LeetCode: 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

题目:
LeetCode: 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

描述:

Given a digit string, return all possible letter combinations that the number could represent.
A mapping of digit to letters (just like on the telephone buttons) is given below.
给定一个数字字符串,返回数字可能代表的所有可能的字母组合。
数字到字母的映射(就像电话按钮一样)在下面给出。

Input:Digit string "23"
Output: ["ad", "ae", "af", "bd", "be", "bf", "cd", "ce", "cf"].

分析:

 思路一(BFS):
1)本题难点在于,存在多组字符串的拼接。
2)在已知输入字符串数量的前提下,采取将中间拼接字符串存储在vector暂存便于后面的字符串的拼接。
3)拼接样例:
输入“23”:
(1)初始化一个string 的vector 初始值“”;
(2)处理“2”:
    将2对应的“abc”的数组,将“”与“a”、“b”、“c”的字串拼接push_back进数组。删除首元素(中间暂存元素)“”。
(3)处理“3”:
    将3对应的数组“def”,类似2操作:
    将“a”与“d”、“e”、“f”的字串拼接push_back进数组,删除首元素(中间暂存元素)“a”.
    将“b”与“d”、“e”、“f”的字串拼接push_back进数组,删除首元素(中间暂存元素)“b”.
    将“c”与“d”、“e”、“f”的字串拼接push_back进数组,删除首元素(中间暂存元素)“c”.
    "ad" "ae" "af" "bd" "be" "bf" "cd" "ce" "cf"

代码:

vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {
    vector<string > strNum = { "0", "1","abc", "def", "ghi", "jkl", "mno", "pqrs", "tuv", "wxyz" };
    vector <string> strRet;
    if (0 == digits.size())
    {
        return strRet;
    }
    strRet.push_back("");
    for (int i = 0; i < digits.size(); ++i)
    {
        int nSize = strRet.size();
        string strTmp = strNum[digits[i] - '0'];
        for (int j = 0; j < nSize; ++j)
        {
            for (int k = 0; k < strTmp.size(); ++k)
            {
                strRet.push_back(strRet[0] + strTmp[k]);
            }
            strRet.erase(strRet.begin());
        }
    }
    return strRet;
}
 思路二(DFS):
1.利用DFS的思想进行枚举。
2.基本思路为:
    2.1 判断字符串是否满足长度要求,满足则导入,否则继续遍历。
    2.2 通过传入的数字字符串的长度进行DFS深度的控制。

代码:

void DFSletterCombinations(vector<string>& vecRet, string digits, string strLetter, int nIndex)
{
    vector<string > strNum = { "0", "1","abc", "def", "ghi", "jkl", "mno", "pqrs", "tuv", "wxyz" };
    if (nIndex == digits.size())
    {
        vecRet.push_back(strLetter);
    }
    else
    {
        string strTmp = strNum[digits[nIndex] - '0'];
        for (int i = 0; i < strTmp.size(); ++i)
        {
            string strComb = strLetter + strTmp[i];
            DFSletterCombinations(vecRet, digits, strComb, nIndex + 1);
        }
    }
}

vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {
    vector<string > strNum = { "0", "1","abc", "def", "ghi", "jkl", "mno", "pqrs", "tuv", "wxyz" };
    vector <string> vecRet;
    if (0 == digits.size())
    {
        return vecRet;
    }
    string strTemp = "";
    DFSletterCombinations(vecRet, digits, strTemp, 0);
   
    return vecRet;
}

备注:
可以参考 cinderella_niu的博客LeetCode: 87 Letter Combinations of a Phone Number.

posted @ 2017-06-29 19:41  suilin  阅读(161)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报