Python 极客验证码识别

简单验证码识别

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import tesserocr
from PIL import Image
 
image = Image.open('PFET.jpg')
 
# 利用 Image 对象的 convert() 方法传入参数 "L" ，即可将图片转化为灰度图像
image = image.convert('L')
 
# 阈值默认为127
threshold = 127
 
table = []
for i in range(256):
    if i < threshold:
        table.append(0)
    else:
        table.append(1)
 
image = image.point(table, '1')
 
image = image.convert('1')
image.show()
 
result = tesserocr.image_to_text(image)
print(result)

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# 输出：
PFRT

极验滑动验证码的识别

极客验证官网

数据初始化

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EMAIL = 'zcs@163.com'
PASSWORD = '123'
BORDER = 6
 
class CrackGeetest():
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://account.geetest.com/login'
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 10)
        self.email = EMAIL
        self.password = PASSWORD

获取验证按钮

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    def get_geetest_button(self):
        """
        获取初始验证按钮
        :return:
        """
        button = self.wait.until(
            EC.element_to_be_clickable(
                (By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_radar_tip')
            )
        )
        return button

获取验证码图片所在位置

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    def get_position(self):
        """
        获取验证码位置
        :return: 验证码位置元组(上, 下, 左, 右)
        """
        img = self.wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located(
                (By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_canvas_img')
            )
        )
        time.sleep(2)
        location = img.location
        size = img.size
        top, bottom, left, right = \
            location['y'], location['y'] + size['height'], location['x'], location['x'] + size['width']
        return (top, bottom, left, right)

获取网页截图

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    def get_screenshot(self):
        """
        获取网页截图
        :return: 截图对象
        """
        screenshot = self.browser.get_screenshot_as_png()
        # 获取作为二进制数据的当前窗口的屏幕截图。
 
        screenshot = Image.open(BytesIO(screenshot))
        # Python在内存中读写数据，用到的模块是StringIO和BytesIO，
        # StringIO操作的只能是str，如果要操作二进制数据，就需要使用BytesIO。
 
        return screenshot

获取滑块

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    def get_slider(self):
        """
        获取滑块
        :return: 滑块对象
        """
        slider = self.wait.until(
            EC.element_to_be_clickable(
                (By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_slider_button')
            )
        )
        return slider

获取验证码图片截图

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    def get_geetest_image(self, name='captcha.png'):
        """
        获取验证码图片
        :return: 图片对象
        """
        top, bottom, left, right = self.get_position()
        print('验证码位置', top, bottom, left, right)
        screenshot = self.get_screenshot()
        # crop将图片裁剪
        captcha = screenshot.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
        # 将裁剪的验证码截图保存
        captcha.save(name)
        return captcha

打开网页输入用户名密码

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    def open_url(self):
        """
        打开网页输入用户名密码
        :return: None
        """
        self.browser.get(self.url)
        email = self.wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located(
                (By.ID, 'email')
            )
        )
        password = self.wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located(
                (By.ID, 'password')
            )
        )
        email.send_keys(self.email)
        password.send_keys(self.password)

代码汇总

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import time
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
 
 
EMAIL = 'zcs@163.com'
PASSWORD = '123'
BORDER = 6
 
class CrackGeetest():
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://account.geetest.com/login'
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 10)
        self.email = EMAIL
        self.password = PASSWORD
 
    # 当需要删除对象来释放类所占用的资源的时候，就需要调用析构方法__del__()。
    def __del__(self):
        self.browser.close()
 
    def open_url(self):
        """
        打开网页输入用户名密码
        :return: None
        """
        self.browser.get(self.url)
        email = self.wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located(
                (By.ID, 'ivu-form-item.ivu-form-item-required.ivu-form-item-error .ivu-input')
            )
        )
        password = self.wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located(
                (By.ID, '.ivu-input.ivu-input-has-value')
            )
        )
        email.send_keys(self.email)
        password.send_keys(self.password)
 
    def get_button(self):
        """
        获取验证按钮
        :return:
        """
        button = self.wait.until(
            EC.element_to_be_clickable(
                (By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_radar_tip')
            )
        )
        return button
 
    def get_slider(self):
        """
        获取滑块
        :return: 滑块对象
        """
        slider = self.wait.until(
            EC.element_to_be_clickable(
                (By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_slider_button')
            )
        )
        return slider
 
    def get_image(self):
        """
        获取验证码图片
        :return: 图片对象(无缺口图像和有缺口图像)
        """
        return 1, 2
 
    def get_distance(self, image1, image2):
        """
        获取缺口距离
        :param image1: 无缺口的滑动验证码图片
        :param image2: 有缺口的滑动验证码图片
        :return:
        """
        left = 60
        # 根据滑块的像素为 60 ，选择 60 像素为起始点
        threhold = 70
        # 阈值为 70
 
        for i in range(left, image1.size[0]):
            # 遍历 image1 的 left ~~ 最右端
            for j in range(image1.size[1]):
                # 遍历 image1 的高
 
                rgb1 = image1.load()[i, j]
                rgb2 = image2.load()[i, j]
                res1 = abs(rgb1[0] - rgb2[0])
                res2 = abs(rgb1[1] - rgb2[1])
                res3 = abs(rgb1[2] - rgb2[2])
 
                if not (res1 < threhold and res2 < threhold and res3 < threhold):
                    return i
                # image1 和 image2 同一位置的 RGB差值 是否在阈值之内。假如不在，则为缺口位置
        return left
 
    def get_track(self, distance):
        """
        根据偏移量获取移动轨迹
        :param distance: 偏移量
        :return: 移动轨迹
        """
        # 移动轨迹
        track = []
        # 当前位移
        current = 0
        # 减速阈值
        mid = distance * 4 / 5
        # 计算间隔
        t = 0.2
        # 初速度
        v = 0
 
        # 当滑块位移小于缺口距离这时候
        while current < distance:
            # 滑块位移小于缺口距离的 80% 这时，速度为2；否则速度为-3
            if current < mid:
                # 加速度为正2
                a = 2
            else:
                # 加速度为负3
                a = -3
            # 初速度v0
            v0 = v
            # 当前速度v = v0 + at
            v = v0 + a * t
            # 移动距离x = v0t + 1/2 * a * t^2
            move = v0 * t + 1 / 2 * a * t * t
            # 当前位移
            current += move
            # 加入轨迹
            track.append(round(move))
        return track
 
    def move_to_gap(self, slider, track):
        """
        拖动滑块到缺口处
        :param slider: 滑块
        :param track: 轨迹
        :return:
        """
        # 创建新的操作链
        action_chains1 = ActionChains(self.browser)
        # 按住鼠标左键
        down_left_mouse = action_chains1.click_and_hold(slider)
        # 执行所有储存的操作
        down_left_mouse.perform()
 
        # 遍历轨迹，获取每一小段位移距离
        for x in track:
            # 创建新的操作链
            action_chains2 = ActionChains(self.browser)
            # 按住鼠标后移动滑块
            move_mouse = action_chains2.move_by_offset(xoffset=x, yoffset=0)
            # 执行
            move_mouse.perform()
        time.sleep(0.5)
        # 执行滑块到缺口后，调用release()方法，松开鼠标
        ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()
 
    def login(self):
        """
        登录
        :return: None
        """
        submit = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest-btn')))
        submit.click()
        time.sleep(10)
        print('登录成功')
 
    def crack(self):
        # 输入用户名密码
        self.open_url()
        # 点击验证按钮
        button = self.get_button()
        button.click()
        # 获取验证码图片和带缺口的验证码图片
        image1, image2 = self.get_image()
        # 获取缺口位置
        gap = self.get_distance(image1, image2)
        print('缺口位置', gap)
        # 减去缺口位移
        gap = gap - BORDER
        # 获取移动轨迹
        track = self.get_track(gap)
        print('滑动轨迹', track)
        # 拖动滑块
        slider = self.get_slider()
        self.move_to_gap(slider, track)
 
        success = self.wait.until(
            EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_success_radar_tip_content'), '验证成功'))
        print(success)
 
        # 失败后重试
        if not success:
            self.crack()
        else:
            self.login()
 
 
def main():
    # 调用CrackGeetest()类
    crack_geetest = CrackGeetest()
    # 输入用户名密码
    crack_geetest.open_url()
    # 点击验证按钮
    button = crack_geetest.get_button()
    button.click()
    # 获取验证码图片和带缺口的验证码图片
    image1, image2 = crack_geetest.get_image()
    # 获取缺口位置
    gap = crack_geetest.get_distance(image1, image2)
    print('缺口位置', gap)
    # 减去缺口位移
    gap = gap - BORDER
    # 获取移动轨迹
    track = crack_geetest.get_track(gap)
    print('滑动轨迹', track)
    # 拖动滑块
    slider = crack_geetest.get_slider()
    crack_geetest.move_to_gap(slider, track)
 
    success = crack_geetest.wait.until(
        EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_success_radar_tip_content'), '验证成功'))
    print(success)
 
    # 失败后重试
    if not success:
        main()
    else:
        crack_geetest.login()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()