47h v1.18.3
centos7-c Ready master 47h v1.18.3
centos7-d Ready,SchedulingDisabled node 15h v1.18.3
centos7-e Ready node 15h v1.18.3
重新使节点可调度：
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl uncordon centos7-d
node/centos7-d uncordoned
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
centos7-a Ready master 47h v1.18.3
centos7-b Ready master 47h v1.18.3
centos7-c Ready master 47h v1.18.3
centos7-d Ready node 15h v1.18.3
centos7-e Ready node 15h v1.18.3
3.21 使 master 节点不运行pod
master节点最好是不要作为node使用，也不推荐做node节点，
在该集群中需要打下标签node-role.kubernetes.io/master=:NoSchedule才能实现
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl taint nodes centos7-a node-role.kubernetes.io/master=:NoSchedule
node/centos7-a tainted
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl taint nodes centos7-b node-role.kubernetes.io/master=:NoSchedule
node/centos7-b tainted
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl taint nodes centos7-c node-role.kubernetes.io/master=:NoSchedule
node/centos7-c tainted
部署一个 nginx 的 deploy 进行验证
# 创建一个 deployment
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl create deployment nginx-dns --image=nginx
deployment.apps/nginx-dns created
# 修改副本数为 3
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl patch deployment nginx-dns -p '{"spec":{"replicas":3}}'
deployment.apps/nginx-dns patched
# 查看位置分布
[root@centos7-nginx scripts]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
busybox 1/1 Running 0 14m 10.244.3.113 centos7-d <none> <none>
nginx-dns-5c6b6b99df-6k4qv 1/1 Running 0 2m8s 10.244.3.116 centos7-d <none> <none>
nginx-dns-5c6b6b99df-88lcr 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 6s <none> centos7-d <none> <none>
nginx-dns-5c6b6b99df-c2nnc 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 6s <none> centos7-e <none> <none>
如果需要把master当node:
kubectl taint nodes centos7-a node-role.kubernetes.io/master-
4 FAQ
4.1 解决无法查询pods日志问题
[root@centos7-b cfg]# kubectl exec -it nginx -- bash
error: unable to upgrade connection: Forbidden (user=kubernetes, verb=create, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy)
[root@centos7-b cfg]# kubectl logs -f nginx
Error from server (Forbidden): Forbidden (user=kubernetes, verb=get, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy) ( pods/log nginx)
$ vim ~/yaml/apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yml
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: kubelet-api-admin
subjects:
- kind: User
name: kubernetes
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kubelet-api-admin
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
# 应用
$ kubectl apply -f ~/yaml/apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yml
[root@centos7-a ~]# kubectl logs -f nginx
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
10.244.2.1 - - [17/Jun/2020:02:45:59 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
10.244.2.1 - - [17/Jun/2020:02:46:09 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
10.244.2.1 - - [17/Jun/2020:02:46:12 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
10.244.2.1 - - [17/Jun/2020:02:46:13 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
5 参考
Prometheus Operator 监控 etcd 集群： https://www.qikqiak.com/post/prometheus-operator-monitor-etcd/
Kubernetes v1.18.2 二进制高可用部署: https://www.yp14.cn/2020/05/19/Kubernetes-v1-18-2-二进制高可用部署/
