二、springMVC之RequestMapping和绑定参数注解

一、概述：

配置方式：

同HelloWord的配置方式；

目录结构：

@RequestMapping：

@RequestMapping除了可以使用请求URL映射请求外，还可以使用请求方法、请求参数及请求头映射请求；

@RequestMapping的value、method、params及heads分别表示请求URL、请求方法、请求参数及请求头的映射条件，他们之间的与的关系，联合使用多个条件可让请求映射更加精确化。

修饰类

关于@RequestMapping除了修饰方法，还可用来修饰类类定义处：提供初步的请求映射信息。

方法定义处：提供进一步的分映射信息。

类定义处标记的@RequestMapping 限定了处理器类可以处理所有URI为/springmvc的请求，它相对于WEB容器部署的根路径；

处理器类可以定义多个处理方法，处理来自/springmvc下的请求；

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 
 6 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 7 @Controller
 8 public class RequestMappingTest {
 9     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
10 
11     @RequestMapping("/testRequestMaping")
12     public String hello() {
13         System.out.println("testRequestMaping");
14         return SUCCESS;
15     }
16 }

index.jsp:

a标签的herf 属性为RequestMapping的类的修改和方法的修饰value的拼接；

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <a href="springmvc/testRequestMaping">hello</a>
11 </body>
12 </html>

success.jsp

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index页面点击 hello 跳转到 success.jsp页面且控制台打印：testRequestMaping；

index.jsp页面效果　　 success.jsp的运行效果

使用method属性来指定请求方式

RequestMapping(value="testMethod",method=RequestMethod.POST)：

value：指定URL
method：指定请求方式

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 6 
 7 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 8 @Controller
 9 public class RequestMappingTest {
10     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
11 
12     /**
13      * 
14      * 常用：使用method属性来指定请求方式
15      * 
16      * @return
17      */
18     @RequestMapping(value = "/testMethod", method = RequestMethod.POST)
19     public String testMethod() {
20         System.out.println("testMethod");
21         return SUCCESS;
22     }
23 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <form action="/springmvc/testMethod" method="POST">
11         <input type="submit" value="post提交">
12     </form>
13 </body>
14 </html>

success:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index页面点击post提交跳转到 success.jsp页面且控制台打印：testMethod；

使用params来更加精确的映射请求

params={"username", "age!=10","!dept"}参数说明：

请求参数中必须包含 username,username有没有值都没有关系；
请求参数必须包含age且age不等于10 age有没有都没关系，
请求参数不能包含dept;

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 
 6 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 7 @Controller
 8 public class RequestMappingTest {
 9     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
10 
11     /**
12      * 
13      * 了解；可以使用params和headers来更加精确的映射请求 params和headers支持简单的表达式
14      * 
15      * @return
16      */
17     @RequestMapping(value = "/testParamsAndHeaders", params = { "username", "age!=10","!dept" })
18     public String testParamsAndHeaders() {
19         System.out.println("testParamsAndHeaders");
20         return SUCCESS;
21     }
22 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?username=李秀明&age=10">testParamsAndHeaders_username_age10</a>
11     <br>
12     <a href="/springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?username=李秀明&age=11">testParamsAndHeaders_username_age11</a>
13     <br>
14     <a href="/springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?username=李秀明&age=11&gender=1">testParamsAndHeaders_username_age11_gender</a>
15     <br>
16     <a href="/springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?age=11&gender=1">testParamsAndHeaders_age11_gender</a>
17     <br>
18 </body>
19 </html>

success:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp的页面如下，

如果点击testParamsAndHeaders_username_age10，则显示错误信息；原因是age=10，而param中规定参数！=10；

如果点击testParamsAndHeaders_username_age11，则成功跳转到success 且控制台打印testParamsAndHeaders；

如果点击testParamsAndHeaders_username_age11_gender，则成功跳转到success且控制台打印testParamsAndHeaders；

如果点击testParamsAndHeaders_age11_gender，则显示错误信息；原因是没有username，而param中规定参数中有username，所以参数中必须带有username；

使用headers来更加精确的映射请求

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 
 6 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 7 @Controller
 8 public class RequestMappingTest {
 9     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
10 
11     @RequestMapping(value = "/testHeaders", headers = { "Accept-Language=zh-CN,zh;q=0.9" })
12     public String testHeaders() {
13         System.out.println("testHeaders");
14         return SUCCESS;
15     }
16 
17     @RequestMapping(value = "/testHeaders/enus", headers = { "Accept-Language=en-US,zh;q=0.9" })
18     public String testHeadersEnus() {
19         System.out.println("testHeaders");
20         return SUCCESS;
21     }
22 }

index.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="/springmvc/testHeaders">testHeaders</a>
    <br>
    <a href="/springmvc/testHeaders/enus">testHeaders_enus</a>
    <br>
</body>
</html>

success:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp 运行结果如下，当点击testHeaders ，跳转到 success.jsp页面且控制台打印testHeaders,

点击testHeaders_enus 报错，原因是 headers = { "Accept-Language=en-US,zh;q=0.9" }，与浏览器的Accept-Language不一致导致请求失败；

index.jsp运行结果图片

@RequestMapping URL支持Ant风格的请求（通配符）

？：匹配文件名中的一个字符：
*：匹配文件名中的任意字符
**：匹配多层路径；

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 
 6 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 7 @Controller
 8 public class RequestMappingTest {
 9     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
10 
11     @RequestMapping("/testAntPath/*/abc/dd/**/end?")
12     public String testAnt() {
13         System.out.println("testAnt");
14         return SUCCESS;
15     }
16 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/testAntPath/test/abc/dd/test/test/end11">testAnt</a>
11 </body>
12 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp 的运行效果如下图；点击testAnt，会出现错误，原因是/springmvc/testAntPath/test/abc/dd/test/test/end11 end11多了一个1，因为@RequestMapping("/testAntPath/*/abc/dd/**/end?") 且？匹配一个字符，这里end11 多了一个字符；所以不成功；把end11改为end1 ，再点击testAnt，会跳转到success 页面，且控制台打印：testAnt；

@PathVariable映射URL绑定的占位符到目标方法的参数中：

@RequestMapping url中的占位符，必须和@PathVariable中的值一致，@PathVariable中的值可以和参数值相同也可以不相同；

即 @RequestMapping("/testPathVariable/{id}/{name}")；中的{id} 必须与@PathVariable("id") String id ，中的@PathVariable("id") 值相同；与String id 可以相同或者不相同。

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 6 
 7 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 8 @Controller
 9 public class RequestMappingTest {
10     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
11 
12     @RequestMapping("/testPathVariable/{id}/{name}")
13     public String testPathVariable(@PathVariable("id") String id, @PathVariable("name") String names) {
14         System.out.println("testPathVariable id:" + id + ",name:" + names);
15         return SUCCESS;
16     }
17 }

index.jsp:

a标签中的占位符必须数量必须和@RequestMapping("/testPathVariable/{id}/{name}")中的数量一致，否则报错；

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/testPathVariable/aaa/bb">testPathVariable</a>
11 </body>
12 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp显示如下；点击testPathVariable，跳转到success页面，同时控制台打印 testPathVariable id:aaa,name:bb

REST( Representational State Transfer )

说明：

State Transfer 为 "状态传输" 或 "状态转移 "，Representational 中文有人翻译为"表征"、"具象"，合起来就是 "表征状态传输" 或 "具象状态传输" 或 "表述性状态转移"。可以理解为：（资源）表征状态传输；

资源：就是网络上的一个实体，换言之就是一个具体的信息。（如图片，文本。。。）可以用URI 指向它。URI为每一个资源识别符。
表征：可以理解为资源的传输形式（文本可以用 txt;可以用HTML；可以用JSON）。
状态转换：HTTP协议无状态；如果客户需要操作服务器，必须通过某种手段，让服务器发生状态转换。http协议里面，4个表示操作的动词，GET、POST、PUT、DELETE。对应着获取、新增、修改、删除。

示例：

'/order/1 http get' 得到ID=1的order
'/order http POST' 新增的order
'/order/1 http PUT' 更新ID=1的order
'/order/1 http DELETE' 删除ID=1的order

实例验证

为了实现put 和 delete的效果，web.xml中需要配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter ，可以把post请求转为delete or put请求。

 1 <!-- 配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter :可以把post请求转为delete or put请求 -->
 2 
 3     <filter>
 4         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
 5         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
 6     </filter>
 7     <filter-mapping>
 8         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
 9         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
10     </filter-mapping>

web.xml配置：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3     xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
 5     version="4.0">
 6     <display-name>HelloWorld</display-name>
 7     <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet(快捷键 alt +/) -->
 8     <servlet>
 9         <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
10         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
11         <!-- 配置DispatcherServletd 一个初始化参数：配置springmvc配置文件的位置和名称 -->
12         <!-- 实际上也可以不通过 contextConfigLocation 来配置Springmvc的配置文件，而是用默认的 即默认的配置文件为 
13             /WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml 本项目默认位置配置文件即为： /WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml -->
14         <init-param>
15             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
16             <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
17         </init-param>
18         <!-- 表示springDispatcherServlet在加载的时候被创建 -->
19         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
20     </servlet>
21 
22     <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
23     <servlet-mapping>
24         <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
25         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
26     </servlet-mapping>
27 
28     <!-- 配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter :可以把post请求转为delete or put请求 -->
29 
30     <filter>
31         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
32         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
33     </filter>
34     <filter-mapping>
35         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
36         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
37     </filter-mapping>
38 
39 </web-app>

View Code

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 7 
 8 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 9 @Controller
10 public class RequestMappingTest {
11     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
12 
13     @RequestMapping(value = "/testRest/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
14     public String testRestput(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
15         System.out.println("testRest-put:" + id);
16         return SUCCESS;
17     }
18 
19     @RequestMapping(value = "/testRest/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
20     public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
21         System.out.println("testRest-delete:" + id);
22         return SUCCESS;
23     }
24 
25     @RequestMapping(value = "/testRest", method = RequestMethod.POST)
26     public String testRestPost() {
27         System.out.println("testRest post");
28         return SUCCESS;
29     }
30 
31     @RequestMapping(value = "/testRest/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
32     public String testRestGet(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
33         System.out.println("testRest-get:" + id);
34         return SUCCESS;
35     }
36 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/testRest/1">test rest get</a>
11     <br>
12     <form action="/springmvc/testRest" method="POST">
13         <input type="submit" value="test rest post">
14     </form>
15     <form action="/springmvc/testRest/1" method="POST">
16         <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE"> <input
17             type="submit" value="test rest delete">
18     </form>
19     <form action="/springmvc/testRest/1" method="POST">
20         <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT"> <input
21             type="submit" value="test rest put">
22     </form>
23 </body>
24 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

运行结果：

index.jsp运行效果如下图；

点击test rest get 跳转到success页面，同时控制台打印testRest-get:1；

点击test rest post跳转到success页面，同时控制台打印testRest post；

点击test rest delete跳转到success页面，同时控制台打印testRest-delete:1

点击test rest put跳转到success页面，同时控制台打印testRest-put:1；

绑定参数注解

使用@RequestParam绑定请求参数值：

在方法入参处使用@RequestParam 可以把请求参数传递给请求方法；

value：表示请求参数的参数名
required：是否必须，默认为true，请求参数中必须包含对应的参数，若不存在，将抛出异常；
defaultvalue ：参数默认值

http://localhost:8080/springmvc/tesRestParam?username=%E6%9D%8E%E7%A7%80%E6%98%8E&age=12中的username必须和@RequestParam(value = "username") String username中的@RequestParam(value="username")的一样；和String username 可以一样也可以不一样；

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 6 
 7 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 8 @Controller
 9 public class RequestMappingTest {
10     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
11 
12     /**
13      * @RequestParam来映射请求参数 value：请求参数名 required ：是否必须 defaultvalue ：参数默认值
14      * @return
15      */
16     @RequestMapping("/tesRestParam")
17     public String tesRestParam(@RequestParam(value = "username") String username,
18             @RequestParam(value = "age", required = false, defaultValue = "0") int age) {
19         System.out.println("tesRestParam:username" + username + ".aget:" + age);
20         return SUCCESS;
21     }
22 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="false"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/tesRestParam?username=李秀明&age=12">tesRestParam_username&age</a>
11     <br>
12     <a href="/springmvc/tesRestParam?username=李秀明">tesRestParam_username</a>
13 </body>
14 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp 运行如下图，点击tesRestParam_username&age 跳转到success，且控制台打印：tesRestParam:username李秀明.aget:12；点击tesRestParam_username 跳转到successtesRestParam:username李秀明.aget:0

@RequestHeader绑定请求报头属性值

请求头包含了若干个属性，服务器可据此货值客户端的信息。通过@RequestHeader可将请求头中的属性值绑定到处理方法的入参中

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestHeader;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 6 
 7 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 8 @Controller
 9 public class RequestMappingTest {
10     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
11 
12     /**
13      * 用来映射请求头信息；用法同@RequestParam
14      * 
15      * @return
16      */
17     @RequestMapping("/tesRestHeader")
18     public String tesRestHeader(@RequestHeader(value = "Accept-Language") String al) {
19         System.out.println("tesRestHeader" + al);
20         return SUCCESS;
21     }
22 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="false"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/tesRestHeader">tesRestHeader</a>
11     <br>
12 </body>
13 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：点击testRestHeader 跳转到success页面，且控制台打印：tesRestHeaderzh-CN,zh;q=0.9

@CookieValue绑定请求报头属性值

通过@CookieValue可让处理方法入参绑定某个Cookie值；用法同@RequestParam

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CookieValue;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 6 
 7 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 8 @Controller
 9 public class RequestMappingTest {
10     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
11 
12     /**
13      * @CookieValue映射一个cookie值；用法同@RequestParam
14      * 
15      * @return
16      */
17     @RequestMapping("/testCookieValue")
18     public String testCookieValue(@CookieValue(value = "JSESSIONID") String JSESSIONID) {
19         System.out.println("testCookieValue" + JSESSIONID);
20         return SUCCESS;
21     }
22 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="false"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/testCookieValue">testCookieValue</a>
11 </body>
12 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp运行结果如下图；点击testCookieValue跳转到success页面，且控制台打印testCookieValue6458E41FB8EEF62E6A52F7612D1936D7

使用POJO对象绑定请求参数值；

springMVC 会按照请求参数名和POJO属性名进行自动匹配，自动为该对象填充属性。支持级联属性。如dept.deptId、dept.address.tel。。。

添加两个实体类User.java 和 address.java

User.java

 1 package entity;
 2 
 3 public class User {
 4     private String userName;
 5     private int age;
 6     private Address address;
 7 
 8     public String getUserName() {
 9         return userName;
10     }
11 
12     public void setUserName(String userName) {
13         this.userName = userName;
14     }
15 
16     public int getAge() {
17         return age;
18     }
19 
20     public void setAge(int age) {
21         this.age = age;
22     }
23 
24     public Address getAddress() {
25         return address;
26     }
27 
28     public void setAddress(Address address) {
29         this.address = address;
30     }
31 
32     @Override
33     public String toString() {
34         return "User [userName=" + userName + ", age=" + age + ", address=" + address + "]";
35     }
36 
37 }

View Code

address.java

 1 package entity;
 2 
 3 public class Address {
 4     private String province;
 5     private String city;
 6 
 7     public String getProvince() {
 8         return province;
 9     }
10 
11     public void setProvince(String province) {
12         this.province = province;
13     }
14 
15     public String getCity() {
16         return city;
17     }
18 
19     public void setCity(String city) {
20         this.city = city;
21     }
22 
23     @Override
24     public String toString() {
25         return "Address [province=" + province + ", city=" + city + "]";
26     }
27 
28 }

View Code

web.xml添加编码配置，防止form表单提交控制台打印乱码（这里的方式是设定post 请求体的编码格式；如果是git请求参数乱码，则需要设置服务器的编码格式）：

该段代码配置在web.xml其他过滤器前面，否则无效；

参考解决方式：https://www.cnblogs.com/lixiuming521125/p/14697014.html#_label4

 1 <filter>
 2         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
 3         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
 4         <init-param>
 5             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
 6             <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
 7         </init-param>
 8     </filter>
 9     <filter-mapping>
10         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
11         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
12     </filter-mapping>

完整内容：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3     xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
 5     version="4.0">
 6     <display-name>HelloWorld</display-name>
 7     <filter>
 8         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
 9         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
10         <init-param>
11             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
12             <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
13         </init-param>
14     </filter>
15     <filter-mapping>
16         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
17         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
18     </filter-mapping>
19     <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet(快捷键 alt +/) -->
20     <servlet>
21         <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
22         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
23         <!-- 配置DispatcherServletd 一个初始化参数：配置springmvc配置文件的位置和名称 -->
24         <!-- 实际上也可以不通过 contextConfigLocation 来配置Springmvc的配置文件，而是用默认的 即默认的配置文件为 
25             /WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml 本项目默认位置配置文件即为： /WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml -->
26         <init-param>
27             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
28             <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
29         </init-param>
30         <!-- 表示springDispatcherServlet在加载的时候被创建 -->
31         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
32     </servlet>
33 
34     <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
35     <servlet-mapping>
36         <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
37         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
38     </servlet-mapping>
39 
40     <!-- 配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter :可以把post请求转为delete or put请求 -->
41 
42     <filter>
43         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
44         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
45     </filter>
46     <filter-mapping>
47         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
48         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
49     </filter-mapping>
50 
51 </web-app>

View Code

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 
 6 import entity.User;
 7 
 8 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
 9 @Controller
10 public class RequestMappingTest {
11     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
12 
13     @RequestMapping("/testpojo")
14     public String testpojo(User user) {
15         System.out.println("testpojo" + user);
16         return SUCCESS;
17     }
18 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="false"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <form action="/springmvc/testpojo" method="POST">
11         用户名:<input type="text" name="userName" /> <br> 
12         年龄：<input type="text" name="age" /> <br> 
13         城市：<input type="text"name="address.city" /> <br> 
14         省份：<input type="text" name="address.province" /> <br> 
15             <input type="submit" value='提交'>
16     </form>
17 </body>
18 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp 的运行结果如下图，填写下面信息，点击提交，跳转到 success页面，且控制台打印：

testpojoUser [userName=李秀明, age=18, address=Address [province=浙江, city=嘉兴]]

servlet 原生的API作为目标方法的参数

具体支持以下类型

HttpServletRequest,
HttpServletResponse,
Writer,
java.security.Principal,
Locale
InputStream,
OutputStream,
Reader,
Writer

RequestMappingTest：

 1 package handler;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 import java.io.Writer;
 5 
 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 8 
 9 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
10 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
11 
12 @RequestMapping("/springmvc")
13 @Controller
14 public class RequestMappingTest {
15 
16     @RequestMapping("/testServletAPI")
17     public void testServletAPI(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Writer out)
18             throws IOException {
19         out.write("hello spring");
20     }
21 }

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="false"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <a href="/springmvc/testServletAPI">testServletAPI</a>
11 </body>
12 </html>

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h4>success</h4>
11 </body>
12 </html>

View Code

运行结果：

index.jsp运行效果如下；点击testServletAPI 会显示hello spring ;

posted @ 2022-03-10 13:34 啄木鸟伍迪阅读(318) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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啄木鸟伍迪

二、springMVC之RequestMapping和绑定参数注解

一、概述：

配置方式：

目录结构：

@RequestMapping：

修饰类

使用method属性来指定请求方式

使用params来更加精确的映射请求

使用headers来更加精确的映射请求

@RequestMapping URL支持Ant风格的请求（通配符）

@PathVariable映射URL绑定的占位符到目标方法的参数中：

REST( Representational State Transfer )

说明：

实例验证

绑定参数注解

使用@RequestParam绑定请求参数值：

@RequestHeader绑定请求报头属性值

@CookieValue绑定请求报头属性值

使用POJO对象绑定请求参数值；

servlet 原生的API作为目标方法的参数

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