nginx location
nginx location
1.1 location匹配
语法：
location [=|~|~*|^~] /uri/ { … }
= 严格匹配。如果请求匹配这个location，那么将停止搜索并立即处理此请求
~ 包含正则表达式并且区分大小写，并且匹配
!~ 包含正则表达式并且区分大小写，并且不匹配
~* 包含正则表达式并且不区分大小写，并且匹配
!~* 包含正则表达式并且不区分大小写，并且不匹配
^~ 包含正则表达式并且匹配以什么开头
$ 包含正则表达式并且匹配以什么结尾
\ 包含正则表达式并且转义字符，可以转 . * ?等
* 包含正则表达式并且代表任意长度的任意字符
2.1 应用实例
2.1.1 简单的实例
server {
listen 8080;
listen [::]:8080;
server_name _;
location / { #浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080回车访问/usr/share/nginx/html/lili/index.html
root /usr/share/nginx/html/lili;
}
location /dev { #浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080/dev会访问到/usr/share/nginx/html/about/index.html
alias /usr/share/nginx/html/about;
index index.html;
}
#精准匹配，浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080/1.jpg会访问到http://192.168.50.121:8080/image/1.jpg资源
location = /1.jpg {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/image/;
index index.html;
}
#区分大小写，浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080/Aa.jpg会访问http://192.168.50.121:8080/image/Aa.jpg资源，访问aa.jpg会报错
location ~ /A.?\.jpg {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/image/;
index index.html;
}
#不区分大小写，浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080/Ba.jpg会访问http://192.168.50.121:8080/image/Bb.jpg资源，访问bb.jpg也能访问到
location ~* /B.?\.jpg {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/image/;
index index.html;
}
#匹配url，如下两个alex。
#浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080/alex会访问http://192.168.50.121:8080/html/alex/index.html
#浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080/alex1会访问http://192.168.50.121:8080/html/alexpc/index.html
location ^~ /alex {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/;
index index.html;
}
location /alex1 {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/alexpc/;
index index.html;
}
#文件名后缀
#浏览器页面打开http://192.168.50.121:8080/mic.jpg会访问http://192.168.50.121:8080/diff/mic.jpg
location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|tiff|tif|ico|wmf|js)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/diff/;
index index.html;
}
#匹配优先级
#=,^~,~/~*,/
#location优先级，（location=） > (location 完整路径) > (location ^~ 路径) > (location ~,~*正则顺序) > (location 部分起始路径) > (/)
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
3.1 生产用例
3.1.1 生产用例一
vim nginx.conf
user root;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '
'\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
'"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
gzip on;
gzip_types text/css
application/javascript text/plain application/json application/x-javascript
application/css application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript
application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png image/x-ms-bmp;
client_max_body_size 100M;
upstream ecsSrv {
server java-ecs:8096;
}
upstream ecs-console {
server java-console:8095;
}
server {
listen 8080;
server_name localhost;
location = / {
rewrite ^ \$scheme://\$http_host/ecs_console/index.html permanent;
}
location ~* \\.(css|js|html|map|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|ico|woff|woff2|svg|mp4|icon)\$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
location ~ /console/ {
rewrite ^/console/(.*)\$ /\$1 break;
proxy_read_timeout 240s;
proxy_pass http://ecs-console;
}
location ~ /(ecs|designer|businessobject|datadictionary|distribution|filemanagement|flow|masterdata|rule|treemanager)/ {
rewrite ^/(ecs|designer|businessobject|datadictionary|distribution|filemanagement|flow|masterdata|rule|treemanager)?/(.*) /\$2 break;
proxy_read_timeout 240s;
proxy_pass http://ecsSrv;
}
location = /designer/ { index /designer/index.html; }
location = /ecs-console/ { index /ecs-console/index.html; }
location = /ecs_console/ { index /ecs_console/index.html; }
location = /ecs-console-mobile/ { index /ecs-console-mobile/index.html; }
location = /fssc-web/ { index /fssc-web/index.html; }
location = /ecs-web/ { index /ecs-web/index.html; }
location = /ecs-mobile/ { index /ecs-mobile/index.html; }
location = /ecs-console-mobile-vue/ { index /ecs-console-mobile-vue/index.html; }
proxy_set_header Host \$host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
real_ip_recursive on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
}
}
3.1.2 生产用例二
vim conf.d/ecs.conf
upstream mc-consoleSvr {
server 192.168.61.187:8072 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
upstream mc-ecsXxl {
server 192.168.61.187:8082 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
upstream ecs-cloudplatform-api {
server 192.168.61.187:8070 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
upstream ecs-cloudplatform-mc {
server 192.168.61.187:8071 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 8074;
server_name 192.168.61.186:8074;
location = / {
rewrite ^ /ecs-console/index.html permanent;
}
#xxl-job的配置需要放到前面
location ^~ /xxl-job-admin/ {
proxy_read_timeout 240s;
proxy_pass http://mc-ecsXxl;
}
location ^~ /(xxl-job-admin)/(.+)\.(css|js|html|map|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|ico|ttf|woff|apk|ipa)$ {
proxy_pass http://mc-ecsXxl;
}
location ~ /ecs-cloudplatform-api/ {
proxy_read_timeout 240s;
proxy_pass http://ecs-cloudplatform-api;
}
location ~* \.(css|js|html|map|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|ico|svg|mp4)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/mc;
}
location = /ecs/doc.html {
proxy_pass http://mc-consoleSvr;
}
location ^~ /ecs/webjars/ {
proxy_pass http://mc-consoleSvr;
}
location ~ /(console)/ {
rewrite ^/(console)?/(.*) /$2 break;
proxy_read_timeout 240s;
proxy_pass http://mc-consoleSvr;
}
location ~ /ecs-cloudplatform-mc/ {
proxy_read_timeout 240s;
proxy_pass http://ecs-cloudplatform-mc;
}
location = /ecs-cloudplatform-mc/ {
index /ecs-cloudplatform-mc/index.html;
}
location = /ecs-console/ {
index /ecs-console/index.html;
}
location = /ecs_console/ {
index /ecs_console/index.html;
}
location = /ecs-console-mobile/ {
index /ecs-console-mobile/index.html;
}
location = /fssc-web/ {
index /fssc-web/index.html;
}
location = /ecs-web/ {
index /ecs-web/index.html;
}
location = /ecs-mobile/ {
index /ecs-mobile/index.html;
}
location =/designer/ {
index /designer/index.html;
}
location / {
rewrite ^/console/(.*)$ /$2 break;
proxy_read_timeout 240s;
proxy_pass http://mc-consoleSvr;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/mc;
}
}
