MMORPG大型游戏设计与开发(part4 of net)
上一节简单的介绍了服务器消息处理的流程,想必大家对这方面有了初步的认识,接下来我们需要知道和掌握的便是其中一些重要的方法,进一步深入熟悉整个构架。
1、FD_*系列宏函数
FD_ZERO(fd_set *fdset) 将指定的文件描述符集清空,在对文件描述符集合进行设置前,必须对其进行初始化,如果不清空,由于在系统分配内存空间后,通常并不作清空处理,所以结果是不可知的。
FD_SET(fd_set *fdset) 用于在文件描述符集合中增加一个新的文件描述符。FD_CLR(fd_set *fdset) 用于在文件描述符集合中删除一个文件描述符。
FD_ISSET(int fd,fd_set *fdset) 用于测试指定的文件描述符是否在该集合中。
2、Socket操作类
/**
* PAP Engine ( -- )
* $Id socket.h
* @link -- for the canonical source repository
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2013-2013 viticm( viticm@126.com )
* @license
* @user viticm<viticm@126.com>
* @date 2013-12-31 17:34:43
* @uses server net model socket class
*/
#ifndef PAP_SERVER_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_H_
#define PAP_SERVER_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_H_
#include "common/net/socket/base.h"
namespace pap_server_common_net {
class Socket {
public:
Socket(uint16_t port, uint32_t backlog = 5);
~Socket();
public:
void close();
bool accept(pap_common_net::socket::Base* socket);
uint32_t getlinger() const;
bool setlinger(uint32_t lingertime);
bool is_nonblocking() const;
bool set_nonblocking(bool on = true);
uint32_t getreceive_buffersize() const;
bool setreceive_buffersize(uint32_t size);
uint32_t getsend_buffersize() const;
bool setsend_buffersize(uint32_t size);
int32_t getid() const;
protected:
pap_common_net::socket::Base* socket_;
};
}; //namespace pap_server_common_net
#endif //PAP_SERVER_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_H_
这是服务器的socket操作类,构造函数(Socket(uint16_t port, uint32_t backlog = 5))需要提供一个监听端口。
void close(); //关闭套接字。
bool accept(pap_common_net::socket::Base* socket); //接受sokcet连接
uint32_t getlinger() const; //获取延时
bool setlinger(uint32_t lingertime); //设置延时
bool is_nonblocking() const; //是否为non-blocking模式
bool set_nonblocking(bool on = true); //设置non-blocking
uint32_t getreceive_buffersize() const; //获取接收的buffer大小
bool setreceive_buffersize(uint32_t size); //设置接收的buffer大小
uint32_t getsend_buffersize() const; //获取发送的buffer大小
bool setsend_buffersize(uint32_t size); //设置发送buffer大小
int32_t getid() const; //获取套接字ID
其中大家可能不了解的是non-blocking的IO模式,有一篇详细的文中供大家参考:IO模式。
3、套接字输入流和输入流操作类
#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_INPUTSTREAM_H_
#define PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_INPUTSTREAM_H_
#include "common/net/config.h"
#include "common/lib/vnet/vnet.hpp"
#include "common/net/socket/base.h"
#include "common/net/packet/base.h"
namespace pap_common_net {
namespace socket {
class InputStream {
public: //construct and destruct
InputStream(
Base* socket,
uint32_t bufferlength = SOCKETINPUT_BUFFERSIZE_DEFAULT,
uint32_t bufferlength_max = SOCKETINPUT_DISCONNECT_MAXSIZE);
virtual ~InputStream();
public:
uint32_t read(char* buffer, uint32_t length);
bool readpacket(packet::Base* packet);
bool peek(char* buffer, uint32_t length);
bool skip(uint32_t length);
uint32_t fill();
void init();
bool resize(int32_t size);
uint32_t reallength();
bool isempty();
void cleanup();
void setkey(unsigned char const* key);
int32_t get_keylength();
Base* getsocket();
private:
Base* socket_;
struct packet_t* packet_;
struct endecode_param_t* endecode_param_;
};
}; //namespace socket
}; //namespace pap_common_net
#endif //PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_INPUTSTREAM_H_
套接字的输入流操作类,可以看到构造函数需要提供一个套接字对象初始化。
functions:
uint32_t read(char* buffer, uint32_t length); //读取一段数据
bool readpacket(packet::Base* packet); //读取网络包
bool peek(char* buffer, uint32_t length); //校验数据内容
bool skip(uint32_t length); //跳过大小长度的一段数据
uint32_t fill(); //数据修正
void init(); //初始化
bool resize(int32_t size); //重新分配流大小
uint32_t reallength(); //数据实际长度
bool isempty(); //数据是否为空
void cleanup(); //流内部数据清理
void setkey(unsigned char const* key); //流加密KEY设置,如果设置了这个,则网络数据全部被加密
int32_t get_keylength(); //获取加密KEY的长度
variables:
Base* socket_; //套接字对象
struct packet_t* packet_; //网络包结构
struct endecode_param_t* endecode_param_; //加密数据结构
#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_OUTPUTSTREAM_H_
#define PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_OUTPUTSTREAM_H_
#include "common/net/config.h"
#include "common/lib/vnet/vnet.hpp"
#include "common/net/socket/base.h"
#include "common/net/packet/base.h"
namespace pap_common_net {
namespace socket {
class OutputStream {
public:
OutputStream(
socket::Base* socket,
uint32_t bufferlength = SOCKETOUTPUT_BUFFERSIZE_DEFAULT,
uint32_t bufferlength_max = SOCKETOUTPUT_DISCONNECT_MAXSIZE);
~OutputStream();
public:
uint32_t write(const char* buffer, uint32_t length);
bool writepacket(const packet::Base* packet);
uint32_t flush();
void init();
bool resize(int32_t size);
uint32_t reallength();
bool isempty();
void cleanup();
void setkey(unsigned char const* key);
int32_t get_keylength();
void getbuffer(char* buffer, uint32_t length);
Base* getsocket();
private:
Base* socket_;
struct packet_t* packet_;
struct endecode_param_t* endecode_param_;
};
}; //namespace socket
}; //namespace pap_common_net
#endif //PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_OUTPUTSTREAM_H_
其方法和参数其实与输入流大同小异,我在这里就不一一列举了。
4、网络包操作类和网络包管理器
/**
* PAP Engine ( -- )
* $Id packet.h
* @link -- for the canonical source repository
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2013-2013 viticm( viticm@126.com )
* @license
* @user viticm<viticm@126.com>
* @date 2014-1-2 11:36:54
* @uses server and client net pakcet class
*/
#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_BASE_H_
#define PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_BASE_H_
#include "common/net/config.h"
#include "common/net/socket/inputstream.h"
#include "common/net/socket/outputstream.h"
#define GET_PACKETINDEX(a) ((a) >> 24)
#define SET_PACKETINDEX(a,index) ((a) = (((a) & 0xffffff) + ((index) << 24)))
#define GET_PACKETLENGTH(a) ((a) & 0xffffff)
#define SET_PACKETLENGTH(a,length) ((a) = ((a) & 0xff000000) + (length))
//note cn:
//消息头中包括:uint16_t - 2字节;uint32_t - 4字节中高位一个字节为消息序列号,
//其余三个字节为消息长度
//通过GET_PACKETINDEX和GET_PACKETLENGTH宏,
//可以取得UINT数据里面的消息序列号和长度
//通过SET_PACKETINDEX和SET_PACKETLENGTH宏,
//可以设置UINT数据里面的消息序列号和长度
#define PACKET_HEADERSIZE (sizeof(uint16_t) + sizeof(uint32_t))
typedef enum {
kPacketExecuteStatusError = 0, //表示出现严重错误,当前连接需要被强制断开
kPacketExecuteStatusBreak, //表示返回后剩下的消息将不在当前处理循环里处理
kPacketExecuteStatusContinue, //表示继续在当前循环里执行剩下的消息
kPacketExecuteStatusNotRemove, //表示继续在当前循环里执行剩下的消息,
//但是不回收当前消息
kPacketExecuteStatusNotRemoveError,
} packet_executestatus_enum;
namespace pap_common_net {
namespace packet {
class Base {
public:
Base();
virtual ~Base();
public:
int8_t status_;
int8_t index_;
public:
virtual void cleanup() {};
virtual bool read(socket::InputStream& inputstream) = 0;
virtual bool write(socket::OutputStream& outputstream) const = 0;
virtual uint32_t execute(
pap_server_common_net::connection::Base* connection) = 0;
virtual uint16_t getid() const = 0;
virtual uint32_t getsize() const = 0;
int8_t getindex() const;
void setindex(int8_t index);
uint8_t getstatus() const;
void setstatus(uint8_t status);
};
}; //namespace packet
}; //namespace pap_common_net
#endif //PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_BASE_H_
functions:
virtual void cleanup() {}; //内部数据清理
virtual bool read(socket::InputStream& inputstream) = 0; //读取网络包
virtual bool write(socket::OutputStream& outputstream) const = 0; //写入网络包
virtual uint32_t execute(
pap_server_common_net::connection::Base* connection) = 0; //网络包执行
virtual uint16_t getid() const = 0; //获取包ID
virtual uint32_t getsize() const = 0; //获取包大小
int8_t getindex() const; //获取包索引
void setindex(int8_t index); //设置包索引
uint8_t getstatus() const; //获取包状态
void setstatus(uint8_t status); //设置包状态
variables:
int8_t status_; //状态
int8_t index_; //索引
/**
* PAP Engine ( -- )
* $Id factorymanager.h
* @link -- for the canonical source repository
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2013-2013 viticm( viticm@126.com )
* @license
* @user viticm<viticm@126.com>
* @date 2014-1-3 10:11:38
* @uses server and client net packet factory manager
*/
#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_FACTORYMANAGER_H_
#define PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_FACTORYMANAGER_H_
#include "common/net/config.h"
#include "common/net/packet/factory.h"
#include "common/sys/thread.h"
namespace pap_common_net {
namespace packet {
class FactoryManager {
public:
FactoryManager();
~FactoryManager();
public:
uint32_t* packet_alloccount_;
public:
bool init();
//根据消息类型从内存里分配消息实体数据(允许多线程同时调用)
Base* createpacket(uint16_t pakcetid);
//根据消息类型取得对应消息的最大尺寸(允许多线程同时调用)
uint32_t getpacket_maxsize(uint16_t packetid);
//删除消息实体(允许多线程同时调用)
void removepacket(Base* packet);
void lock();
void unlock();
static bool isvalid_packetid(uint16_t id); //packetid is valid
private:
Factory** factories_;
uint16_t size_;
pap_common_sys::ThreadLock lock_;
private:
void addfactory(Factory* factory);
void addfactories_for_billinglogin();
void addfactories_for_serverserver();
void addfactories_for_clientlogin();
void addfactories_for_loginworld();
void addfactories_for_serverworld();
void addfactories_for_clientserver();
};
}; //namespace packet
}; //namespace pap_common_net
extern pap_common_net::packet::FactoryManager* g_packetfactory_manager;
#endif //COMMON_NET_PACKETFACTORY_H_
网络包工厂管理器,即是把所有包对象加入到一个管理器中,然后有需要的时候再从工厂中取出来使用。
5、服务器select模式
上一部分的代码中,大家应该也看到了这个代码。那么为什么要select呢?服务器一次普通阻塞之下,一次只能一对一的问答,如果多个同时访问,就要讲究先来后到了。为了避免这样的问题,解决多用户同时访问不需要等待,则使用了select模式。那么我们来看看这个函数的具体用法与解释,还是引用一个前人已经总结出来的文章:socket的select。
下一部分将用一个服务器的实例来讲诉网络部分一次访问的过程。