RabbitAdmin 和 RabbitTemplate 的使用

RabbitAdmin

该类封装了对 RabbitMQ 的管理操作

@Bean
public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
    return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
}

@Autowired
private RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin;

Exchange 操作

//创建四种类型的 Exchange，均为持久化，不自动删除
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new DirectExchange("direct.exchange",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("topic.exchange",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new FanoutExchange("fanout.exchange",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new HeadersExchange("header.exchange",true,false));
//删除 Exchange
rabbitAdmin.deleteExchange("header.exchange");

Queue 操作

//定义队列，均为持久化
rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("debug",true));
rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("info",true));
rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("error",true));
//删除队列      rabbitAdmin.deleteQueue("debug");
//将队列中的消息全消费掉
rabbitAdmin.purgeQueue("info",false);

Binding 绑定

//绑定队列到交换器，通过路由键
rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("debug",Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,
        "direct.exchange","key.1",new HashMap()));

rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("info",Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,
        "direct.exchange","key.2",new HashMap()));

rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("error",Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,
        "direct.exchange","key.3",new HashMap()));

//进行解绑
rabbitAdmin.removeBinding(BindingBuilder.bind(new Queue("info")).
        to(new TopicExchange("direct.exchange")).with("key.2"));

//使用BindingBuilder进行绑定
rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(BindingBuilder.bind(new Queue("info")).
        to(new TopicExchange("topic.exchange")).with("key.#"));

//声明topic类型的exchange
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("exchange1",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("exchange2",true,false));

//exchange与exchange绑定
rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("exchange1",Binding.DestinationType.EXCHANGE,
        "exchange2","key.4",new HashMap()));

RabbitTemplate

Spring AMQP 提供了 RabbitTemplate 来简化 RabbitMQ 发送和接收消息操作

@Autowired
private RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin;

RabbitTemplate 初始化

设置 RabbitTemplate 的默认交换器、默认路由键、默认队列

发送消息

send （自定义消息 Message）

Message message = new Message("hello".getBytes(),new MessageProperties());
// 发送消息到默认的交换器，默认的路由键
rabbitTemplate.send(message);
// 发送消息到指定的交换器，指定的路由键
rabbitTemplate.send("direct.exchange","key.1",message);
// 发送消息到指定的交换器，指定的路由键
rabbitTemplate.send("direct.exchange","key.1",message,new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()));
convertAndSend（自动 Java 对象包装成 Message 对象，Java 对象需要实现 Serializable 序列化接口）
User user = new User("linyuan");
// 发送消息到默认的交换器，默认的路由键
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(user);
// 发送消息到指定的交换器，指定的路由键，设置消息 ID
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct.exchange","key.1",user,new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()));
// 发送消息到指定的交换器，指定的路由键，在消息转换完成后，通过 MessagePostProcessor 来添加属性
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct.exchange","key.1",user,mes -> {
    mes.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
        return mes;
});

接收消息

receive（返回 Message 对象）

// 接收来自指定队列的消息，并设置超时时间
Message msg = rabbitTemplate.receive("debug",2000l);
receiveAndConvert（将返回 Message 转换成 Java 对象）

User user = (User) rabbitTemplate.receiveAndConvert();

转载自链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/e647758a7c50